Spain has been leading the Mediterranean avocado for years, but now there is someone who disputes the throne: Morocco

There are always avocados in supermarkets. And no, it is not a miracle. It is globalization: Right now, the Spanish avocado season, Portuguese Moroccan is over. There is still some Israeli avocado in the market, but it is a matter of time that the shelves of the supermarkets are filled with Peruvian, Brazilian, South African or Kenyan avocados. It is the world turning without stopping. It is time to analyze that these months have passed. And there are surprises. Or maybe the word is not ‘surprises’. “They want to cry when you see this”, José Linares said just over a year agoPresident of Trops, the great Malaga producer of avocados and mangoes. It was not for less. This 2023, the subtropical coast of Granada lost almost 90% of mango and avocado crops. For its part, almost half of the billing has been lost in Malaga. 2024 did not seem to solve the situation. Above all, because one of the first relays of Spanish avocado, the Peruvian, was going to suffer in a very intense way the effects of El Niño. And then Morocco arrived. While in Spain the trees dried, Morocco had almost perfect weather conditions: dry and warm minimum winds, absence of storms and water. That, added to the increase in the cultivated area and the maturation of the trees, made Production will increase by 30,000 tons50% more than the previous campaign. That collapsed the price and hit national producers hard. Therefore, the big question is what will happen now. Above all, because there is some tranquility (even euphoria) among Spanish farmers when seeing so full swamps. However, as with the oil, everyone assumes that there are part of the consumers who will not return. How will that international balance look? In this sense, As Freshplaza collectedFrançois Bellivier de Capexo is clear. “Morocco has been very popular this year, with a very good quality campaign and products of very good quality. If Moroccan production continues on this path, and if important weather catastrophes are not produced, this origin should be done with a large part of the market in the coming years.” The Moroccan unknown. Bellivier’s conditional is not free. It is true that agriculture is A vital sector for Morocco’s economybut inevitably faces the same challenges as in Spain: shortage of water, climate change and environmental degradation. So while the Alauita country The European market floods with its productsinternal tensions They keep growing (Invisibilized by a political system unable to faithfully represent the interests of its population). Therefore, the great unknown is how long it will be able to contain the socioecological problems in the medium-long term. Something that, in full crisis of tariffs, is even more critical. Image | Gil Ndjouwou | After Moiz In Xataka | Morocco has given Israel 34,000 km² of the Atlantic for gas exploitation. The problem: they are waters in conflict with Spain

Spanish companies interested in green hydrogen have found a very succulent destination to invest: Morocco

Morocco aspires that renewable energies Represent 52% of its capacity installed in 2030. At this time its percentage is 45%so, to get to the estimated, he wants to achieve it through green hydrogen. Among the companies selected to lead this initiative are Spanish companies. The project. A Moroccan Government Committee has selected five consortiums to develop six green hydrogen projects which will allow the production of ammonia, steel and industrial fuel. The investment has reached a total of 319,000 million Dírhams (32.5 billion dollars), which includes the participation of companies from different countries, including Spain: ACCIONA and CEPSA. This meeting enters within the framework of the “offer of Morocco”, where these works will take place in the three provinces of southern Morocco, which include the areas of Dakhla-Rio de Oro, LaAyoune-Sakia El Hamra and Guelmim-Noun, all located in the Occupied Western Sahara. The agreement with Europe. We all know that Europe is going through a deep crisis with The gas situation. Recently, the possible reopening of the controversial Nord Stream 2 creates more headaches, because He will get caughtbetween the United States and Russia. However, the EU member states are still sought alternatives to supply gas and there Green hydrogen. Morocco You have seen a chance To participate in the Green Pact of the European Unionwhereby an objective of importing 10 million tons of renewable hydrogen is established by 2030. In this way the Norafrican country becomes a key actor for the EU. An investment with contradictions. Despite Morocco’s attraction as a partner in the energy transition, Your recent decision To give to Israel 34,000 km² in the Atlantic for gas exploitation has generated a strong controversy in Spain. This measure has aroused diplomatic tensions, since the ceded waters could conflict with areas of interest with the Iberian country. In addition, Spain has different points in its green hydrogen orography becoming a direct rival. In fact, almost 40% of the 5,200 MW In hydrogen projects presented in Europe they come from Spain. The problem is even bigger. However, the projects are not free of controversy and that the Moroccan government has announced that it will offer up to 30,000 hectares of land to each project once a preliminary agreement is signed for the construction of electrolysis plants. The territory where They will operate is a disputed area And now the Spanish companies, acts and Cepsa, will work in this area, which could increase diplomatic tensions With Spain and the Sahara. In addition, the fact that Morocco is exploiting areas in Western Sahara for international projects could generate even more conflicts in the political and territorial sphere. Other companies at stake. The development of green hydrogen in Morocco has also attracted a variety of international companies, each with its own strategy. On the one hand, on Europe side will be a German company, Nordex, specialized in renewable and two French energies, extremely known in the world of energy, totalenergies and Engie, which will focus on producing ammonia from green hydrogen. On the other hand, in the area of ​​the Arabiga Peninsula, there is the Taqa company of United Arab Emirates that will invest in the production of ammonia, fuel and steel, and the Saudi Acwa Power will focus on the manufacture of steel. On the other hand, as the presence of China could not miss with the EUG and China Three Gorges companies dedicated to ammonia production; While the United States, with the Ortus company, will focus on the production of green ammonia. Image | Pxhere and Flickr Xataka | Cheaper, durable and ecological: a new material with the help of ruthenium wants to change the rules of green hydrogen

China has a shortcut called Morocco

Over time almost fulfilled, the European Union pressed the red button: Activate tariffs to Chinese electric car. With variable rates depending on the company, since the last days of October, all cars of this type from China have had to increase their costs (absorbed by the company or impact to the client), including those of European companies. To the measure, the manufacturers themselves have denounced the European Union before the Court of Justice of the European Unionwith the aim of eliminating this economic barrier that they consider unfair. The complaint has been submitted Byd, Saic, Geely and Tesla. The subject of tariffs is nothing more than One of the last chapters in the negotiation between him Chinese government and the European Union. Although these rates are applied, the agency has made clear its intention to maintain its conversations with the Chinese State and, in fact, did not charge the compensatory rights that have been applied from summer to the end of October. In addition, it has not imposed tariffs on plug -in hybrids. Explain you in your newsletter SAI (but auto insights) Weekly that everything indicates that it is a negotiating measure between both entities. The truth is that Chinese companies are offering their cars much cheaper than European manufacturers just when European regulations force this type of technology to skip a thousand millionaire fines. A shortcut called Morocco Since the application of tariff They aspire to gain market share. In that new strategy, Spain has taken a preponderant role. Our country is taking weight in the production of future electric cars for their low labor and energy costs compared to other European powers such as Germany or France. But, in addition, it also seems to be receiving the prize to turn their positions Regarding tariffs. Since they were applied, the Chinese state seems to have pressed to stop all investments in the countries where it was voted in favor of lifting these commercial barriers. In return countries like Spain have unlocked these (like the Catl factory in Zaragoza) and nations with special commercial treaties with the European Union are experiencing the growing interest of that Asian country. Turkey, for example, is one of the countries where Chinese interest has perched, with Byd studying the construction of a plant in a key geostrategic place. The other great country where China has put its eyes is Morocco. And investments leave no doubt. Morocco is a very attractive bridge for the Asian country. It has a Commercial Treaty that would allow you to skip tariffs on your electric manufacturing their cars on African soil. These investments, which first They have arrived in the form of kits That they are finished in Europe, they are still studied by the European Union that has to define whether or not they are enough to save the commercial barrier. It is, in fact, the way of working that has Omoda in Barcelona and the one that Leapmotor has raised for its production in European soil. The production of vehicles in Morocco is not new either. In fact, in 2023 he surpassed China, Japan and India as Main exporter of vehicles to the European Union. His low labor costs has turned Morocco into the perfect environment to produce cars such as Dacia Sandero o Stellantis’s light quadricycles (Citroën Ami, Fiat Topolino…). This appeal It wants to be exploited by China in car production but also with everything that revolves around the electric car. Among those new business opportunities is Battery production. Chinese official media say that producing in Morocco is 50% cheaper than doing so in Europe, they collect in Political. That savings has been the one that has encouraged Chinese companies such as Cngr Advanced Material, through a Moroccan subsidiary called Cngr Morocco New Energy to invest in a gigantic battery production plant. The project was completed with the signing of a investment of 2,000 million dollars For the same. They calculate, from the company, that production will reach a million electric cars every year, which is 70 GWH capacity. To have a better idea, The plant that Catl has designed for Zaragoza plans to provide 50 GWh. It is not, much less, the only project that comes in this regard. Chinese batteries manufacturers Hailiang and Shinzoom They announced An investment of 450 and 460 million dollars, respectively, in the industrial zone Tanger Tech. Although it is officially called “Cité Mohammed VI Tangger Tech”, so much has been the Chinese interest in the area that already call it the “Shanghai of Morocco” . The port of Tangier has become a Key space for the Moroccan government. Its proximity to Europe makes it a doubly attractive place: manufacturing on its ground is cheaper and moving the product to the European continent is also very little expensive. Investments in the electric car in Morocco are already calculated in 10,000 million dollars among which the phosphate exploitationkey minerals for the production of batteries and which Morocco has huge deposits. “For a long time, Europeans invested in Morocco to take advantage of cheap and unknic labor. Today, this workforce is not simply cheap, it is also competitive and is well trained. The Chinese have realized that they Interesting Investing, “said Mehdi Laraki, president of the Morocco-China Business Council in words collected by the medium Telquel. Photo | Audi In Xataka | Toyota has been one of the few firms that has not opted for the electric car. For now it is doing well

In 2011, a collector bought in Morocco a meteorite. It has turned out to be a direct test of thermal water on Mars

A black stone that had fallen from the sky was discovered in the Sahara desert by a Saharawi group. Selling to the highest bidder, we have known for a long time that it comes from the Mars cortex, but they have had to spend more than 10 years for scientists to desert one of their best kept secrets. A meteorite called “Black Beauty”. Officially called Northwest Africa 7034, the 320 grams rock was found in 2011 in the Sahara desert, in Western Sahara, and later sold to an American collector in Morocco. Its composition is unique among known Martian meteorites. It contains very old and very young minerals glued to each other, but coincides with what was observed by NASA’s rovers on the surface of Mars, so it was part of the Martian cortex when it detached from the red planet. A time capsule. A Recent study It focuses on a zircon grain found in the meteorite. This zircon has no less than 4,450 million years, which places it in the earliest stages of Martian history. The majority of known meteorites that come from Mars are from later geological periods, so NWA 7034 provides invaluable information on what the surface environment of the red planet was long before becoming what it is today. The meteorite that contains the most water. What makes Black Beauty exceptional is that it houses 10 times more water than other Martian meteorites. It was known that by the interaction of the rock with the water present in the crust of the planet at the time of its formation, but the recent analysis of the zircon with modern microscopy techniques has revealed much more information. The fragment contains iron, aluminum and sodium, unusual elements for a zircon of purely magmatic origin. But it is above all the presence of tiny inclusions of magnetite (iron oxide) that suggests that it crystallized under hydrothermal conditions. That is, in the presence of water at high temperature, and in an oxidizing environment. Ancient hot springs. The magnetite is trapped in zones of the zirch that are not altered by radiation, which indicates that they were formed at the same time as the zirch, and not as a result of subsequent secondary processes, the researchers explain. What the study comes to say is that 4,450 million years ago, during what is known as the pre-ondic period of Mars, there were already hydrothermal conditions in the Martian cortex. The Black Beauty meteorite is a direct proof that Mars had water in its formation stages. Favorable conditions for life. The finding reinforces the hypothesis that Mars had from very early the necessary conditions to house life, or at least some environments suitable for microbial life. That there was life on Mars or that it arrived on earth through a meteorite is still two hypotheses for which we have no evidence. However, that a meteorite of 2011 has given us so much information and reasons to continue investigating demonstrates how important the Martian samples can be that NASA and China want to bring in the coming years. Images | New Mexico University, NASA

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