quantum

Scientists have a new very powerful tool to fight Alzheimer’s and Parkinson: quantum computers

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To solve most of the problems that scientists expect to be able to address in the future with Quantum computers capable of amending their own mistakes, such as optimization, those in the field of cryptography or artificial intelligenceit will be necessary have several million cubits. It can even, that hundreds of millions of cubits. The most advanced quantum processor currently IBM has itand it has just over a thousand cubits, so it is evident that many technological challenges remain that it is necessary to solve. The interesting thing is that there is no single way to go through this path. Organizations that are investigating in the field of quantum computing work in several different cubits technologiesand each of them is in a different degree of development. IBM, Intel and Google are some of the big companies that have opted for superconductor cubits, but also do so smaller ones, such as Atlantic Quantum, IQM, Anyon Systems, Rigetti Computing or Bleximo. In fact, if we stick to the number of companies that are working on this type of quantum bits it is reasonable to conclude that this is the technology that has greater support and greater investment, so, in some way, it is the one that goes in the lead. This strategy is probably what will help us to have more cubits, but it is also more prone to make mistakes than ion traps cubits, which are one of the alternatives to superconductors. In addition, these last cubits are characterized by working at a temperature of about 20 millikelvin, which are approximately -273 degrees Celsius, with the purpose of operating with the greater degree of isolation of the possible environment. Ion traps are given great proteins Ion traps are currently the main alternative to superconductor cubits. This is the technology in which they are working, among other companies, Ionq and Honeywell, and is characterized by using ionized atoms, and, therefore, with a non -neutral global electric charge. This property allows them to be isolated and confined inside an electromagnetic field, although this is only the starting point. From here Ionq acts on the quantum state of its cubits with ion traps cooling them to reduce the level of computational noise and uses lasers just then to operate with them. However, it does not use a single laser; Use one for each ionand also a global laser that acts on all of them simultaneously. Honeywell also uses ionized and laser atoms, but the procedure used to establish the intertwining between two ions and act on them with a laser is different from that used by Ionq. For scientists it is crucial to understand the folding of proteins that triggers Alzheimer’s or Parkinson Parkinson Precisely a team of researchers from this last company and the German emerging company specialized in quantum quantum computing To do something amazing: Solve protein folding problems with up to 12 amino acids. To carry it out they designed a quantum optimization method that seeks to find the optimal configuration of protein folding. Expressed in this way it seems complex, and it is, but the really important thing, and with what is worth it, it is that these quantum computers thanks to the appropriate algorithm are able to help scientists Understand the protein folding mechanism that triggers diseases such as Alzheimer’s or the Parkinson. And understand this phenomenon well is the first step towards the elaboration of effective treatment. This result is very promising, but there is still a lot of work to do so that quantum computers help us in front of these diseases. On the one hand, folding models must evolve to be more reliable and realistic. And, in addition, the classic algorithm that is responsible for refining the results delivered by the quantum algorithm should be more precise. Even so, the work of these researchers is an exceptionally promising starting point. Image | Ionq More information | Arxiv In Xataka | Quantum computers threaten encryption technologies. This is the reason why we do not have to panic

Quantum computers threaten encryption technologies. This is the reason why we do not have to panic

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This month is being very exciting for enthusiasts who follow up the current Quantum computers. Xanadu, a young Canadian company founded in 2016, has announced that Plan to have ready before 2030 A quantum computer of one million photonic ulna with error correction. However, it is not the only company that intends to make this milestone come true. IBM plans to make available to its customers in 2029 ‘Starling’its first large -scale quantum computer endowed with the ability to amend your own mistakes. The main problem facing quantum computers in the field of error correction is noise, understood as the disturbances that can alter the internal state of the cubits and introduce calculation errors. In any case, if finally the correction of errors comes to fruition the prototypes of quantum computers that we have currently will leave behind their status of prototypes and allow us to face really significant problems. And presumably Bitcoin encryption and other cryptocurrencies will fall. We are facing a worrying challenge Quantum computer experts have known for several years that quantum computers They will end classical cryptography. That moment came in May 2024. A team of researchers from the University of Shanghai (China) led by Professor Wang Chao used a quantum computer D-Wave for I successfully violate the SPN encryption (Substitation-Permutation Network), which is a cryptographic algorithm that is used to encrypt information. This encryption is the cornerstone of, for example, the AES standard (Advanced Encryption Standard), which is used a lot. These scientists published the result of their research in An interesting article entitled “Public Cryptographic Attack Algorithm based on quantum processing with the advantage of D-Wave”. However, this is not all. And it is that in the middle of May several Google researchers They published an entry In the blog dedicated to the security of this American company in which they support a crucial premise: an integer RSA (Rivest – Shamir – Adleman) of 2,048 bits can factor in less than a week with a quantum computer of less than one million cubits. An RSA integer of 2,048 bits can be factor in less than a week with a quantum computer of less than one million cubits Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana and the other modern cryptocurrencies use a cryptography technique known as elliptical curve that is more robust, efficient and difficult to break than RSA, but its mathematical foundations are similar to those of the latter encryption algorithm. In fact, according to Google scientists signed by the article that I have mentioned above, if the future quantum computers will cost them less than initially breaking the RSA encryption, the cryptography of elliptical curve will also fall with relative ease. So far we have talked about cryptocurrencies, but it is crucial that we do not overlook that encryption technologies have a fundamental role in our daily lives. In fact, WhatsApp and Telegram use them to encrypt our messages; Banks turn to them to Protect our transactions And every time we buy something on the Internet, it is the encryption that is responsible for protecting our credit card information. These are just some of the applications of this technology. Keith Martin, professor of the Information Security Group at the University of London (England), has published in The conversation An interesting article in which it addresses this topic. And it reminds us of something important: the threat of quantum computers to encryption technologies is very real, but we have no reason to panic because many researchers have been working on the solution to this challenge for several years. In fact, most of the theoretical work is already done. In 2024 the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) of the United States published an initial set of standards that includes a post -mecuantic keys exchange mechanism and several postcuantic digital signature schemes. The work that is already done invites us to anticipate that at the time the relevant quantum computers appear from a cryptographic point of view Technologies will already be ready They will be able to protect our information. And in all likelihood these techniques will also be in the hands of quantum computers, such as Juan José García Ripoll holdsResearcher at the Institute of Fundamental Physics of the Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC). Image | IBM More information | The conversation In Xataka | China manufactures quantum computers as if it were life in it. Its best plant is capable of producing eight at the same time

The first quantum computer with error correction already has date. It is close and will be 20,000 times more powerful than the current

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It seems that in the end Israeli mathematician Gil Kalai was wrong. This professor at Yale University has been very critical for several years with Quantum computing. In fact, he argues that the increase in the number of states of quantum systems and their complexity will cause They end up behaving like classic computersso the superiority of the former will end up evaporating. It defends, in short, that totally functional quantum computers They will never arrive. However, we currently have very solid reasons to anticipate otherwise. And there are several companies that ensure that they will have a quantum machine equipped with the ability to amend your own mistakes Before I expire this decade. These computers will be very important because they will presumably have the ability to solve a very wide range of problems with which not even the most powerful classic supercomdators available can deal. Just a week ago we told you that Xanadu, a young Canadian company founded in 2016, Plan to have ready before 2030 A quantum computer of one million phototonic ulna with error correction. However, it is not the only company that intends to make this milestone come true. IBM plans to make available to its customers in 2029 ‘Starling’, its first large -scale quantum computer equipped with the ability to amend their own mistakes. It will execute 20,000 times more operations than current quantum computers IBM is going to build The quantum computer ‘Starling’ in a new data center that will be housed in Paughkeepsie, New York (USA). This machine will bring together 200 logical cubits that, in theory, will allow you to execute 100 million quantum operations. Logical cubits represent a way to overcome the difficulty involved in the use of hardware or physical cubits, which are extremely noise sensitive, and, therefore, prone to make mistakes. Each logical ul Each logical cubit is constructed abstractly on several physical or hardware cubits, so that a single logical cubit encodes a single cubit of quantum information, but with redundancy. It is precisely this redundancy that allows detect and correct errors that are present in physical cubits. Until very recently the number of hardware cubits that was necessary to implement a single logical cubit immune to errors was impracticable, but IBM says it has found the solution to this problem. Their engineers have published two very interesting technical articles in which they develop the strategy they will use to bring to fruition their large -scale quantum computer and error correction. In the first These articles explain what procedure will continue to process instructions and execute operations in an efficient way. AND In the second They describe how they will decode the information that physical cubits contain in an efficient way, and also what strategy they will use to identify and correct real -time errors using conventional computational resources. As I mentioned a few lines above, IBM says that ‘Starling’ will be ready in 2029, but before its arrival this company expects to reach other important milestones. At the end of 2025 ‘Quantum Loon’ will prove the technology used to connect cubits to a larger distance Within a single chip. In 2026 ‘Kookaburra’ it will be the first IBM modular processor designed to store and process coded information. In 2027 ‘Cockatoo’ will arrive to demonstrate that it is possible to intertwine two ‘Kookaburra’ modules, and, consequently, that it is viable to connect several quantum chips such as nodes of a larger platform. And finally, after ‘Starling’ will arrive ‘Blue Jay’, which will bring together 2,000 logical cubits that, in theory, will allow you to execute 1 billion quantum operations. Image | IBM More information | IBM In Xataka | Bitcoin encryption and other cryptocurrencies will fall. And those responsible will be quantum computers

Bitcoin encryption and other cryptocurrencies will fall. And those responsible will be quantum computers

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Experts Quantum computing They have known for several years that quantum computers will end classical cryptography. One of them, Juan José García Ripoll, a researcher at the Institute of Fundamental Physics of the Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) who develops his research activity within the quantum information group and foundations of quantum theory, He warned us During the conversation we had with him in October 2019. That moment arrived in May 2024. A team of researchers from the University of Shanghai (China) led by Professor Wang Chao used a D-Wave quantum computer for I successfully violate the SPN encryption (Substitation-Permutation Network), which is a cryptographic algorithm that is used to encrypt information. This encryption is the cornerstone of, for example, the AES standard (Advanced Encryption Standard), which is used a lot. These scientists published the result of their research in An interesting article entitled “Public Cryptographic Attack Algorithm based on quantum processing with the advantage of D-Wave”. Interestingly, Professor Wang Chao and his team used two strategies to carry out their attack on cryptographic algorithms. The first one consists of broad strokes to deliver to the quantum computer the combination of an optimization problem and another search. Quantum machines are very effective when solving these challenges. And the second strategy consists in combining Schnorr’s algorithm, Babai rounding and a quantum method of optimization. In any case, the most interesting thing is that these Chinese scientists concluded that AES-256 and other military degree encryption algorithms are closer than ever to be violated. Google says that quantum machines will break the encryption of cryptocurrencies During my conversation with Juan José García Ripoll I did not let the opportunity to ask what would happen when quantum computers were able to violate the most advanced encryption technologies we currently use. “In principle, quantum computers will make the encryption algorithms that we use. For this reason there is a research area in mathematics and cryptography: cryptography resistant to quantum computers. It is a very difficult field of work. The alternative to the fact that many codes can break with quantum computers is to use quantum systems for cryptography,” Ripoll holds. An RSA integer of 2,048 bits can be factor in less than a week with a quantum computer of less than one million cubits The course of time has proved him right. And it is that several Google researchers less than a week ago They published an entry In the blog dedicated to the security of this American company in which they support a crucial premise: an integer RSA (Rivest – Shamir – Adleman) of 2,048 bits can factor in less than a week with a quantum computer of less than one million cubits. One of the most advanced quantum processors that currently exist, IBM Condor Chipagglutina 1,121 superconductor cubits, so it is evident that we still do not have quantum machines with the necessary power to violate RSA encryption. However, they could be ready before we suspect. The quantum machine described by Google researchers use noisy cubits, and IBM’s official itinerary argues that ‘Starling’, its first quantum hardware endowed with the ability to correct their own mistakes, It will arrive in 2029. Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana and the other modern cryptocurrencies use a cryptography technique known as elliptical curve that is more robust, efficient and difficult to break than RSA, but its mathematical foundations are similar to those of the latter encryption algorithm. In fact, according to Google scientists signed by the article that I have mentioned above, if the future quantum computers will cost them less than initially breaking the RSA encryption, the cryptography of elliptical curve will also fall with relative ease. It is still not clear What capabilities will have to have quantum machines which will be able to violate this encryption technique, but According to a research group from Kent University (United Kingdom), Bitcoin can update the encryption of the entire network without “turning it off” in approximately ten months. Image | IBM More information | Google In Xataka | China manufactures quantum computers as if it were life in it. Its best plant is capable of producing eight at the same time

The possibility that quantum entanglement rewrites gravity is the most shocking thing that physics proposes us

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In the exotic world of Quantum physics There are probably few strangest phenomena than entanglement. This quantum mechanism does not have an equivalent in classical physics, and is that the state of the quantum systems involved, which can be two or more, It is the same. This means that these objects, in reality, are part of the same systemeven if they are physically separated. In fact, the distance does not matter. If two particles, objects or systems are intertwined through this quantum phenomenon, when we measure the physical properties of one of them we will be instantly conditioning the physical properties of the other system with which it is intertwined. Even if it is on the other tip of the universe. It sounds for science fiction, it is true, but however strange and surprising that this phenomenon seems empirically proven. In fact, it is, together with the overlap of states, one of the fundamental principles of Quantum computing. This study suggests that gravity is a consequence of quantum information A way of defining quantum gravity requires observing it as the theory of physics that aspires to unify gravity as described The General Theory of Relativity of Einstein and quantum mechanics. It is, in short, a theory of all that attempts to explain what are the mechanisms that lead the behavior of gravity in the scale of subatomic particles. The problem is that so far gravity as we understand it from Einstein It only works well in the macroscopic world with which we are familiar. Physicists have been trying to clarify the relationship between gravity and quantum physics. In this context there is no doubt that each new contribution counts, and the one made One of the most surprising How many have emerged in recent years. And is that what he proposes in the scientific article he has published in Annals of Physics It is objectively revolutionary. Neukart argues that quantum interlocation has the ability to directly condition the geometry of the space-time continuum Its text raises the possibility that gravity is not a fundamental force, but the result of the way quantum information in the universe is organized. The reason why I have dedicated the first lines of this article to quantum interlacing is that Neukart argues that this phenomenon has the ability to condition directly The geometry of the space-time continuum. This means that gravity could be the result not only of the curvature that propitiate objects with mass or energy in space-time, but also of quantum interlocation. To reach this conclusion, this scientist has developed Einstein’s equations by adding a variable that represents quantum information. The effects of their prediction are so tiny that They are currently undetectable From an experimental point of view, but there is the possibility, if finally Neukart’s theory is confirmed, that their theoretical framework helps cosmologists to better understand the extreme phenomena that take place, for example, in The interior of black holes. In addition, this physicist suggests that quantum entanglement could explain where the value of the cosmological constant comes from. A form not quite precise but affordable to understand what this constant is is to observe it as a uniform and continuous force that stretches the space that contains everything. Anyway, Neukart’s theoretical proposal has several limitations that we should not overlook. On the one hand its effects are presumably noticeable only near the Planck scale. And, in addition, it does not solve the quantum gravity, of which we have spoken a few lines above. Even so, this proposal is very interesting for a reason: it suggests that, in reality, the space-time continuum It could be a manifestation of quantum information which contains the universe, so it invites physicists to address new lines of research. Image | Xataka with Dall-e More information | Annals of Physics In Xataka | The CMS experiment of the CERN has signed up an order: it has measured a crucial parameter of the standard model

The MIT has just placed us closer to the great milestone in quantum computers: error correction

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The rapid development you are experiencing Quantum computing He is gradually dismantling the opinions that question the potential of this discipline. One of the biggest challenges to those who face is the need for quantum computers to be able to amend your own mistakesand three different studies defend how close we are to achieve. A Australian quantum research group, another Dutch and a third Japanese team published in Nature In January 2022 as many scientific articles in which they explain in detail the procedure they used to put superconductor cubits that have precision greater than 99%. When errors are so rare it is much easier to correct them. In the other saucer of the balance, Gil Kalai remains erect, an Israeli mathematician and teacher at Yale who He has predicted that quantum computers will never be able to amend their mistakes. According to this researcher, the increase in the number of states of quantum systems and their complexity will cause them to end up behaving like classical computers, so the superiority of the former will end up evaporating. The MIT has taken a firm step forward Before we investigate the achievement of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute (Mit) It is worth briefly reviewing what one of the companies that is contributing the most contributing to the development of quantum computers: IBM has achieved in the field of errors. The itinerary that published in December 2023 He anticipated that before the end of 2024, the Heron (5K) platform endowed with error mitigation would be ready. And this company He fulfilled his promise. The main problem facing quantum computers in the field of error correction is noise, understood as the disturbances that can alter the internal state of the cubits and introduce calculation errors. The strategy for which many of the research groups that are involved in the development of quantum computers are opting for monitoring the operations carried out by the cubits for Identify real -time errors and correct them. The problem is that from a practical point of view this strategy is very challenging. The mitigation of errors allows the cubits to carry out their calculations even if they have errors and only at the end of the process it is inferred what the correct result is However, there is an alternative path. It is known as ‘error mitigation’, and, very broadly speaking, instead of monitoring in real time what happens in the cubits allows them to carry out their calculations even if they have errors and only at the end of the process it is inferred what the correct result is. This technique is already delivering very promising results. In fact, this characteristic is what allows the quantum processor to argue the other quantum chips developed by IBM so far. What MIT researchers propose in the article in the article that they have published in Nature Communications It is a different approach to the correction of errors. In fact, in their text they describe how they have achieved Attach artificial atoms and photons with the purpose of using this mechanism to process quantum information at a higher speed than the prototypes of current quantum machines. This peculiar type of coupling between light and matter can be used to make very robust cubits and capable of processing information up to ten times faster than a quantum processor such as those currently available. Yufeng Ye, the main author of this article, He maintains that “This technology would eliminate one of the bottlenecks of quantum computers. It is usually necessary to measure the results of the calculations between error correction rounds.” In this statement this scientist has done something very important: he has established a relationship between the strong coupling of light and matter that can presumably be used to produce a new type of cubits and error correction. “This strategy could accelerate the moment in which we will reach quantum tolerant to failures and we can develop real applications with practical value,” says Ye. It sounds really good, although we should not overlook that what these scientists have done at the moment is a demonstration of fundamental physics. The challenge from now on is to bring this technology to practice. Image | IBM More information | Nature Communications In Xataka | We already touched the quantum internet with the tip of the fingers. This German experiment is a successful

Japan has just been put in the career of quantum computers. And he has done it with his own technology

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China and the US are the countries that are dedicating more resources to the development of Quantum technologies. And also those who are reaching The most relevant achievements. However, no advanced country can afford to remain out of a technology with An indisputable rupturist potential in the medium term. In this field Japan is adopting a discreet position, but its contributions, although they are not as numerous as those of the other two countries that I have mentioned in this paragraph, are also very important. In 2023 a group of researchers from the Riken Center for Quantum Computing, in Japan, led by Professor Keisuke Fujii He devised a very advanced algorithm which dramatically reduces the computational complexity of some quantum procedures. His work was published in the scientific journal Physical Reviewand even today is the best available tool to efficiently reproduce the atomic level interactions that take place in some complex materials. The protocol designed by these Japanese scientists manages to deal with temporary evolution operators in a much more efficient way than the technique used so far, which is known as trotterization. In broad strokes these operators are numbers matrices that describe the very complex interactions that take place in quantum materials. In addition, the algorithm devised by Fujii and his colleagues is a hybrid solution that combines quantum and classic protocols, and has the ability to allow relatively simple quantum computers, such as those we have now, face very complicated problems. The Riken and Fujitsu center have made a quantum computer of 256 cubits Today, just a few hours ago, the Riken Center for Quantum Computing and Fujitsu They have announced which have developed in a joint project a superconductor quantum computer equipped with 256 cubits. A priori may not seem like a great achievement if we are in mind that IBM already has a condora superconductor quantum processor of 1,121 cubits, and also The Heron platform (5k) endowed with error mitigation. And the China Telecom Quantum Group (CTQG) and the Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have developed The Xiaohong quantum processor of 504 superconductor cubits. One of the most attractive assets of this quantum computer is that it allows efficient to scale the number of cubits However, the implementation of this Japanese machine deserves to be considered an undoubted success if we take into account that it uses technologies developed entirely in Japan. It does not use the hardware designed by IBM or Intel, which is what some research centers disseminated by Europe have done. One of the most attractive tricks of this Japanese quantum computer is that it allows Efficient scalar the cubits number No need to completely redesign all the architecture of the machine. In addition, the dilution cooling system used is, according to Fujitsu, more efficient than the solutions usually used in other quantum computers. This statement is credible because this 256 cubits machine works properly with the same cooling unit as the previous 64 -cubites quantum computer of the Riken center. It sounds very good. However, this is not all. The plan of the creators of this quantum machine is to have a computer of 1,000 cubits ready in 2026. If Japan get it, it will be placed in this field just one step from the US and China. Image | Fujitsu More information | Fujitsu In Xataka | Physicists believed that this quantum phenomenon was impossible. They were very wrong

Physicists believed that this quantum phenomenon was impossible. They were very wrong

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This appointment of Richard FeynmanNobel Prize in Physics for their contributions to quantum electrodynamics and one of the most admired scientists of the twentieth century, condenses very well The complexity of quantum physics: “If you think you understand it, you don’t really understand quantum physics.” Quantum mechanics study the laws that govern The world of the very smallof the particles, as well as the interactions to which the atomic and subatomic structures are exposed. Most of these rules are radically different from the laws we have become familiar with in the world in which we live. In the macroscopic world. Many physicists have spent the last century trying to understand how known quantum phenomena work, and also striving to identify unknown quantum rules. The problem is that working with the extremely small, with the particles, is very difficult. However, this does not mean that they are not successful. To hunt and capture the elusive transition of super -artedia Physicists Klaus Hepp and Elliott H. LIEB predicted in 1973 a quantum phenomenon known as super -transiant phase transition. For more than half a century the scientific community has worked out without success to find evidence to protect the existence of this mechanism beyond mere theory. But everything changed on April 4. That day a group of researchers from Rice University, in Texas (USA); the University of Shanghai (China); NASA’s National Laboratory (USA) or the National University of Singapore, among other scientific institutions, published an article in Scienceadvances in which he explains the procedure he has used to experimentally observe this quantum phenomenon so elusive. Understanding what is the transition of super -transiant phase and all its implications is not simple, but we can get a rather precise idea about what this mechanism consists of if we observe it as a sudden change in a particle system that causes many of them begin to behave in a coordinated way. When this phenomenon does not occur, atoms interact in a weak way and behave in a disorganized way, but when the super -artary phase transition arises, they synchronize and exhibit the same behavior, giving rise to a new state of matter. When the super -transiant phase transition arises the atoms are synchronized and exhibit the same behavior The most surprising thing is that this new state gives the material unusual properties from a macroscopic point of view. The researchers who have mentioned some lines above have managed to carry out the first direct observation of this mechanism. And they have succeeded by triggering the transition in a glass composed of erbium, iron and oxygen subjected to a temperature of −271.7 degrees Celsius. In addition, they exposed it to a magnetic field of no less than 7 teslas, so it was more than 100,000 times more intense than the magnetic field of the Earth. What they pursued was to induce the transition of super -transiant phase by coupling the spin of the particles. And they succeeded. The spin is an intrinsic property of The elementary particleslike the electric charge, derived from its time of angular rotation. The first experimental evidence that endorsed its existence It arrived in 1922 Thanks to the experiments of German physicists Otto Stern and Walther Gerlach, although scientists did not begin to understand the nature of this very important property of elementary particles until a few years later. The reason why it is not easy to understand precisely what the spin is because it is a quantum phenomenon, so it is not quite correct to describe it as a conventional rotation movement in space. Even so, the description that I have proposed in the previous paragraph is usually used for a didactic purpose because it helps us to intuit without too much effort what we are talking about. In any case, the most interesting thing is that the transition of super -transiant phase opens the door to the next generation of quantum technologies. This is the really important thing. According to physicists involved in this experiment, this mechanism can be used to put quantum sensors endowed with a much higher sensitivity than those currently available. And it can also be used to produce more robust cubits for Quantum computers. Sounds good. I hope your predictions are fulfilled. Image | Generated by Xataka with Dall-e More information | Scienceadvances In Xataka | CERN has achieved something unprecedented: transform smartphones sensors into an antimatter chamber

After triumphing with its chips for AI, Nvidia has set another disruptive technology: quantum computers

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Nvidia’s bet for Quantum computers It is less and less shy. Jensen Huang, the co -founder and general director of this company, has announced A few hours ago at its annual developer conference that will open a laboratory expressly dedicated to Quantum computing research. It will be housed in Boston (Massachusetts) and will allow NVIDIA engineers to work side by side with the researchers at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Technology Institute (MIT). It will begin operating at the end of 2025. This strategic movement puts on the table with absolute clarity that Huang does not want to stay out of technology that will presumably cause a medium -term disruption. The most curious thing is that before formalizing the implementation of its new quantum technologies development laboratory, this executive has not let out the opportunity to retract. At the beginning of last January A few statements They caused a very abrupt fall of the actions of some of the companies that are dedicated to the development of quantum computers. “If you said 15 years you would probably be optimistic. And if you said 30 you would be pessimistic. But if you opt for 20 years I think many of us would believe it,” Jensen Huang argued At that time. With this reflection I tried to predict when the really useful quantum machines will be ready, and, therefore, capable of dealing with a very wide range of problems. But he has changed his mind. Just two and a half months later seems to be convinced that fully functional quantum computers will be ready much earlier. With the correction of errors of quantum computers in the spotlight Nvidia flirting with quantum computers is not really new. And is that He has been collaborating for more than two years With the Israeli company Quantum Machines. This company specialized in the development of hardware and software for quantum machines, and has been ready with NVIDIA a low -performance and high performance architecture that seeks to promote the progress of quantum computing. DGX quantum seeks to help researchers who work in the field of quantum computing to develop new quantum algorithms NVIDIA has contributed its CPU/GPU grace hopper system, a beast that is designed to execute applications of artificial intelligence and offer productivity at high performance computer scenarios, and also its open source programming model CUDA QUANTUM. His partner in this project, Quantum Machines, has been in charge of the integration and set -up of a quantum platform that, according to these two companies, is specifically designed to work in hybrid systems in which classical hardware and quantum coexist in harmony. The purpose of the DGX Quantum platform, which is what is called the hardware that these two companies have developed, is to help researchers who work in the field of quantum computing to develop new quantum algorithms. It may seem surprising that it is possible to use classic hardware to develop quantum algorithms, but it is something perfectly viable. In fact, this strategy helps to put quantum computing within the reach of many more researchers who can implement and test their ideas without having access to a quantum computer prototype. However, the DGX quantum platform also serves, according to NVIDIA, to calibrate quantum systems, control them, and even aspires to have a prominent role in the tuning of a correction system that allows quantum computers amend your own mistakes. Jensen Huang emphasized this idea during his GTC 2023 conference, and there is no doubt that It is a very attractive possibility. Extraordinarily attractive. And is that, As Ignacio Cirac explained to us In the conversation we had with him, the correction of errors will give us the opportunity to solve with quantum computers really significant problems. Image | Nvidia More information | Reuters | SCMP In Xataka | Quantum computers find it impossible to do nothing. It is a mystery that has scientists on alert

MIT has measured for the first time the geometry of electrons in the quantum world

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The paths of quantum physics are inscrutable. In my opinion this appointment of Richard FeynmanNobel Prize in Physics for their contributions to quantum electrodynamics and one of the most admired scientists of the twentieth century, condenses very well The complexity of this discipline: “If you think you understand quantum physics, you don’t really understand quantum physics.” Quantum mechanics study the laws that govern The world of the very smallof the particles, as well as the interactions to which the atomic and subatomic structures are exposed. Most of these rules are radically different from the laws we have become familiar with in the world in which we live. In the macroscopic world. Many physicists have spent the last century trying to understand how known quantum phenomena work, and also striving to identify unknown quantum rules. The problem is that working with the extremely small, with the particles, is very difficult. However, this does not mean that they are not successful. He Mit (Massachusetts Technological Institute) has just been a bit very important. Physicists now better understand the quantum properties of the materials A group of MIT researchers has managed to measure accurately at the quantum level the geometry of electrons in solid materials. Expressed in this way it does not seem much, but it is a very relevant discovery. Until now, physicists had managed to measure the energy and speed acquired by these elementary particles in crystalline materials, but not their geometry at the quantum level. According to Riccardo CominProfessor of Physics at the MIT and leader of this research, “this discovery allows us to understand and manipulate the quantum properties of the materials.” Quantum geometry allows physicists to determine the geometric characteristics of the wave function Before moving forward we are interested in briefly investigating the concept of ‘quantum geometry’ to be able to understand with some precision what we are talking about. Its purpose is to describe the structure of a quantum system such as the forming, for example, by The interaction of electrons In a solid material. In practice this knowledge serves to elaborate a map that describes the probability of finding an electron in a given position. Rigorously this “map” is known as wave function. However, this is not all. Quantum geometry also allows physicists to determine the geometric characteristics of the wave function. This simply means that with this information you can know how precisely the electrons behave in a material and to what extent their properties condition. Quantum geometry helps scientists, in short, to predict the behavior of materials and design new elements or combinations of elements that can be used in aeronautics, Quantum computing or robotics, among many other disciplines. Riccardo Comin assures that “in essence we have done is to develop a plan to obtain completely new information (about the materials) that until now could not be collected.” And Mingu Kang, another of the physicists who have signed the article published in Nature Physics, duck That “this knowledge It can be applied to any type of quantum material“. The technique that these scientists have used to develop their strategy is known as photo emission spectroscopy resolved at an angle. In broad strokes it is an experimental procedure that serves to study the electronic structure of materials in a thorough way and know their fundamental properties. Image | Generated by Xataka with Ia More information | Nature Physics In Xataka | The CERN has an ambitious plan: it wants to demolish the special theory of Einstein’s relativity

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