heat

While France and Switzerland turn off reactors by heat, Spain continues to generate electricity. The difference is in the forecast

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Europe is living Your worst heat wave with temperatures that have exceeded 40 ° C in several countries. The most unheard of, if one can see the situation, is that some European plants have had to close temporarily. An unusual fact. The heat not only feels in the streets: it is also affecting the heart of the European energy system. According to Euronews, This week three nuclear reactors have been disconnected in France and Switzerland for the temperature rise in the rivers they use to cool. In Girfch, to the south of France, one of the reactors stopped as the Garona River approached at 28 ° C. In Switzerland, the Beznau Central did the same: one of the reactors was out of service and the second was operating in half capacity by heat in the Aare River. Preventive measures. The reason behind this temporal closures responds to an environmental regulation that forces to reduce production when river water is excessively heated, since it could affect the ecosystem by being returned even longer, such as have detailed in Euronews. In addition, restrictions or power reductions have been applied in French centrals such as Buity, Blayais and Cruas. The origin of the problem. Water is key in any nuclear power plant. Without it, there is no way to keep the reactor temperature under control. But with increasingly hot rivers, especially during heat wavesthat function begins to fail. The worst thing is that many of these plants were built between 60 and 80, when climate change was not a factor to take into account. Now the consequences are clear: According to The New York TimesFrance could end up losing up to four times more electricity in summer if this type of closures becomes usual. A problem that aggravates. During the heat waves, more electricity is needed to light the air conditioners or fans, so the demand increases at the same time as the generation capacity falls. This has generated a domino effect on the European electricity market. According to the economistthe megavatio hour has come to double in a matter of days in France, affecting countries such as Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium that depend on gala electricity. And in Spain? Despite registering equal or even higher temperatures, Spain has not had to close any heat power plant. As He explained The economist, the key is in infrastructure and design. Unlike France, where many plants depend directly on rivers such as Garona or Rhone, in Spain solutions such as cooling towers have been adopted, which cool the water before returning it to the natural environment. A paradigmatic example is the Trillo plant, whose ability to operate during heat waves is due to this type of system. Also, like We have detailed in this mediumSpanish nuclear power plants are designed with a triple cooling system: a closed primary circuit that contains the fuel bars, a secondary circuit that generates the steam to move the turbines, and a third external circuit that introduces cold water – teacher of rivers, reservoirs or towers – to condense the steam. In addition, after Fukushima, all centrals incorporated portable and self -employment systems, capable of maintaining cooling functions even to climatic emergencies or electrical cuts. More interconnection? The situation that France and Switzerland are going through is not an isolated event, but a symptom of an still fragmented energy Europe. While in southern France reactors by heat go out, Spain keeps its centrals operational and could even contribute more electricity to the continent if there are better interconnections. These situations show the bottleneck that limits the electrical export capacity of the Iberian Peninsula. Spain has a nuclear park adapted to heat and a growing renewable base – specially solar and wind – that could serve as an energy lung for a Europe increasingly affected by extreme events. The energy future of the continent not only goes to adapt to heat, but also by connecting better. Image | Pixabay Xataka | Israel has been bombing the nuclear facilities that build other countries around its surroundings. This is the real risk of collapse

When the heat arrives, the boys fall in love, the solar panels have a fatal and Spain has a new electrical problem

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Summer has arrived with excessive force To Spain. June has closed as the hottest month of which you have a record, and there is no indications that temperatures are going to give truce. The streets are emptied, public parks are deserted, and fans snort day and night as if trying to mark the rhythm of these unbearable days. But while life adapts as it can to this new heat, under the surface – where the invisible network that sustains modern life – heat has also tested the limits of the electrical system. High demand. While millions of people seek refuge under air conditioning, the Spanish electrical system begins to show saturation signals. Extreme heat triggers demand, reduces the efficiency of some sources of renewable generation and generates imbalances in the electricity grid. As collect the Iberian energy market operator (OMIE)on July 1, the price of the megavatio hour reached a peak of 167 euros at 9:00 p.m., an unusual figure for a night strip. The increase coincides with a high demand and a reduced renewable production at the end of the day, which forces the system to rely on more expensive technologies such as natural gas, According to Red Eléctrica España (REE). More heat, more network pressure. To all this is added an urban phenomenon that aggravates the pressure on the network: The island of heat. In cities, asphalt, concrete and lack of vegetation make the heat accumulated during the day stay overnight, raising the temperature several degrees with respect to rural areas. As a result, energy consumption does not descend after sunset, but is kept high for more hours. The households continue to light fans and air conditioning apparatus until well into the morning, which stress the system when the renewables have already fallen from the mix. But with more sun … The logical thing would be to think that with more sunny hours, Solar energy would suffice to meet the growing demand. And in part, it does: According to REE dataon July 1, renewables contributed 50.6 % of the electricity generated in Spain, compared to 49.4 % of non -renewable sources. But that daily average hides what happens in critical hours. From eight or nine in the afternoon, the photovoltaic disappears from the energy mix, just when the demand remains high and the temperature barely yields. At that time, they are the combined cycles – central that burn natural gas – that support the system, with more than 14,000 megawatts generated in some moments of that same night, According to REE data. There is an added problem. Solar does not always yield as expected: As we have already explainedpanels can have efficiency losses between 10 and 25% because of high temperatures. For each additional degree, they can lose up to 0.5 % yield. Nor does wind help too much: heat waves usually come accompanied by atmospheric stability situations that reduce the wind, which also lasts production. Will there be any blackout? Talking about generalized blackouts may seem exaggerated, but comparison with other countries, like the United Statesforces to take the threat seriously. However, the Spanish system has proven to have a certain margin of maneuver. After the blackout of April 28, they were activated Adjustment services to balance the network in case of collapse of the system at critical times. Although it avoids collapse, these mechanisms have a cost: they have more thanked the invoice part, especially for those in the PVPC rate. From that moment on, Ree has maintained an additional safety margin, operating with active backup power plants even when they are not in use, which structurally increases the operation of the system. Beyond the specific episode, that blackout exposed the deficiencies of a system that needs More storage, MicroRedes and greater local response capacity to disturbances. A system under stress. This summer is not only breaking temperature records: the margins of the electrical system is also testing. The combination of prolonged heat, night demand peaks and a more vulnerable renewable generation than expected is stressing the network at critical moments. The renewables are the present and the future, but they are not infallible. Its behavior also depends on the weather. And when the heat waves become the norm and not the exception, the resilience of the system depends on other factors: on the reinforcement of the networks, the storage, the demand management and, above all, to prepare the cities to resist without the most vulnerable paying the price. Image | Pexels Xataka | In a desperate attempt to avoid the blackout, Ree tried to start a gas center seven minutes before the disaster

habits and tricks to sleep under an extreme heat wave

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During a heat wave it is common for us to put our focus on the scorching maximum temperatures. However, this is not the only indicator that warns us of the problems that we must face during this type of episodes, minimum temperatures can be so important or even more in some circumstances. The “tropical nights.” According to it The State Meteorology Agency (Aemet) before the start of this heat wave, one of its characteristics would be that of the Tropical nights. This term refers to those nights in which the minimum temperatures do not fall from the 20th Celsius. The forecasts They talkedin fact, of minimum temperatures that could exceed 25º, nights to which a different term is applied, that of “Equatorial nights”. Already before the entry into force of the agency’s special notice on the occasion of the heat wave, some areas of the South such as Seville or Almería (but also in other areas such as Girona) They registered minimal Above this 25º barrier. Why is it so difficult to sleep? There is a close relationship between body temperature and sleep cycles. The hours of sleep our body temperature is usually faster than during the day, but the descent in body heat usually starts before we sleep. Even before we lie. The problem arises with the arrival of excess heat. Some scientists theorize that with heat It can happen as with lightwhich would be used as a reference by our body to distinguish the night of the day, the hours to dedicate to the dream of vigil. If it is hot, or if there is light, our body interpretter that is not yet time to go to sleep. The tools in our hand. The simplest option is to plug a fan or keep the air conditioning on all night but this is not always an option, either because we do not have any of these devices, to avoid scares when paying the electrical invoice or, even, because they are not options too convenient for our health. So what can we do? If heat is like the light that prevents us from reconciling sleep, a simple strategy is to isolate ourselves from it as we isolate ourselves with light. We can start by choosing an isolated room, away from the facades, oriented to the north and not to the south, or far from the upper plants if we live in a house with more than one plant. To maintain this fresh room, it is convenient to ventilate it, but not expose it to the entry of light, also avoiding artificial light sources and heat sources such as burning or mobile computers loading. Cool Maintaining a fresh sleeping environment is important, but maintaining our own fresh body is too. The strategies that we would conventionally use to refresh ourselves, even those that are contraintuitive, can be of great help. Avoid what can increase our body temperature during the afternoon, such as especially hot meals or physical exercise can also be useful. “Sleep hygiene.” Sleeping during a heat wave is especially difficult but sleeping strategies better that we use conventionally can also help us. In this sense, correct sleep hygiene can be helpful in these cases as in others. Habits such as maintaining regular schedules, or avoiding screens and lights before bed are usually among the usual recommendations in this regard. An active life and healthy eating can also help us fall asleep better, even in conditions like these. The heat wave ends, but … The forecasts indicate that temperatures will fall during the next few days, being able to conclude the episode the day after tomorrow. However, we are only at the beginning of summer, a summer that has started intense but whose evolution is for now uncertain. The tropical nights have been accompanying us for weeks and probably keep doing it during the summer. These can be aggravated by situations such as the current one, but in themselves they are not a rare phenomenon in the summer (although it is likely to become more and more frequent). Adapting to them is therefore important if we do not want to sacrifice our rest for several months a year. In Xataka | With the electric consumption triggered by the air conditioning, Singapore has had an idea: buildings that “sweat” Image | Marie-Michèle Bouchard

The great myths of heat that we should avoid in summer

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The heat wave It crosses its peak during yesterday’s days and today, so staying fresh and hydrated becomes fundamental. This is not always easy: sometimes intuition deceives us, sometimes those who lead us to error are the myths we hear again and again. That is why it is convenient to review some errors in which we can fall easily. Cold water, hot water. To stay hydrated it is essential to drink liquids and, especially, water. But,at what temperature? It depends on what we want to achieve and the characteristics of the heat we are going through. We know that consuming a hot drink can make our body respond breaking. That is why in certain circumstances, drink a hot drink, like coffee can make us cool. But there is an exception: this phenomenon is based on the ability of sweat to cool, but this capacity It looks reduced in high humidity conditions. That is: a hot drink can cool us only if the heat is rather dry. Water of time? If we resort to this technique, we must also take into account the fact that sweat implies a loss of liquids and therefore a greater risk of dehydration. If our objective is not so much cooling and replenishing fluids, perhaps the best idea is to consume “time” water or sympleously fresh (not cold). It is the conclusion of A study Posted in the magazine International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine In 2013. This analysis, focused on seeing how water temperature affected the rehydration process, observed that consuming water at a temperature of about 16º could facilitate the rehydration process. Fresh beer. Taking a fresh beer in summer is common to fight heat. A moderate consumption can have that effect, but as we add alcohol to our body, the chances of the cylinder head shot will increase. First because alcohol works as a vasodilator, which can alter the distribution of heat in our body. This effect It makes alcohol more dangerous in winter, when you can transmit a false feeling of warmth, but it can also affect how we feel in summer. Perhaps the greatest risk of going with beer in summer is, however, hydration. This drink has a diuretic effect that can make us lose water at a rate greater than the replacement, which can approach dehydration. Fans, yes or no. The fan is one of the most useful tools when fighting heat, but it is a tool with its limitations and even inconvenience. TO Air conditioning differencefans do not cool the air. What they do is to facilitate that our body heat is blurred by sending us colder air than the one around us. The problem is that, after a certain temperature (about 35º), the air that comes to us is not colder than the one around us, so the fan will not help us. Moisture It is also important since these devices work worse in very dry environments. They can also cause us problems when we use them for a long time, such as when we sleep with them, disseminating allergens or drying the atmosphere of our stay. Ventilate spaces: Not so simple. Keeping our very ventilated home is important throughout the year, but correctly handling ventilation in summer can also help us refresh our home, improving thermal comfort and saving energy. Now, It is not right simply With opening the windows, there are important factors to take into account. Of course, the time is one of the keys: if we want to refresh our house it is best to do it before the arrival of the daytime heat or once it has dissipated. We will also otimize the ventilation if instead of opening windows to right -handed and sinister we open windows in opposite points of the house in order to take advantage of the thermal difference to generate stronger currents that are taken with it the heat and moisture. In Xataka | Heat wave in Spain 2025: 7 tools to look at the temperature where you live Image | Lucas Sandor

Taiwan believes having found the mythical planet 9 of the Solar System. Instead of looking for his light, he has been looking for his heat

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The countless frustrated attempts to find planet 9, a hypothetical giant gas in the confines of our solar system, have aroused the ingenuity of some Taiwanese scientists. Short. For years, astronomers have swept the sky in search of the weak reflection of sunlight that should get to us from planet 9, a demonstratedly ineffective task. Now, a team of researchers has changed the rules of the game with an ingenious idea: instead of looking for it, they have tried to detect their heat. Well, they have found two very promising candidates. Context. Beyond the orbit of Neptune, in an icy and dark region known as the Kuiper belt, the orbits of several objects seem to be grouped in a way that challenges chance. The trajectories of these transneptunian objects (TNos) align as if an invisible hand were guiding them. The most accepted hypothesis to explain this behavior is the existence of an unknown massive planet, the planet 9. Of existing, this distant world would have a mass of between five and ten times that of the earth. The problem is that it would be more than 400 astronomical units, so its light would be incredibly dim. To put it in perspective, Neptune is “only” 30 UA or 4,496 million kilometers. If we can’t see it, maybe we can feel its heat. A team from the National University Tsing Hua in Taiwan believes to have the strongest track in years on the real existence of the most wanted object in our neighborhood. The results of their study are not final, but they reach two promising candidates. Every object with a temperature above absolute zero emits thermal radiation, that is, heat. But while the light decreases with the distance following a relationship of the inverse of the fourth power (1/d4), the heat only decreases with the square of the distance (1/d2). This abysmal difference is the argument used by researchers to focus their search on the heat signature of planet 9. A needle in a haystack. The team resorted to the data of the Akari Space Telescope of Japan. Throwed in 2006, Akari dedicated his useful life to sweeping the full sky in distant infrared light, the perfect range to detect the thermal brightness of the planet 9. And he did it from space, without the interference of the Earth’s atmosphere. Astronomers set out from a list of unprocessed Disssdl detections: more than 5.2 million signals with many false positives. After limiting the search zone, eliminating known objects, filtering sources contaminated by galactic dust clouds and excluding static objects, which seem to be at the same point in observations separated by months, the list was reduced to 393 candidates. Of 393 candidates for two. He touched his hands dirty. The investigators visually inspected the images of the 393 candidates. They ruled out weak detections, artifacts at the edges of the sensor and, above all, the impacts of cosmic rays that can be perceived as a specific source of heat. After this thorough process, there were only two candidates. Two heat points that appeared where planet 9 was expected, had the predicted brightness for the theory and showed the expected movement: they were detected in the same place in a period of 24 hours, but there was no trace of them in the same place six months later. All to demonstrate. The two candidates were baptized as FISSDL J0250422-15011 and FISSDL J0301112-164240. But to verify if these two heat points are really a single object moving in an orbit compatible with planet 9 will need new observations in visible light, with sufficiently powerful telescopes to detect its weak optical brightness and measure its movement with precision. If confirmed, the discovery would not only solve one of the greatest mysteries of modern astronomy, but would revolutionize our understanding about how our own system was formed and evolved. Everything is to be demonstrated, but at least we have a hot trail to continue hunting. Image | ESA, Hubble, M. Kornmesser, CC By 4.0

Meteorologists have a name for what is happening in Spain: heat dome

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While a good part of Spain prepares for first heat wave From this summer, meteorologists study what is happening in the atmosphere to answer questions such as how we have reached here or when the extreme heat will end. The first wave is approaching. The State Meteorology Agency (AEMET) launched a Special notice for the arrival of this heat wave. The notice will enter into force tomorrow, Saturday 28, but the most intense days of this episode that will last at least until Tuesday, July 1 will be expected. The heat waves are, By definitionextreme events in which temperatures exceed statistically defined temperature intervals for the time of year. That is, the situation is remarkably hotter than one would expect for these days of the beginning of summer. Heat dome To explain what is happening at the atmospheric level, meteorologists resort to a metaphorical term, the dome or heat dome. Physicist Francisco Martín León explains this concept in a piece for Meteoredalthough the term speaks in itself. The main “ingredient” in this phenomenon is a height anticyclone. When one of these anticyclones remains static in a given area, it tends to catch air masses at lower levels. This air also tends to accumulate heat due to the high insolation associated with atmospheric stability. A shared dome. The peculiar atmospheric situation is not being the exclusive heritage of the Peninsula as on the occasions in which we talk about the “Iberian oven” but the dome formed by the anticyclone also covers a good part of the south and southwest of Europe. Bad news if we consider the temperature increase lived during the last weeks in Mediterranean waters and the risks involved in this anomalous accumulation of thermal energy. 42º and climbing. In addition to its special notice, Aemet has activated various notices due to extreme temperatures. For now it is yellow and orange notices, although it is convenient to pay attention to how the situation advances. For today, the agency expects maximum between 34º and 36º in good part of the country, with some areas that could reach 40º. As the days go by the situation could get worse, with areas such as the Guadalquivir Valley exceeding the 42nd mark. Some predictions They even speak of Andalusian cities that reach the 44th Celsius. An additional problem will be the minimum temperatures. They are expected to fall from the 23rd-25º “in large areas of the southern half and the Ebro valley.” That is, part of the country will encounter “tropical nights” that will make due rest of the people suffering them. Meteosalud. In addition to Aemet notices, Meteosalud, under the Ministry of Health, has issued its own evaluation of the areas with greater and lesser health risk these days. This evaluation warns of high -risk areas in areas of the northern peninsular such as the Ebro Rivera in Navarra, the central area of ​​Huesca or the central depression of Tarragona. In Xataka | We do not know anything about El Niño at this point of the year. That is a meteorological mystery … and good news Image | ECMWF

Planting the heat of Córdoba in summer is impossible. I have tried a personal thermal dissipator to at least try

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I do not discover anything to anyone if I say that In Córdoba it is hotter than on Charmander’s birthday. We have many good and beautiful things, such as the Mosque-Catedral, Medina Azahara or the Alcazar of the Christian Kings. This is the only city in the world with four assets of humanity, The first person to fly did in Córdoba And for having, we have even A traffic light with artificial intelligence. But if there is something we have and that we are left over, it is, without a doubt, heat. There are those who fight this excess of Celsius degrees leaving Fuengirola (also called Córdoba II). Others put in front of the fanunder the air conditioning or call the friend who has a pool at home with the excuse of “how long without seeing us.” I, for my part, have tried in a less conventional way. I have done it with a personal thermal dissipator of Sony: the Reon Pocket Pro. It is put below the shirt, but so you can see the size better and where it should be placed | Image: Xataka Terus dissipator … what? I know it sounds a bit strange (not as much as Go to the gym with an exoskeletonwhich also made), so we go in parts. The Sony Reon Pocket Pro is a portable thermal device that cools and heats the part of the body with which it comes into contact. That part is precisely the upper back area, just below the neck. It is not a portable air conditioning, much less. How does it work? The device incorporates two independent thermal modules in the rear that cool or heat according to the context (then we return to this) and a fan that extracts the heat from our body and expels it above. The two thermal plates alternate, so that when one reaches a certain temperature, the other is deactivated and activated so that the sensation of freshness is constant. These two plates work independently and cool or heat | Image: Xataka How do you get? We have to place it so that the two plates touch our body and the upper air exit protrudes slightly from the shirt. If we wear a shirt, we can use the adapter. The device is slightly curved, thus respecting our natural curve, and has a pair of flexible tubes that are placed around the neck and keep it subject. These, by the way, are not seen, but they stay under the shirt. And yes, they are noticed. The air exit should stay above the neck of the shirt | Image: Xataka These moorings should also be placed below the shirt | Image: Xataka Is it comfortable? Depends. It is acceptable if we take it while we walk or We are perfectly seated (With a straight back), and that weighs about 200 grams. If we change posture, for example, more reclined in the chair or lying on the couch, impossible. As for noise, I have not appreciated that the fan makes more account noise. I wear it right now and in my office, where only the noise of my mechanical keyboard is heard, I do not appreciate it in excess. However, I must say that it seems like a device too large and that finding the exact location in which it must be placed is complicated. It is not so “of remove and put” as perhaps you could expect a device like this, but you have to place it well, in its place, if we want it to work correctly. That it is more or less comfortable will depend, in large part, on the position we adopt | Image: Xataka Ok, but it cools? Let’s go to the point. The Reon Pocket Pro can be used in two ways: manual or automatic. If we establish it in manual, we can configure (via buttons or via app) the target temperature and the device will be in charge of reaching it. If we establish it in automatic, it will use, in addition to the data of the device itself, those of the Reon Pocket Tag to determine the objective temperature depending on the ambient temperature, the humidity and even the exposure to direct light. The problem is that this small sensor works well if it is abroad. If we carry it in the pocket (it is fully designed to hang it on the keys or in the pants), the data can vary. In any case, it works well and if we are going to use it in a room like an office for a while, just leave it on the table and forget about it. Reon pocket tag | Image: Xataka As for the sensation, it is … curious. As soon as we put it, we will notice how the surface of the neck begins to cool (or heat). It is almost instantaneous. With the passage of the latter, the sensation of freshness is improving and, thanks to the two thermal modules that are alternating, it is constant. And yes, cool. Now, the reality is that the one that is: the sensation of freshness, within that it relieves even going down the street, is very localized in the area near the location of the device. The cold mode sensation is the same as if you carry a bag of ice cubes on the back. In heat mode, it reminds me a lot of thermal blankets for neck pain. Image | Xataka On the battery. Using it at a medium cold temperature, the device lasts practically one day. A working day endures it without problem. At a lower or greater temperature, depending on the way we choose, less autonomy. In that sense, the use of hot mode spends more than cold mode, but for obvious reasons I have not used it just during these days. As for the load, it is completed in approximately three hours. So… Is it pleasant? It is, especially when you put it … Read more

Ourense is synonymous with heat and 40ºC in summer

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The ourensans are more accustomed to the heat of what we would commonly think for one of the Galician provinces. The municipality has broken the record Several times in the last decades of the highest temperatures marked in Europe. It is not that it has exceeded the absolute figure, but has exceeded other typically torrid cities on the same dates, and for a notable difference. The Coasts of the Atlantic Ocean have always been famous for being cold and wet. Even in summer, Galicia enjoys softer temperatures than the rest of the peninsula due to pure oceanic climate. Well, at least in almost all its territory, because if we take into account Ourense this premise may not be fulfilled. Embedded between green mountains and bathed by the Miño, Ourense is, without a doubt, somewhat peculiar. And, although it is of a very Galician character, and it has nothing to envy landscapes and atmosphere to its sister provinces, instead of having a purely oceanic climate sometimes There are more typical episodes of subtropical areas. This has led to the records of maximum temperatures several times over the last decades. Galician, but hot The previous occasion was in 2017, when Ourense beat the maxim during the month of May. At that time, the city reached 37.6 ºC (together with Ribadavia), which meant the breakdown of the European record for those dates. At that time, the entire peninsula lived a very hot climate for spring, but especially the Ourensana capital, which recorded throughout the month sustained temperatures above 30 ºCusually reaching 36 ºC. In 2013, in full heat wave of Julio, Ourense reached 45 ° Cwith a thermal sensation of up to 51 ºC, while in Seville, a typically hot city, the 45 ° C were reached, and that in Europe The maximums were around 40 ºC. In 2012, this city was also among the hottest spring, reaching temperatures comparable to those of the southern peninsular. In July 1990, the extreme figure of 42.2 ºC was reached in Ourense a record number, again, for those dates. And so the account becomes long, with numerous similar episodes. How do you explain that Ourense is one of the hottest cities being so north? However, we do not need to go back back in time to identify the peculiar warmth that the climate of this Galician province entails. According to the weather file prepared by Meteoblue During the last days of the current month of June the maximum temperature has risen until touching the 35 ° Cwhich, once again, consolidates it as one of the European regions with the warmest climate. A subtropical climate in Galicia In 1900, Wladimir Peter Köppen designed a Climate Classification System. This consists of a global natural climate classification that identifies each type of climate with a series of letters that indicate the behavior of temperatures and rainfall that characterizes this type of climate. According to this classification, Galicia is in a pure or subocean oceanic climate, identified with CWB and CWC figures. However, Ourense does not enter into this classification, but corresponds to a CSA climate, that is, a typical Mediterranean climate. The typical Mediterranean is characterized by dry and hot summers, with average temperatures above 22 ° C and wet and rainy winters, with soft temperatures. The colder the month, according to this system, the rainiest results; Already the reverse, the hotter the month, the drier results, although they do not have to coincide exactly. In an oceanic climate, such as the rest of Galicia, however, summers are much cooler than in areas with subtropical or Mediterranean humid climate. Why does it depart so much from the rest of the region? The answer is undoubtedly in the orography. The Valles del Miño and Sil They produce a geographical barrier that directs the weather. Thus, there is a kind of thermal well promoted by a thermal investment effect. This phenomenon occurs when the coldest layers and close to the ground cannot ascend since they are blocked by a still cold layer. This generates a layer of clouds and calima over Ourense, which causes an increase in temperatures in the area due to a local greenhouse effect, where radiation from the bouncing surface. Thus, although the morning dawns fresh, as the day takes place, solar radiation heats the air that remains imperturbable in the same area. This orographic configuration, in fact, would have been responsible for THE EXPLOSION OF LIFE that the region has lived In the last 120,000 yearsafter glaciation. As indicated by the geographers of the Department of Xeography of the University of Santiago de Compostela, the diversity of temperatures responds to the existing contrasts between the different areas of Galician geography. These contrasts, in turn, must, as we said, to the so particular geographical configuration of Galicia in combination with the distances that are even the Atlantic Ocean. Thus, both in the interior valleys of Miño and Sil, and in the interior depressions of Verín and Monforte, there are very high temperatures compared to northern Galicia, where you can register up to twenty degrees less for being subjected to fresher winds, from the ocean. In Xataka | At the end of May we reached 40ºC: it is only the appetizer of the decimer summer a consecutive warmer than normal according to aemet In Xataka | The Mediterranean is more than two degrees above normal: and it is something that has serious consequences in Spain

The atmosphere has been stuck in a “extreme heat generator” on Spain. That means something: a hard summer

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The first fortnight of June has brought us more typical temperatures at the end of July or even August: there have been numerous days in which wide areas of the southern peninsular have seen the thermometers exceed the 40º line. The problem now is not that heat stays with us throughout the summer, the problem is that it may go more. Same trend. The heat seems determined to settle on the peninsula, or at least that is what can be detached from models such as those used by the European Center for Middle Term weather forecasts (ECMWF). To understand why, we have to look higher towards the atmosphere. About 1,500 meters high. According to Explain The physicist, disseminator and researcher at Aemet JJ German in his account Twitterwe have the track in the forecasts on the temperature at height at 850 hectopascales (HPA), which usually refer to an approximate height in the atmosphere of 1,500 meters, the low troposphere zone. The temperature at this level tends to be related to the temperature that we see at soil level, so it can serve as a reference for how temperatures will evolve in the coming days. According to data shared by German, we not only find a temperature above the climatological average (an anomaly above the 5th Celsius), but the situation will last, with the possibility that this anomaly approaches 10th towards the end of June. “This is barbarity: far from returning to balance as normal, atmospheric dynamics on the Iberian Peninsula seem to get stuck in an extreme heat generator,” explained in its publication. Looking at the map. If we focus on The map Prepared by ECMWF, we will also see that heat will remain foreseeably installed on our heads. The forecasts indicate that during the next ten days the almost entire peninsula will be under the influence of temperatures above 20º to 850 HPA, with large areas above the 24th and with some points, the 28th barrier temporarily exceeds. What’s happening. In a second TweetGerman explained what is happening. According to the expert, a Dana located west of the peninsula and a dorsal (an extension of high pressures associated with an anticyclone) would be responsible for the situation. A situation that would be seeing aggravated by the low atmospheric movement, thus achieving what German refers as a “static equilibrium point.” The result: heat and more heat. The result is the intuitive: this warm episode seems to be sentenced to extend over time, at least during the next week. The maximum in a large part of the Peninsular South They could stay above 36º and promptly above 40º. In Xataka | At the end of May we reached 40ºC: it is only the appetizer of the decimer summer a consecutive warmer than normal according to aemet Image | ECMWF

The heat arrives and you want to drink cold water. Science has a much more effective idea: drink hot water

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Summer arrives and with it staying well hydrated becomes an imperative. The heat will surely make a glass of cold water even more appealing, but it is likely that we have ever heard that the water, better hot. Is it a myth or is there a reason behind? Drink water. Drinking water is the important, hot or cold, keeping our body hydrated is the main objective. Despite this, drinking hot water or cold water is not exactly the same: our body can react differently Before the stimulus. This is what science tells us about it. Better digestion. Hot infusions are a desktop classic. Coffee, tea or chamomile are usual choices to close the food, especially if it has been copious. When consuming these drinks we are, indeed, Drinking hot water. In doing so we are moisturizing our body and allowing water to help the flow of food in our digestive system. Part of the effect we owe it to the mere fact of being drinking water, but there are some studies that suggest that the temperature could play an important role in the digestive effect of this desktop habit. A Study published in 2016 Focused on newly operated patients, he observed that the consumption of hot water in recently operated in the colon had a “positive impact” on subsequent intestinal movements. Do you lose weight drinking water? In 2023, a group of researchers conducted An experiment in which a group of participants had to consume a certain amount of warm or hot water after meals, while the rest had to consume the same amount of water at a temperature without specifying the temperature. As reported by the team, the group that consumed hot water lost body mass more speed than the control group. This could explain why we associate drinks such as tea are associated with weight loss. The diuretic potential of some infusions and the benefits that others have on intestinal transit could be related to the mere act of drinking hot water, but the truth is that the tests we have are very limited, so we still cannot add the hot water to the eternal list of candidates for “miracle diet”. Cool ourselves with hot water. It may seem Little appealingbut hot infusions are a classic in some of the most scorching environments in the world. Our body is about 37º Celsius: if we consume something at a higher temperature, our body will absorb that heat. It doesn’t seem like a good plan. And yet it works (although not always). The key, The experts point outis how our body dissipates heat through sweat. A hot drink can activate nervous receptors by sending the signal that the temperature is greater than what is actually, which in turn does that our body begins to sweat and thus begin to dissipate heat through the water we expel by the skin. To sweat, of course, it should also be hydrated. When may not work? Drinking hot water to reduce our body heat can be a bad idea in some contexts, mainly When moisture is high. Moisture makes sweat dissipated, with it, avoiding it heat. Temperature and hydration. Hot or cold, we began by saying that the most important property of water is that it hydrates: our body needs this liquid to stay alive and drinks are the main source to obtain it. Now, we know that Not all drinks hydrate the sameDoes the water do it indistinctly of its temperature? Maybe not. A Study published in 2013 He calculated how the water temperature affected the rehydration process. A too hot water could induce sweat, causing us to lose some water at the same time we rehydrate. By contrast, water too cold or too hot can also make us drink less. The team observed that a better rehydration was achieved when consuming fresh water, about 16º, a temperature similar to that offered by tap water. In Xataka | It’s time to banish the myth of drinking “eight water vessels per day”, but we have a problem to do it Image | Pixabay

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