places

one million places less for Aena’s rates

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The Irish airline returns to the load announcing a drastic reduction of its operation in Spain for the winter season. The company will eliminate a million places in regional airports and cancel 36 direct routes, in a new escalation of its conflict with AENA for airport rates. The toughest blow. Ryanair will completely close his operations base in Santiago de Compostela, where he maintained two aircraft, and will suspend all flights to Vigo since January 2026 and Tenerife Norte from this winter. Besides, will keep the bases of Valladolid and Jerez closedas he did during this summer. Impact on numbers. The decision supposes The loss of 1.25 million annual seats Only in Galicia, according to the company’s figures. In the Peninsula as a whole, Ryanair It will reduce its capacity in regional airports by 41% (600,000 places less) and in the Canary Islands by 10% (400,000 places less). Santiago’s closure will also imply The loss of more than 100 jobs Between pilots and cabin crew, although the airline has promised to offer transfers to other bases. Other airports in the spotlight. The cuts too They will affect significantly to Zaragoza (-45%capacity), Santander (-38%), Asturias (-16%) and Vitoria (-2%). In total, the company will cancel 36 direct connections with regional and canary destinations, diverting these flights to Italy, Morocco, Croatia and Albania. The official justification. Eddie Wilson, CEO of Ryanair, has attributed These measures to the 6.62% increase in airport rates that AENA will apply from next year. “We cannot justify a continuous investment in airports whose growth is blocked by excessive and uncommunchanting rates,” said Wilson, who encrypted in 200 million dollars the lost investment in Galicia. Aena’s answer. The airport operator He has responded Hardly, accusing Ryanair of practicing “Phariseism, bad education and blackmail.” Maurici Lucena, president of Aena, has defended that Spanish rates are “the most competitive of the European environment” and has criticized what he considers “a disturbing plutocratic conception” of the Irish company. Beyond rates. Although officially the conflict focuses on airport rates, the tension between Ryanair and the Spanish government includes other fronts, such as The fine of 109 million euros imposed by consumption by hand luggage policies, currently suspended by the courts. Galicia takes the worst part. In the specific case of Vigo, the cessation of operations will arrive after the end of the tourism promotion agreement of 1.8 million euros signed with the City Council, which has not been renewed. The Xunta de Galicia has already announced that it will request an urgent meeting of the Airport Coordination Committee to demand a change in AENA’s policy towards medium and small airports. Cover image | Wolfgang Weiser In Xataka | The airlines have taken from their passengers the right to carry a suitcase. Europe is at the doors to return it

One million less places this winter at provincial airports

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The pulse between the government and Ryanair continues to climb. After a summer in which the company had withdrawn 800,000 places from our country, it now ensures that it will withdraw a million seats available this winter. The official reason: Aena’s rates. THE OFFICIAL: THE FINE OF CONSUMPTION TO THE COMPANY. One million less. That is what Eddie Wilson, CEO of the airline, has confirmed to Europa Press. The company will eliminate a million places available during the next winter season. The definitive announcement should occur Next Wednesday, September 3. In his interview, Wilson says that the movement is because they will “invest where we can obtain a return” since, in his opinion, the government is allowing regional infrastructure “to deteriorate and underminate.” Because? The official reason that Ryanair wields is the increase in the airport rates charged by Aena. The company, which manages these spaces and provides services such as safety, cleaning and other logistics -related activities, will raise prices next March. The company wants the new rate increases by 6.5% With a maximum of 11.03 euros per passenger after the price has almost frozen a decade. This only increased (although by 4.09%) in 2024 alleging that the Ukraine War had hit its accounts. At the moment, competition has to confirm whether this increase in rates may or may not be carried out. And, despite everything, it is something that will be applied from next March but Ryanair has already repeatedly threatened With the reduction of the offer if this happened. What does Aena say? The company ensures that not all sites pay the same for the service they offer and have stressed on several occasions that their work is essential for the operation of the airport itself. Payment at Aena’s rates includesamong other services: Aena’s staff Air navigation services (such as communications or meteorological reports) Security services MAINTENANCE AND CLEANING SERVICES Attention to people with reduced mobility In addition, the company indicates that they exist Incentives so that airlines pay less where airports accumulate less offer. For example, the discount in the passenger rate with reduced mobility is 100%. In regional airports that have not recovered prepandymia traffic, the discount is 70%. And there are additional discounts for passengers who make connections or fly to the Canary Islands and Balearic Islands. There is something else. It is not only a matter of rates. Ryanair and the government also maintain a war open for the issue of hand luggage. Consumption fined the company (109 million euros)along with other airlines, because it considers that the size of the suitcase that you can transport for free is excessively small. Europe, however, seems to give the reason to the company. At the moment, the litigation continues. Last June 26, The Superior Court of Justice of Madrid suspended in a precautionary way it and from Ryanair say they have “absolute confidence that The mules will be canceled“For European justice. There is no confirmation of the latter but the truth is that The European Parliament and The European Commissionon their way to reform the regulations that affect travelers, they seem to align with Ryanair. If everything goes ahead, they should define some Minimum dimensions for this backpack/suitcase But these are aligned with those offered by the Irish company that also He has already made his own gesture of goodwill. Those indicated. Regional airports will be those that undergo the changes in Ryanair’s strategy. During the summer season we are living, the company It has already eliminated 800,000 seats from seven airports. In Jerez de la Frontera and Valladolid they have stopped operating. In Vigo, Santander, Santiago and Zaragoza and Asturias have reduced their operations to a greater or lesser extent. This frightened has directly impacted the number of flights made in these airfields. Between April and July (first four months of the summer season) they traveled 240,000 passengers less that in the same period of 2024. It remains to be seen the impact at the end of the summer season but airports such as Valladolid anda have been practically deserted. Photo | Markus Winkler In Xataka | The great secret of Ryanair’s success is that he does not earn money to fly: he does so squeezing you in everything else

More and more places begin to charge to see their tourist monuments. The last: the Mills of Holland

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Yeah Turisteaspay. As the international flow of travelers recover (or even exceeds) early levels and great destinations such as Venice, Amsterdam either Florencethey face unbalanced tourism, an idea begins to spread through the sector: if you want to know large monuments, mountains or historical helmets, you will not arrive with a plane, you pay a hotel and go to the place in person. Once there you must buy a ‘ticket’. As in a museum. Venice has been A pioneer of that philosophy, which now Go with interest Holland. What happened? That if you travel to the Netherlands it is likely that in not much time you must pay to know one of its great icons: Zaanse Schansa kind of outdoor museum of Zaanstad, Em Netherlands northern, famous for its wind mills. For years tourists come in mass (there are buses that are responsible for transporting them) to visit their historical museums, walk along their paths, enjoy their peculiar architecture and especially get out selfies. How many people do you go? Yes. Zaanstad authorities They assure That Zaanse Schans is one of the “most popular day excursions” from the Netherlands, something to which his heritage helps and how close to Amsterdam. Only the Ephting park and Rijksmuseum. After the fall of tourists during the pandemic, the authorities estimate that in 2024 the Zaense Schans attracted some 2.6 million of visitors. And there are those who warns It will soon pass the three million. What do you want to do? What the Zaanstad authorities raise is to collect an entry to tourists who want to visit Zaense Schans. His plan announced in detail in spring, in A statement in which some keys slide, such as the rate that the City Council has in mind is € 17.5, a “realistic” sum in your opinion. The idea is to pay only visitors. The neighbors of Zaanstad and WORMERLAND and certain “specific groups” may continue accessing free. Charging for access requires more than approving a rate, so Zaanstad authorities are also considering closing certain roads and trails to the public. “The Zaense Schans will no longer be freely accessible as is now”, Confirm The City Council. The idea is that you begin to demand tickets in the area already in the 2026 tourist season, although AFP needed Recently, the authorities have opened the door to a certain delay. In his release Spring, the City Council talked about the measure was still in the “preliminary” phase. And all this … why? For the massification. The authorities They assure that Zaanse Schans has become “a national symbol of excessive tourism” and warn of their effects. “The heritage and quality of life of the neighbors are at risk of being affected by mass tourism,” warns the session before remembering that the massive flow of visitors “has important consequences for security and habitability” and interferes with the maintenance of its architecture. It is nothing new. The region already raised the same dilemma in 2020, but pandemic and falling tourism during the following years prevented them from going further. “However, since 2022 the bustle has returned to its usual level. In 2024 the Zaanse Schans attracted 2.6 million visitors. That also means that all the problems caused by excessive tourism have returned,” emphasize The City Council, which recalls that the Dutch Tourism Office provides that foreign tourism in the region will grow 37% over the next few years. And what was collected? AFP Slide that the new rate would have a double effect: it would reduce the volume of visitors and especially raise millions of euros that the authorities could use for the maintenance of historical buildings. In that same idea insists the Consistory, which emphasizes that the income generated by the inputs “are necessary” to pay for the preservation of its heritage, in addition to guaranteeing “the security and quality of life” in the area. “The Zaense Schans needs urgent interventions for the preservation of all its heritage, greater security and improvements in public spaces. Nothing is not an option. Without sufficient resources, it will be lost in the short term, between five and seven years,” argues. “The volume of tourists also influences heritage: the more it is used, the more management.” Not everyone sees it the same. In fact, in the town there are who warns that the new tax will damage tourism. Why is it important? Because, beyond what it may be for Zaanse Schans or future visitors who want to enjoy their wind mills, Zaanstad’s decision connects with a much greater trend: to collect tourists who want to enjoy iconic destinations. Venice already It demands an entry of access and similar measures have been adopted (or at least discussed) in Japan to Get to Fuji and Rome to approach the Fontana di Trevi. The theme is also on the table in New Zealand for visit Its beaches and mountains. Even in Italy, farmers have begun to install lathes in the field to demand tourists to Pay a ‘toll’ If you want to cross your fields. It is not necessary to leave the country to find similar measures. Beyond the tourist rate, which It continues to expand by several regions From the country, there has also been talk of the collection for visiting certain iconic destinations. In 2024 the president of the Cabildo de Tenerife He raised An ecotasa to enjoy natural spaces. Images | Kismihok (Flickr) and Karl Paul Baldacchino (UNSPLASH) In Xataka | Cantabria promised them happy with their protected beaches. Until it became “the Magaluf del Norte”

There are people who are dedicated to moderating porn in places like chaturbate. And some are demanding for psychological trauma

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If we talk about adult content sites, Chaturbate not only has one of the most names, it is also one of the most popular free webcams platforms around the world. Today It is news Because one of its moderators has sued the company. The reason: suffers post -traumatic stress. The case. Neal Barber was hired by Bayside Support Services and Multi Media LLC, the company that owns Chaturbate, in 2020 as a “customer service risk supervisor” (moderator). His work is to review the content that is published and make sure that he meets legality. On July 22, Barber filed a lawsuit where he assures that he suffers psychological trauma for being exposed to “extreme, violent, graphic and sexually explicit content” daily. Although for now only Barber appears in the complaint, the case opens the door for other moderators hired in the last four years to join. Unprotected. Moderators are the first line of defense to stop the illegal content, which according to demand, in chaturbate often includes “child exploitation, non -consensual, violent, obscene or self -harm content.” Barber claims that chaturbate does not protect the mental health of its employees, something that is sector standard. In statements a 404 averagea chaturbate representative ensures that the company “deeply values the work of its moderators and is committed to supporting the team responsible for this fundamental work,” but does not say how they plan to do it. Consequences. Without any protection, the plaintiff developed posttraumatic stress syndrome and is currently under treatment. Being exposed daily to this content “designed to cause trauma” has resulted in, according to your lawyer, “vivid nightmares, emotional distancing, panic attacks and other symptoms compatible with post -traumatic stress disorder.” And it is not the only one. Years fighting. Content moderators have been complaining about working conditionsespecially of the impact that causes them at the psychological level, and we are not talking about adult content platforms, it occurs in soft content apps that we see every day. One of the first cases It happened in 2017when two employees of the Microsoft online security team reached the limit after watching a video of a rape and subsequent murder. In 2020 A moderator denounced YouTube And in 2021 too It happened in Tiktok. The reasons are repeated: the platforms failed to protect the mental health of their employees. At the moment, Goal faces demands in Kenya And also In Barcelona for the psychological consequences and bad working conditions. Solutions. There are already protections for moderators, but not all companies apply them. In the demand, chaturbate is accused of not including some standard practices such as “content filters, breaks for well -being, specialized advice or support systems among colleagues”. Nor do they comply with other usual practices such as putting videos on grays or silence the videos that are reproduced automatically. According to Checkstepa company dedicated to moderation, AI can also be an effective solution to reduce exposure. In addition to accelerating work, integrating advanced recognition systems, moderators can “focus on more complex cases and minimize exposure to potentially harmful material.” In Xataka | Meta follows the steps of X: we not only work writing for her, now we will also work moderating her

ASMR’s videos had become one of the most pleasant places on the Internet. Until the AI ​​arrived

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If in recent days your feeds In social networks they are full of videos in which someone, with a knife, cuts glass planets, stuffed fruits or precious metals in slices of bread, do not worry. It is the latest generation of hyperrealistic videos made with AI, and have found a reef: extremely relaxing, satisfactory images and sounds and thanks to the possibilities of artificial intelligence, also impossible. An unexpected phenomenon. The simplicity of these tiny videos and how easy it is to elaborate them with models such as I see3 have led to have multiplied exponentially in recent weeks. They are clips of just seconds, with a surreal point, in which we see a cut knife, with extraordinary cleaning, all kinds of objects. The small models of planets (usually are of glass or stone) and other glass foods triumph. The grace is that within these objects there may be any substance or surprise: lava, gelatin, flames nuclei … The AI ​​thus exploits its ability to generate hyperrealistic images, but that the viewer knows that they cannot be real. The result intrigues enough to want to know more and stay to the following video, or enter the multiple profiles that make content of this type. Why here and now. Videos take advantage of the ability to see highly realistic textures in the foreground, allowing a prompt to just five lines and a handful of key concepts Very well chosen (“Extreme Macro Perspective, Sticky Separation with Deep Glugs”, “Rich, Slow and Hypnotic” …) these types of videos are generated quickly. That is, they are multiplying at high speed because advanced technical knowledge is not necessary, everything is automatically generated, and there is room for a certain variety: With some imagination, all kinds of objects and sensations can be recreated. Accounts to start. We assure you that as soon as you see a few accounts of this type, you will not have to make more search efforts: the algorithm will take care of the rest and you will have a real avalanche of videos of this type. But if you want some clues, there are some proper names: Impossibleais (well known and followed, glass food), Sicksicee (objects of all kinds, to each more surreal), ASMR_inventory (Video games related objects) … And more: Element.Slice (elements of the periodic table, with realistic effects), Danielleleto (Spread in bread slices impossible objects), click theaii (An original variant: computer key), slice..imposeible (More absurd glass objects) … the list is endless. Where all this comes from. The ASMR (autonomous meridian sensory response) arose Like a phenomenon on the Internet As of 2007, when personal experiences began to share pleasant sensations induced by certain soft sounds and voices. The term was coined in 2010 by Jennifer Allen to describe that sense of tingling and well -being that mainly caused the whispers and soft noises. The first ASMR videos were homemade recordings, made by fans with basic equipment and an experimental approach, and the content was varied: whispers, beaten, crunch and even role -playing games and simulations of invented situations. Its success and massification allowed the subsequent emergence of technologies such as AI, which are radically transforming the way to create and consume this type of content. In fact, these ASMR of knives cutting all kinds of objects and substances are in turn changing, and we are seeing first planes of mouths and hands manipulating all kinds of textures and food, also playing with the surreal (nibbing glass or stones with lava) Exponential growth. And although we all know these videos and their original success, which gave on foot to discussions and parodies of all kinds, they have nothing to do with this new generation of ASMR created with AI, which has automated the contents and multiplied the variants. At the moment the ASMR made with ia is being sneaking into All Trends analysis of the momentand although it is finally a fleeting fashion, that should not make us forget a very important aspect of the content generated with AI: its ability to reinterpret with impossible images and concepts traditional viral materials, which may come to change completely how we consume content. In Xataka | Our concentration has broken so much that we are buying headphones with noise cancellation to be able to sleep

The “eternal chemicals” are already everywhere. And that includes one of our favorite places: Spanish wine

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The “eternal chemicals” have become a hot issue. These chemicals are widely used in a variety of contexts but their increasingly common presence in the environment worries both environmentalists and the health sector. And for now we know little about the possible impact of these substances on the health of people and in ecosystems. “Eternal” chemicals in wine. A study by the environmental association European bread(PHASE Action Network Europe) He has warned of the presence in the European wine of one of the substances we usually refer to as “eternal chemicals”: trifluoroacetic acid. PFAS and TFA. PFAS are the acronym with which we often refer to the category of perfluoroalized and polyfluoralized substances. It is a family of synthetic molecules (there are about 4,700 compounds of this type) that stand out for resistance that imbues the union between fluorine and carbon atoms. These compounds They are useful For example, in the manufacture of non -stick objects, but they can also be found in pesticides, containers or hygiene products. This is a molecular union Extremely stabledoes not react to external agents so it is extremely difficult to make these substances decompose, either by natural processes or otherwise. That is why these substances tend to accumulate in nature and, potentially, in our body. Interestingly, one of the problems with these substances is in one of the products as a result of the decomposition of the PFAS, the trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). This is precisely the “eternal chemist” on which the new study has focused. 49 wines. The analysis It began with a dozen Austrian wines of relatively old vintages and was expanding to include more recent crops and other countries. In total, 49 wines were analyzed, including at least one produced in Spain. They observed that wines prior to 1988 They did not contain traces of TFAbut that from that year the concentrations were increasing, first little by little and, as of 2010, significantly. The average concentrations in the vines of vintages between 2021 and 2024 was 122 µg/l, although peaks of up to 300 µg/l were detected. Although the phenomenon extended throughout Europe, the team indicated that Austrian wines were the most affected. Other Detail highlighted By the association it was the correlation between the concentrations of TFA and waste of synthetic pesticides. Ecological production The study of European bread He noted that ecological production wines also did not get rid of the presence of these substances, although it is true that they showed some concentrations less than those found in other wines. To what extent are a risk? Today we do not know for sure the effects of “eternal chemicals” on our health, but there are some indications that allow us to get an idea of ​​these possible effects. TFA has been linked, for example, problems for Fertility; But other compounds of this family have also been related to immune problems and even a greater risk of cancer. In Xataka | Some scientists have proposed to solve the big question: is it more “healthy” white wine or red? Image | Hermes Rivera

Internet has been trying to locate Granada places that come out in a prohibited film starring a Nazi

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“A film full of humanity without any trend.” With that overprinting phrase on the screen it starts ‘Solange du Lebst’. A “neither right -wing” manual “that, however, hides a Nazi propaganda film that did not come to be seen in Spain but, surprisingly, in Germans after World War II, where he unleashed a considerable scandal. Today is completely missing. ‘Solange du Lebst’ (in Spanish it could be translated by ‘While you live’) is the closest thing to a cursed film mixture and, at the same time, purely, propaganda. We are facing una movie comparable to which both sides of the war rolled In large quantities, each favoring yours. Those of the allied side are better known, since Hollywood He launched all his machinery so that even non -war movies such as the Westerns or the suspense cinema would insufferate the ideology that the allies were interested in propagating. On the Nazi side the Fiction and propaganda films They are less popular, however much documentaries such as ‘The triumph of the will’ have gone down in the history of cinema for the power of the propaganda imagery of Goebbels, which produced 1200 films, Many of them prohibited for decades. But films like ‘El Arrow Quex’, ‘I wait for you’, ‘President Krüger’ or ‘Kolberg’ were not as well known as their American counterparts due to their low film quality. In Spain, in fact, the laughible ‘race’, the milestone of Franco’s fiction code, than any of these. That is why it is not strange that it has not been heard about ‘Solange du Lebst’, that did not premiere in Spain and was barely seen in Germany. The producer, Eva Films (we are not going to get Nazi connotations in every detail, but well, there is the name of the producer, which she shares with that of Hitler’s couple) premiered it thanks to subterfuges as the aforementioned initial message. However, the daring to reach German screens After the Nazi defeatwhen the nation faced global ignonymy and a feeling of guilt, the country ranked, it resulted in a considerable box office failure that ruined the producer. The film disappeared from the rooms and never broadcast on television. Occasionally it has reappeared in very limited circuits, such as when it was published inadvertently in a collection of DVDs in Spain, ‘jewels of the history of cinema’. FTW Condor Legion In ‘Solange du Lebst’, a heroic and handsome pilot of the Condor Legion, the Air Force that Hitler sent to Spain to help Franco in the Civil warshe crashes into the fictional Andalusian town of Torralbán. There he will live a caste and sincere relationship with his caregiver while he remains injured and hidden in a cave, facing the fearsome international brigades who want to invade Spain and the wild Republicans who patrol the area. The film (which you can see complete, yes, in German, in the video on these lines), despite appearances, it is not a series B shot under co -production. There is a considerable media slack where, in addition, several names that would later be known internationally. The director and screenwriter Harald Reinl has an extensive filmography that arrives until 1982 and where there are from war dramas to family comedies, through ufological documentaries or literary adaptations of the classic mystery writer Edgar Wallace. The leading actress, Marianne Koch, would reach some international fame with Westerns as ‘for a handful of dollars’. The scarce scope of the film has not even given margin as to become a cult film, but its atmosphere in Spain has raised the curiosity of experts … and the locals. As The ideal newspaper accounttwo scholars carry Three years trying to unravel the mysteries of ‘Solange du Lebst’: They are Julio Grosso, professor of audiovisual communication at the University of Granada and Ralf Junkerjürgen, researcher at the University of Ratisbona. Together they decided to try which areas belonged to the locations of the film. To do this, they have been publishing in social networks photograms of the lost film and thanks to the collaboration of Internet users have located areas of Granada such as Los Arenales del Trevenque where the pilot, the old clinical hospital in San Cecilio, the Armilla Air Base, the Tablate bridge, the old road of Güéjar Sierra and El Castillo de Lácha. Purely Spanish areas that, however, did not prevent the film from being released in Spain. Why that unusual destiny? Although his argument left no doubt about his political orientation, neither this nor its atmosphere helped the film to be released in Spain. A possible reason, despite the fact that the Franco dictatorship was completely settled, is that In 1955 the regime was not interested in digging up old ghosts. The pacts of Madrid between Spain and the United States They had just signed in 1953and he was ending the international isolation to which he had submitted to the country. The last thing that interested Franco was his little Nazi propaganda. No matter how well photographed that Granada was. In Xataka | In anemic times for the box office, Spanish cinema has a hope on the horizon: the new ‘torrent’

The Atacama desert is one of the most arid places on the planet. And right there a handful of “crazy” is trying to get water out of the fog

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The oceans and seas house, According to estimates Used by the United States Geological Service (USGS), more than 96.5% of the water on our planet. In contrast, The atmosphere contains A modest 0.001% of this total. The clouds, fog and moisture of the air itself contains somewhat less than 13,000 cubic kilometers that also represent 0.04% of the planet’s fresh water. But in contexts in which the drought squeezes, each drop can count. Collecting water from the fog. A group of researchers He has successfully tested A method to obtain water from the fog. The system was able to collect between 0.2 and 5 liters of water per square meter and day. Secarral To test the method, the team responsible for the analysis resorted to the Municicpio of Alto Hospicio, located in the Atacama desert. This desert houses some of the most arid areas on the planet, in which rainfall barely reaches the annual millimeter. The city depends for its supply of the water contained in underground aquifers, but According to the team itselfthese have not been duly recharged in a period of between 10,000 and 17,000 years. The city extends rapidly and fruit of it around 10,000 of its residents live in informal settlements, almost all of them disconnected from the water supply system. “The collection and use of water, especially unconventional sources such as fog water, represents a key opportunity to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants,” explained in a press release Virginia Carter Hamberini, co -author of the study. A “new” method … A study that managed to show the potential of this technology. The team tested these mechanisms in the surroundings of the city of Alto Hospicio for a year, obtaining between 0.2 and 5 liters per square meter and day. Between August and September 2024, during the season of greatest activity, it was possible to reach up to 10 liters per square meter and day. “This research represents a notorious change in the perception of the use of water from fog, from a rural and rather small -scale solution to a practical water source for cities,” adds Carter Humberini. “Our findings show that fog can serve as a complementary source of urban water in dry areas where climate change exacerbates water deficiencies” The mechanism also has its limitations, they clarify. One of them is that its use is limited to high elevations outside the city limits. … that is not so new. The collection of fog water is not something novel, as Carter Haberini recalls, but it can be a convenient method to be climbed in a context like the present. The Fog Water Collection Appliancessuch as the one used in the study, they consist of a network through which the air loaded with moisture circulates. Part of that moisture is coupled to the fibers of the network and falls through them to a channel that leads to a deposit. The water of the deposit can thus be used in a variety of uses such as human consumption or agriculture. The details of the experiment were published In an article In the magazine Frontiers in Environmental Science. Learning lessons. The viability of fog water collection depends on the geographical characteristics of the environment: both climate and orography can affect the ability of this mechanism to provide water. These favorable conditions can occur in some areas of Spain, where already There are those who consider similar projects. In Xataka | Get drinking water with the brute force of the waves: the ambitious plan of the Canary Islands to face the drought Image | Virginia Carter Haberini

Half a year ago we discovered oxygen in one of the most remote places on the planet. Now we want to know more

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A few months ago we knew the news of the discovery of the so -called “dark oxygen.” This oxygen form has little extraordinary from the chemical point of view: these are conventional oxygen molecules. What is not conventional in this dark oxygen is its formation process. A new project. Now, the team that announced the discovery of dark oxygen has announced a new project linked to the presence of these mysterious molecules in the oceanic depths. The objective of this new project is to answer some of the questions raised after the finding, especially the question of whether this process was given in various areas of the oceanic fund. “Our discovery of dark oxygen was a change in the paradigm of our understanding of the depths of the sea and potentially of life on Earth, but threw more questions than answers,” explained in a press release Andrew Sweetman, who will lead the new project. International collaboration. The new project is the result of the cooperation of two intitions, the Japanese Nippon Foundation, in charge of financing the project with a contribution of two million pounds; and the Scottish Association for Marine Science (Sams), an institution that will lead the investigation. Dark oxygen. Let’s recap, dark oxygen? This concept was popularized last year to refer to molecular oxygen found in the depths of the oceanfar from the sun’s rays, hence the “dark” appellation. Until now, the dominant hypothesis is that oxygen is only formed on our planet through photosynthesis, a phenomenon dependent on the energy emitted by our star. The presence of oxygen in a place where photosynthesis is impossible and separate from surface marine currents, opened the search for alternative hypotheses that explained the presence of these molecules in the inhospitable environment. The response of the team responsible for the finding was in the metals that can be found in the seabed, which, according to this hypothesis they would be generating these molecules through electricity, that is, thanks to electrolysis. Verifying the hypothesis. The new project could serve to verify this theory, questioned by the mining industry, and to explore alternative hypotheses that explain the unexpected presence of oxygen in this environment. Hypothesis like that of radiolysisthat is to say the possibility that it is the radiation that, directly or indirectly, is triggering the process. The team also wants to explore if the processes that generate this dark oxygen They also release hydrogenas well as if this element is used as a source of energy by the bacterial communities that inhabit this area of ​​the ocean. In addition, the study could help us better understand the impact that climate change could have on these ecosystems. Conversations with NASA. The American space agency, NASA, has also shown interest in expanding our knowledge about dark oxygen, those responsible for the project say. “We are already in conversation with NASA experts who believe that dark oxygen could rebuild our understanding of how life is sustained on other planets without direct sunlight,” Sweetman added. Dark oxygen can also help us better understand how oxygen arose on our planet, providing us with information about the emergence of life on earth. Life and oxygen are inseparable concepts, but we do not know completely how this relationship was forged. In Xataka | When it seemed that the controversy of underwater mining was appealing, the discovery of black oxygen threatens to reactivate it Image | Biocyan Campaign

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