resolved

Nintendo Switch 2 had one of its battle horses in retrocompatibility. Has resolved it in the Nintendo style

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We had to wait, but after the official announcement of Nintendo Switch 2 Almost three months ago, Nintendo has finally celebrated the long -awaited Direct in which he has spoken long and lying about the successor of one of the most successful consoles in history. We already know the price, date and launch catalogbut there is a detail that makes a crucial difference with respect to its predecessor: Nintendo Switch 2 is retrocompatible. And although that was confirmed on January 16, its relevance goes far beyond what it seems. Supposes the return of a historical characteristic in Nintendo that disappeared, precisely when Switch It was launched in 2017. Now: It’s not like many expected. Or, well, seeing the direction of the industry, it may be exactly as we imagined … Fragmented history Let’s rewind a little historical review. Nintendo is a company that laid the foundations for the video game as we know it now, not only in desktop, but in laptop. Nintendo Switch was the union of the two ways of playingbut until his arrival, we had desktop consoles, on the one hand, and laptops on the other. Nes, SNES and Nintendo 64 were independent products. Each console had its own guts and none worried about looking at the past. There were unofficial accessories to play NES in SNES and the same in Nintendo 64, but when the Japanese launched a desktop console, they only looked at the future. It is logical: make a console retrocompatible implies that the new machine must carry the original circuitry of the previous machine. The first PS3 model carried a PS2 inside, something they eliminated with later versions to save costs. It could also be emulation by software as Xbox 360 did with the original Xbox, but it was not the same. That retrocompatibility was no stranger to the Nintendo laptops line. Game Boy Color was compatible with Game Boy games, Game Boy Advance admitted Game Boy Color and Nintendo DS games even had Port for Game Boy Advance games. In desktop, however, the villantazo arrived with Wii. After the commercial failures of Nintendo 64 and Gamecube, the ‘Great N’ opted for a Wii that DVD read, but also the disc format of its previous console. Wii was a Gamecube who could not only read his games, but to which we could connect his peripherals as controls and memory cards. It was a total retrocompatibility. And Wiiu, despite its failure, could also execute Wii games native. Nintendo Switch and his poor “virtual console” Ok, Wii and Wiiu read albums, but … What happened in laptops? Well, Nintendo 3DS lost retrocompatibility with Game Boy Advance cartridges, but admitted the huge DS catalog, thus being a very, very complete console. But 2017 arrived, Nintendo Switch was launched and retrocompatibility was lost. It was logical for two reasons. The first: I had no record slot, since its format are memory cards -I still call them cartridges, and I don’t get off this ship. The second: although it had a USB accessory to read albums, Switch’s architecture was ARM while the previous ones were PowerPC. Switch virtual console is a nintendo online section Come on, you could not play the previous games in a switch that totally broke with the past. But … And for software? In recent years we have seen how this software emulation has advanced a lot (especially thanks to Microsoft’s efforts), but Nintendo already had its Virtual console both in Wii and Wiiu, allowing generations such as NES, SNES and N64. He was one of his bastions, in fact, and did not need to have the circuitry of the previous machines to work. And there were even mega drive or PC Engine titles. It was a jewel for the nostalgic and you could buy for little money the title you would like. Switch 2 cartridges have the same format, but different color Switch, with his Nvidia Tegra chip, could do that perfectly. And yes, he did, through the ‘virtual console’ of the Nintendo Online subscription. It was not the same concept that we saw in Wii and the catalog, although it has been expanding, it is smaller (apart from the fact that the games do not belong to you, since you do not buy them individually, but that they are within the subscription), but at least it was shown that Switch could treasure part of that legacy of the company. The controversial retrocompatibility of Nintendo Switch 2 And here we are, eight years later, and getting closer to the launch of A Switch 2 that will not paste that door to the past. It is compatible with Nintendo Online, but the most important thing is that the machine repeats the play we saw in Game Boy and Nintendo DS: you can put the cartridge of a switch game and enjoy perfectly on Switch 2. There were only two details that we should know: what would be the improvements and if it would be free to put the game that you already had to enjoy. And yes, but no. In the Direct, Nintendo has mentioned that we can put our cartridge of a switch game and enjoy the new console, but the title will not have first changes. Now, some like ‘Kirby and the Forgotten Earth’, ‘The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild’ and ‘Tears of the Kingdom’, among others, will have a new version: Nintendo Switch 2 Edition calls. They will be launched in physical format as if it were a new version, but you can also enter the cartridge we have and buy a package that will unlock extra content or improvements for that game. Come on: a payment update to enjoy those improvements/new content. In the ‘Zelda’, they have confirmed that we will have a more stable second rate, as well as a higher resolution and HDR compatibility. In the title of ‘Kirby’, apart from better graphics, we will have a new exclusive story. Finally, GameCube retrocompatbility will arrive. … Read more

China has just resolved one of the advantages of human hunting pilots in front of AI: interpreting the unpredictable

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There was a small redoubt in military key where “human strength” continued to be imposed on algorithms. When it comes to Air Force and the management of combat aircraft such as the Ultra Popular f-16 huntingthe pilots had an advantage that paralyzed the advance of the AI: they were unpredictable in their maneuvers. They may have the days counted. China has found how to anticipate. The end of the human advantage. In A study Published a few weeks ago, China seems to have achieved an unprecedented advance in air combat. As? By eliminating the last tactical advantage of human pilots over artificial intelligence: the ability to maneuver and high intensity to evade attacks. A team of researchers from the North -Western Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, a key branch of the Norinco Armament Gianthas developed a system that combines advanced infrared images with predictive modeling of AI to Precision anticipate movements of an opponent by detecting subtle adjustments on their control surfaces, such as ailerons and rudders. The study. The advance, detailed in a work published in December in it Journal of Gun Launch & Controladdresses a key limitation of AI systems in air combat: their dependence on trajectory -based predictions, which also fail to respond effectively to non -linear and sudden maneuvers of human pilots. The team, led by engineer Lin Zhiwei, overcame this problem by focusing on the Physical mechanics of enemy aircraftallowing AI to interpret millimeter movements on the control surfaces to predict actions before they are completed. How it works. As detailed, the system is based on the use of a modified neuronal network Yolov8the same that analyzes infrared images and Detect microdeformations In the components of the plane, such as the rudder of 1.5 meters from an F-15 or its two-meter stabilizer. These data are then processed in a long and short term memory network (LSTM) Improved with care mechanisms, which allows anticipating the pilot maneuvers in real time, without depending solely on previous flight patterns. In simulations, AI managed to reduce prediction errors less than two meters. It is no small thing, let’s think that it is an improvement of ten times with respect to traditional systems. Applied to automated anti -aircraft systems, this precision would even allow direct attacks directly to the pilot’s cabin if necessary. The test. In their study, the researchers tested the algorithm in flight profiles that They imitated real tactics fighting. In one of these scenarios, an F-15 launched ammunition at low altitude and then performed an abrupt ascent, a maneuver that requires a millimeter coordination of flight controls. In another case, the aircraft executed rapid evasions with erratic movements and sudden changes of direction. In both experiments, the AI ​​predicted the displacements Milliseconds in advancecanceling the pilot’s evasion capacity. A new chapter in the arms race. The advance comes at a key moment in the global race for the supremacy of AI in air combat. In 2020, The Alphadogfight Trials From the Advanced Defense Research Projects (DARPA) of the United States They demonstrated the superiority of AI in combat simulations. More recently, in 2024, an AI system participated in A real dogfight against a human pilot for the first time. The difference? The Chinese team emphasizes that its technology is designed to Optimize fire controlmore than to allow completely autonomous attacks. However, the principles of their AI align with international programs such as “loyal wingman” drones of the United States Air Force, which combine piloted airplanes with combat systems. Plus: The study also confirms that technology is viable with current hardware. Using Chinese manufacturing PS800 infrared sensors, which achieve a resolution of 0.375 miliradia at distances of eight kilometers, the required precision levels are reached For use in real combat. Limitations and countermeasures. Despite its advanced abilities, the system is not invulnerable, of course. One of its main weaknesses expressed by the authors themselves is the possible Interference for electronic countermeasures and optics (such as We have counted in several occasions). In other words: an adversary could use high -power lasers to blind or even destroy the infrared chambers that AI needs to detect the movements of the enemy. There is still a wide margin of improvement. The future of air combat. What seems clear is that the development of this technology represents a turning point in the Air War. Until now, human pilots had a fundamental advantage: what is not studied, the ability to Perform unpredictable maneuvers To avoid being shot down. However, with the ability of this algorithm described to read even the most subtle movements of a combat plane and predict their trajectory with millimeter precision, human pilots could be very close to losing their last tactical advantage and opportunity to overcome machines in a contest. The drones They started the change In real fighting, now it seems that the completely autonomous war is one step closer. Image | Vidmulia, Pexels In Xataka | One of China’s best saved secrets comes to light: it presents its new J-35a hunt, American F-35 rival In Xataka | The secret of Chinese fighter pilots is a very particular technique of the Song dynasty: qigong

For five years we have tried to decipher a television signal that came from the sky. The mystery has been resolved

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The news for the year in the cosmos has a name and surname: 2024 YR4, that asteroid whose probabilities of impact on Earth do nothing but up. But thousands of kilometers from our planet continue to happen fascinating events. Without going very far, X -ray telescopes have just revealed A superstructure of more than one billion light years. There are more, because for five years astronomers had been looking for a response to a television signal that came from space. The enigma has just been resolved. The mystery of the signals. For five years, astronomers who analyzed the data of the Murchison Widefield Array radio in Western Australia found an unexpected enigma: A television signal from heaven. Since the telescope is located in A radioelectric silence zone Designated to avoid human interference in radioastronomy, the detection of said signal was particularly disconcerting for the community. Even more strange was the fact that the signal It seemed to move through the skywhich led to all kinds of speculation about possible reflections of our own transmissions until, of course, theories about extraterrestrial activity. The answer, as almost always, It was something simpler. The discovery: airplanes. Apparently, the turning point came when Jonathan Poly, physicist at Brown University and leader of the United States research team, He had a revelation: “We said: ‘I bet the signal is being reflected in a plane’”. While this hypothesis had already raised before, no one had confirmed it with certainty. To check it, the equipment used advanced signal processing techniques, as close field corrections and beam formationwith which they managed to better focus close sources of interference. What happened? That the analysis revealed that The reflected signal corresponded to the Channel 7 frequency bandan Australian digital television station. Perhaps more important than that, the calculations on the altitude and speed of the reflective object indicated that It was a plane in full phase of cruiseflying at 11.7 kilometers of altitude at a speed of 792 km/h, data that coincide with the usual characteristics of a commercial flight. A problem for astronomy. As indicated in your recently published studythis type of interference represents a serious problem for astronomers, since Contamin the data and can force the elimination of large amounts of valuable information. According to Jade Chucharmefrom Brown University, “It’s like trying to listen to a friend whispering on the other side of the table while a child screams in your ear.” In this way, every time a television signal is reflected in a plane, It overlaps cosmic waves That astronomers seek to analyze, which can make large sets of observations must be ruled out. Not just that. As they underline, the team’s discovery is key to Develop interference elimination methodswhich will allow filtering these reflexes without losing important astronomical information. However, the problem is not limited to airplanes: satellites in orbit represent an even greater threat. Are we too loud on earth for astronomy? It is the big question that slides from the finding. The number of satellites in orbit It is still increasingwhich aggravates the problem of radio interference. Although scientists are improving data filtering techniques, some begin to question whether planet Earth himself remains adequate place for radioastronomy. According to poor“If we cannot find a silent sky on earth, maybe the earth is no longer the indicated place.” Be that as it may, some astronomers have begun to consider The possibility of moving radioastronomy to spacewith projects that propose the installation of telescopes in the hidden face of the moon, where the terrestrial interference would be minimal. In that sense, the discovery of Poly and his team not only solves a five -year mystery, but also marks a crucial step for the preservation of radioastronomy in an era where electromagnetic pollution is a growing problem. With the advancement of technology, the struggle between the exploration of the cosmos and the signs generated by the human being could define the future of astronomy. Unfortunately for believers, no one was watching TV in space. Image | Pexels, Nara In Xataka | X -ray telescopes have revealed an unimaginable object: a superstructure of more than one billion light years In Xataka | The impact probability of asteroid 2024 YR4 has risen to 3.1% (1 of 32): why the UN waiting for May to act

The biggest problem of Perovskita’s solar panels was its durability. China has just resolved it

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The University of Beijing has just presented the most forceful advance of Perovskita cells in terms of durability, so far the greatest weak point of technology that promises to conquer solar panels. The news. A team of researchers has designed a Perovskita cell with a 24%efficiency, similar to that of the best silicon solar panels, than maintains 99% of its performance after 1,100 hours of operation at extreme temperatures. The context. Perovskita cells are The most promising technology to generate solar energy at low cost. Perovskitas have a crystalline structure that absorbs sunlight in a very efficient waybut unlike silicon cells, they can be manufactured through simple processes, with cheaper materials, and in flexible films. There are already commercial solar panels of Perovskita and have begun to be installed on a large scale, especially in complicated lands of Chinabut their least stability and durability prevents them from competing with silicon in other facilities, even when they are manufactured in tandem with the semiconductor to improve their performance. The problem. One of the key components of Perovskita cells, the formamidinium and lead iodide (FAPBI₃), is difficult to stabilize at room temperature and tend to degrade when it is exposed to sunlight for long periods. Which, for a solar panel, is … inopportune. FAPBI₃ degradation causes Perovskita solar cells to lose efficiency rapidly (they convert less amount of light into electricity) and are not viable to compete with silicon panels, which last 30 years. The solution. To overcome this obstacle, a laboratory from the University of Beijing has invented A new “intercalation-decalation” technique of iodinewhich consists of inserting iodine atoms into the structure of the FAPBI₃ to help better organize its components, and then eliminate the excess iodine during the heating process. The key is to facilitate the formation of lead and iodine blocks, whose atoms are joined by sharing corners in the structure of Perovskita. By favoring this configuration, the mobility of the ions is reduced that, otherwise, would contribute to the degradation of the material over time. Iodine acts as a stabilizer that improves the internal cohesion of the cell. The results. This method allowed researchers to obtain a high quality Perovskita movie, without waste that may compromise their performance. The cells that developed have an energy conversion efficiency of 24%: almost a quarter of the solar energy that affects them is transformed into electricity. But the most important thing is that they maintained 99% of their initial performance after operating for more than 1,100 hours at about 85 ° C, which is a very encouraging indicative of its durability and potential long -term use. As for lead. Lead concerns its toxicity, but today it is an essential component in the Perovskita formula: it contributes significantly to its ability to absorb light and turn it into electricity, so that commercially viable cells contain lead. However, solutions are also being investigated To eliminate it. Goodbye to defects. In addition to the one at hand, other laboratories are explored complementary solutions to eliminate defects, such as the integration of molybdenum disulfide layers (MOS₂) In the structure of the cells, which act as physical and chemical barriers, blocking the migration of those defective ions that can deteriorate performance. Both the technique of iodine and that of the MOS₂ point to the same: achieve a pure and stable perovskita that can work optimally and lasting. And convert the “great promise” of solar panels into a commercial reality. Image | Huansun In Xataka | In 2009, Perovskita’s solar panels wasted 97% of energy. Now they are ready to conquer the industry

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