Communicating with our cats has always been a complex task. A study has discovered the key: flashing

The Human-Perro communicationand vice versa, it’s really simple. After thousands of years of domestication and coexistence, dogs and humans understand each other almost effortlessly. In fact, they have even Evolved your facial muscles and eyesTo be more expressive and communicate better with us. With cats, the thing changes. We continue unraveling cat domestication And, although they are fully integrated into our homes, it is evident that there are still some Understanding problems. If you have a cat, you will know ‘talk’ with him and read his intentions, but that penetrating look is sometimes a mystery. And that is when we blink slowly. And the cat imitates us. And the magic is done. The reason is that it is the equivalent of the human smile, at least that indicated in a study. The cat smile In 2020, a study called ‘The role of blinking of cats in communication between cats and humans’ explored how this usual gesture in felines is an interspecies communication method. If you have a cat, you will know what we are talking about: that moment in which the cat stares at you and, suddenly, flashes very slowly, as almost falling asleep to, then, to open your eyes fully. He is not sleeping (well, sometimes yes), but trying to communicate with you. Karen McComb is a psychologist at Sussex University and commented that “it is something that many cat owners already They suspectedso it is exciting to have found evidence of it. ” To have that evidence, the team of psychologists did two experiments. The first experiment included 21 cats (11 females and 10 males, aged between four months to 16 years) of 14 different homes. Its owners – 14 humans participated and the instruction was clear: when the cat had eaten in their family environment, the owners had to sit a meter away and slowly blink when the cat stared at them. In the second, another 24 cats of eight different homes were included and there were two differences. The first and most obvious is that the owners were not on this occasion those who performed the flicker: it was the researchers. In addition, after blinking, they extended their hand towards the cats. The tests were recorded, analyzed and the researchers They concluded that cats slowly blin into the initial flickering of humans and, in the case of flickers by the researchers, after the same, they used to approach them to interact with their hand. If they did not blink first, they were less likely to approach in a friendly way. In addition, in the analysis of the recordings, they realized that the cats did not blink in the same way when they were alone or between them and when they were with a human who has slowly blink first. McComb’s conclusion is that it is something we can try with our cats at home, since “it is a great way to improve the link you have with it.” But … why? Three reasons are considered. The first is pure and hard survival: a fixed look is a symptom that it is alert. The cat can also consider that you are, or you can be a threat, if you stare at it, without blinking or flickering quickly, so a slow blink interprets it as you are relaxed and, at the same time, he also lowers his guard. It’s like a friendly smile. On the other hand, the researchers considered that it could be a form of imitation. It is not a secret that cats often imitate their owners and have actions that we consider funny, but that it is simply an attempt to copy human movements and actions. There are always doubts when it comes to animals such as cats and, above all, domesticatedbecause it is always possible that cats have developed that expression because humans respond emotionally when they do. The third reason is that it may have been a technique that cats themselves have perfected to cut an intense, penetrating and potentially threatening look. If they blink slowly and returned the gesture, they interrupted an awkward situation. Whatever, the researchers affirm that, whether it works as if not, it is interesting game hours or petting. And, evidently, it also has practical implications. If we know that cats feel more comfortable in environments in which they feel that the human is not a threat, it is easier to work with them in shelters or veterinary centers. Although, of course, this depends a lot on the character of each feline. As a contribution: I’ve been trying with my three cats for years. None have even paid me. Of course, as soon as I open a little latically, they magically communicate perfectly Images | Nature, Sabri Tuzcu In Xataka | Cats are not as apathetic as we thought. This is what demonstrates its wide repertoire of facial expressions

The fusion of illegal races and Kaizen philosophy

The search for continuous improvement. Evolve to be better with small changes that go, very little by little, perfecting the product by touching the sick. These are the Kaizen philosophy bases. The name, in fact, perfectly represents what tries to explain. It cannot be more explicit since it uses the Japanese terms kai (change) and zen (good). Along the way, it is about applying a series of strategies to eliminate the most inefficient processes, correct errors as soon as possible by applying immediate solutions or promote collective participation. But there are two other pillars that define perfectly what we are going to talk about next. Kaizen philosophy tries to optimize times and resources while having an open mind to apply small changes that make the product evolve and take it to a new stadium. The latter was key when one of Toyota’s most mythical cars was born: the supra. We would not have Toyota supra without celica … and without Kaizen philosophy When he talks about Kaizen philosophy, in Toyota they have a lot to say. In fact, it is your way of explaining What is a Takumi And why they have figures in charge of simply feeling cars to discover small irregularities to correct during the production process. It is that idea of ​​combining small changes, very small, that when adding and one takes distance to see the complete result, it realizes that it has created a completely disruptive product. It is, in fact, what happened with the Toyota supra. To understand the origin of the Toyota Supra we have to look back. Specifically half a century to go to the 70s. Then, Toyota began to manufacture the Toyota Celica. It was 1970 and the new Japanese sportsman was born from the base of the Toyota Carina to which the possibility of being able to choose between a 1.4 or 1.6 liter engine and two types of gearboxes (manual or automatic) was added. The car was born as a Coupé 2+2 To enjoy relaxed, combining good performance but without sacrificing the comfort comfort. Very soon the car had a redesign that accentuated the Coupé forms, leaving a single door to each side and a huge back gate that facilitated access to the trunk and its load. The reception was so good that Toyota gave continuity to Celica just a little later. In 1977 a second generation already had on the market that already opted for the three -door body and that, again, was defined by the Carina platform. And aware of the car’s sports potential, in 1979 the word supra appears for the first time. The supra was a special finish for the Toyota Celica. It was called, in fact, Toyota Celica supra (MKI). He lengthened the body a bit and added some most expensive finishes such as the four disc brakes or independent suspensions. But, above all, he added a six online cylinders and 2.6 liters delivered 110 hp. That power jump and that engine were those that marked the future of their future. Taking advantage of the second generation of Toyota Celica, in 1982 the Toyota Celica supra would be launched in its second generation. The forms were now much more sharp and design decisions were included that would later be fully identifying, such as the sneakable headlights. The six -cylinder engine was maintained but the power rose to 145 hp. Although he added more centimeters along, the battle was shorter than that of his predecessor. Now, yes, he earned agility and, therefore, in sports sensations. The car had taken a qualitative leap in this regard. The qualitative success was received with open arms. Japanese industry in the 80s flew. American intervention after World War II helped the nation to be a country razed to One of the most leading countries of the world technologically. Potential clients earned so much money that everything accelerated and the Japanese car lived among product generations of just four years. Currently, a car has a commercial life of about seven years but at that time it was about putting a car on the market in less than a five years. Young people were looking for fast and powerful cars in which spend money. The bubble also provided cash for a fashion that took strength in the 80s, the Touge Street Racing. He Touge Street Racing or tōge They were illegal races that took advantage of the large mountain roads of the country to ascend or desce continued in the 90s. This is what we can see in Fast and Furious: Tokyo Drift but that became popular to the point of become its own culture, Anime included and with space in numerous racing video games. The perfect ingredients had entered the cocktailboard for Toyota to hurry the deadlines and in 1986 he launched the first completely independent version of the Toyota Supra. He returned for his fueros, with a six online cylinders that, this time, reached 200 hp of power. Later he would raise this power to 230 hp adding a turbo. The car was very fast but growing in size and power had begun to take forms of great tourism, a car with which to travel could be very quick but not as dynamic as you once. The solution went through giving it a little more spicy. How much? Transform it into a supercar. In 1990, Honda had launched the Honda NSXa car with which he intended to rival the best and at the same time positioning a car of very high benefits Without all those young people who had the money for punishment. Toyota’s response came in 1993 with Toyota Supra A80its most remembered generation. The Toyota Supra left its angular shapes behind and opted for the curves, with a huge rear axle and a spoiler that falls in love. Under the hood he kept a six online 3.0 -liter cylinders that in its biuturbo version reached 324 hp and that delighted the trainers. Because the car became a … Read more

Kazakhstan is one of the world’s greatest uranium producers. Now has taken another step: its first nuclear power plant

In the geopolitical board of energy, the domain is not only measured in oil barrels or cubic meters of gas. There is a resource, silent but powerful, which is redefining the current panorama: uranium. While some countries look desperately reduce your energy dependenceothers have understood that true power lies in controlling not only the raw material, but the entire nuclear cycle. Russia has already taken the lead with A dozen centrals Under construction, but now Its largest supplier He also wants to become a strategic actor. New actor. Kazakhstan has decided to accelerate its nuclear development to address its growing shortage of energy. The government has approved the construction of Your first nuclear power plant and a plan to expand its nuclear industry. A referendum in October 2024 showed that 70% Voters support the construction of nuclear plants. This first nuclear power plant will be located in the village of ülken, in the Almath region. The government intends to build at least three more floors to make the most of its resources. Currently, feasibility studies and negotiations with international suppliers are being carried out to determine the technical and financial details of the project. The main financing will come from a Russian government loan with subsidies, and Samruk Energo It will lead the negotiations to guarantee cost efficiency. Energy shortage. The Kazakh country wants to reduce its energy dependence and face a growing internal demand. Despite being one of the countries with greater uranium reservesIt does not have an operational nuclear power plant since 1999. However, it manufactures pumping equipment for nuclear plants and seeks to expand the national production of reactor components and energy equipment. This strategy is aligned with the objectives of carbon neutrality and industrial modernization. An energy cluster. The government seeks to develop a “Nuclear cluster” that not only includes the energy plant, but also the local production of nuclear fuel. To do this, he has formed alliances with China and France. In addition, for nuclear reactors, it will have technology suppliers such as the Galo and South Korean country. The central will probably have a capacity of at least 3 GW, and more plants will be built in the future. Kazakhstan will also strengthen its electrical networks and better connect the western region with the national system. So what happens to Russia? The Kremlin remains an important actor in the global nuclear sector and has supplied Kazakhstan nuclear technology in the past. However, within the country, the concern that an agreement with Rosatom (the Russian nuclear agency) generates excessive dependence, both in technological and financial terms. The opposition has expressed fears that Russia use nuclear energy as an instrument of geopolitical influence. Problems in the past. Nuclear energy in the country has constituted a delicate issue due to the effects of Soviet nuclear tests in the region of Semipalatinsk. For that reason, as indicated Professor Kashi Nath Pandita, concerns about security and lack of transparency in regulatory processes are brought on the path of progress. Forecasts The project can be finished in the next decade, but advance it. However, the country still faces different challenges such as public distrust, environmental concerns and the need to choose a technological partner without compromising its independence. In the long term, this expansion could position Kazakhstan as an energy leader in Central Asia, reducing its vulnerability to regional energy instability and strengthening its presence in global competition for the control of energy resources. Image | Unspash Xataka | Plutonium underground: the British bet to handle nuclear waste safely

El Corte Inglés boundary offers leave OLED televisions, speakers, computers and much more

During this weekend, El Corte Inglés has launched its particular campaign Limit offerswhich will be available until next February 16 and is loaded with very good discounts on all types of products in the electronics category. From Samsung OLED televisions to MSI laptops. Samsung Oled S93D by 1,199 eurosa very complete 55 -inch television that has a good 43%discount. HP S5 524SW by 129 eurosa monitor with anti -reflective screen and with Eyesafe certification. Samsung Galaxy Buds Fe by 59 eurosvery good Bluetooth headphones that have dropped in price with the 46%discount. Marshall Acton III by 220.15 eurosa Bluetooth speaker with retro design and with a good audio power. MSI KATANA 15 by 1,399 eurosa gaming laptop with Intel processor and RXT 4060 graphics card. Samsung Oled S93D OLED televisions do not usually lower too much price, except for the occasional exception. During the boundary offers of El Corte Inglés, we can find a good discount on the Samsung Oled S93Dsince it stays for 1,199 euros instead of 2,099 euros. This television stands out, among other things, for its 55 -inch OLED OLED PANELfor their speakers that offer an audio power of 60W RMS and that are compatible with Dolby Atmos And because it comes with the voice assistant Alexa integrated. * Some price may have changed from the last review HP S5 524SW If you are looking for a good Monitor to work at homein the boundary offers of El Corte Inglés we can find the HP S5 524SW for only 129 euros instead of 169 euros. It is interesting both for the price and for everything that offers: 23.9 inches antirreflective IPSEyesafe certification, 100 Hz soda rate and Full HD resolution. * Some price may have changed from the last review Samsung Galaxy Buds Fe On the other hand, if what you are looking for is a good price in some Bluetooth headphones That they are comfortable and that offer a very good audio quality, the Samsung Galaxy Buds Fe They are now reduced by 59 euros instead of the usual 109 euros. They are comfortable, perfect for sports, have a good autonomy of up to 30 hours and have Active noise cancellationas well as transparency mode. * Some price may have changed from the last review Marshall Acton III In the boundary offers of El Corte Inglés there are also very good prices in Bluetooth speakers. One of the best offers is the model Marshall Acton IIIsince it stays for 220.15 euros instead of 299 euros. The most striking is its retro design inspired by the classic amplifiers, but we must also know that it offers a good 30W RMS audio power. * Some price may have changed from the last review MSI KATANA 15 There are even very good prices in gaming laptops. Some models with components to have a very good experience in video games (also in productivity) have received discounts of the most interesting, such as the case of MSI KATANA 15which has dropped from 1,799 euros to 1,399 euros. The MSI computer comes with a 15.6 -inch QHD screen, riding an Intel Core i7 13620h processor, has 32 GB of RAM and 1 TB of SSD, its graphics card is a NVIDIA GEFORCE RTX 4060 And it comes with Windows 11 Home. * Some price may have changed from the last review Some of the links of this article are affiliated and can report a benefit to Xataka. In case of non -availability, offers may vary. Images | The English Court and Buying (header), Samsung, HP, Marshall, MSI In Xataka | Better televisions in quality Price: which to buy and seven recommended 4K 4K 4K In Xataka | Best laptops in quality price. Which to buy depending on the use and eight recommended models

Parking ticket already adds 201,500 euros

Stations and airport parking are, in all likelihood, one of the busiest points, due to the constant coming and going of passengers and companions. However, instead of forgetting the toothbrush, someone seems to have forgotten a Volkswagen Golf in the short stay of Berlin airport. For a year! In all that time, the counter of the parking meter has not stopped adding. It may seem a funny anecdote, but with what the ticket will cost at the exit, six cars like the one he forgot can be bought. The abandoned car mystery According to him German newspaper Berliner Zeitung, uN Volkswagen Golf of fifth generation, the version sold between 2006 and 2010, has been parked in front of the main door of the Berlin-Brandeburg Airport Willy Brandt for more than a year, without anyone knowing who its owner is. The car, a diesel model with Hannover registration, did not show signs of external damage to the naked eye, except for the obvious dust accumulated by being outdoors for a whole year. But he showed no signs of having been forced. However, the inside the car It showed a very careless appearance. The central console screen was shattered, there were remains of food, wrappers and a half -empty water bottle. From the German medium they describe the appearance of the interior of the vehicle “as if someone had gone in a hurry.” Again, signs of careless use, but There were no obvious samples of having been stolen. In addition, there was a signaling plastic tape knotted to the rear windshield wiper, which added an even more mysterious touch to the situation. Touch the image to go to the original message A parking bill that exceeds, long, the value of the car The German newspaper notes that the Plaza de parking that has “out” This car for a whole year is intended for short stays in front of the flight exit door to leave passengers. These places offer the first 10 minutes free, but then 23 euros are charged per hour as a deterrent method for those who intend to occupy them for a longer time. This means that the parking cost for forgotten golf amounts to 552 euros every day. If that is multiplied by the more than 365 days that has remained forgotten, the bill of That ticket exceeds 201,500 euros. A cost equivalent to what six new Volkswagen Golf would cost. The company that manages the parking lot, Apcoa Deutschland GmbH, contacted the authorities, but according to what was published by Berliner Zeitung, So far no one has been able to locate the owner because the local police have no jurisdiction within the airport and, technically, the parking lot is not publicly, so they have not been able to act and the car is under the management of the winning company. Company sources declared Berliner Zeitung that “due parking quotas may be charged if the car owner is located and this has sufficient financial resources.” Theories about abandonment and lack of denunciation One of the theories is that golf could have been stolen, that false registrations were installed and used to commit a crime. Subsequently, it would have been discreetly abandoned in this airport parking. The truth is that the abandonment of vehicles in airports is not anecdotal. There have been cases of people who have returned to their countries of origin, leaving their cars in the parking lot. Another possibility is that the person who parked it there changed the enrollment intentionally to avoid being tracked, and thus Save the management of the casualty of the vehicle. However, all this are just speculation trying to find something as incredible as the car is forgotten in a parking lot, although we cannot say that it is something impossible. A millionaire forgot his Ferrari F40 in a parking lot in Munich for a decade. It is strange that no one has denounced the presence of this car for so long. A vehicle parked right at the entrance of the airport, in such a visible place, usually caught attention and would be removed quickly. However, this golf has remained there a whole year without anyone doing anything about it. What will happen to golf and its debt Although there are many cases of abandoned cars in airports that end up being auctioned, the situation of this golf is different due to the enormous accumulated debt. According The published in Autobildif the car had been abandoned in Spain, the concessionary company of the parking lot could process its withdrawal and scrapping, after showing signs of abandonment, although the process can take up to six months. Meanwhile, the mystery continues. The car frame number, visible on the windshield, could be the key to identifying the owner, but for now the golf remains an enigma at the Berlin airport. In Xataka | A Ferrari F40 of $ 700,000 Image | Unspash (Apollo Wolff)

A new material with the help of Ruthenium wants to change the rules of green hydrogen

Renewables have postulated as the Future of Energyboth particular and in entire countries. They are also the present, with examples such as Sorpasso in countries like Spain and others like Uruguay pulling practically only renewables for months. Within those renewables, the development of methods to produce green hydrogen more efficiently is key. And a team of South Korean researchers They believe Having found the key to approaching that new era of green hydrogen: a new material that promises to revolutionize energy production. Colors. Hydrogen is extremely abundant in the universe, but it has a problem: finding it without being combined with other elements is very difficult. It is an element that has a great ease to combine and, to use it as a source of energy, it is necessary to separate it from those other elements. There are several ways to do itbut if we use renewables as an energy source, we can achieve what is known as ‘green hydrogen’. Catalysts. By means of the electrolysis technique, water hydrogen is separated. For hydrogen to be “green” it is necessary that, in that process, we use solar, wind or hydroelectric energy as a source of energy. Also an element that works as a catalyst, elements that accelerate the necessary chemical reactions to separate the hydrogen from the element to which it is linked. The better the catalyst, the faster the reaction occurs, making the process more efficient in time and resources. The problem is that they are usually expensive due to the presence of precious metals, which makes them little accessible and also have a high environmental impact because these metals are extracted from mining, some as part of Rare earth. No precious metals. That is why there are researchers experiencing with catalysts based on transition metals, non -metallic materials (such as graphene) and others that combine elements such as ruthenium, silicon and tungsten. Precisely, Ruthenium is the main ingredient of the new catalyst they are developing in the Group of Metrology of Emerging Materials of the Institute for Research and Science Science of Korea (or Kriss). The team had a catalyst with a molybdenum dioxide structure with nickel-molybdenum . They were clear that they had to investigate the Moo₂-Ni₄mo route as a catalyst, but not in their current state. Example of the electrolysis process to separate oxygen hydrogen Ruthenium shield. That’s when they decided to take the eye on Ruthenium. They introduced a small amount of this element into the structure of Moo₂-Ni₄mo and realized that, with river nanpoarticles of a size below the three nanometers, a thin layer was formed on the surface of the catalysts. Impact. This works as a shield that prevents degradation, improving durability. How much? According to its evaluations, the new catalyst presents a durability four times greater and is capable of lasting six times more in activity if compared to other existing commercial materials. All this without using rare or precious metals in the process. In addition, they combined the new catalyst with a photovoltaic system that uses Sovskita-Silicio solar cellsachieving conversion efficiency of 22.8% of solar to hydrogen. It is a promising result because it shows that this new catalyst is not only resistant and accessible, but efficient. Pocket. The problem of green hydrogen is that, although it is a fundamental element in our Way to Discarbonizationhis first appraisal has not been too encouraging. In December last year the first Iberian index of the price of renewable hydrogen was launched. Baptized as mibgas, The starting price was € 148.36/MWh. To compare, that of natural gas was about € 45.83/MWh. It was not something encouraging, but something completely normal due to the current production cost of hydrogen. Not only to talk about the infrastructure (with the entire system not only of electrolysis, but also of solar panels to feed the process), as well as the cost of the catalysts. That is why, cheaper catalysts that maintain high efficiency pave the way to the extraction of green hydrogen at a more restrained price. Looking at the sea. From the KRISS they are confident with their achievements because that new catalyst has not only marked with a green point the sections of price, efficiency and durability, but is exceeding expectations. Sun Hwa Park is the team’s principal researcher and has commented that these catalysts are also demonstrating high stability in saline water. “Currently, green hydrogen production requires purified water, but the use of real seawater could substantially reduce the costs associated with desalination. We plan to continue our research in this area. ” It will be the next challenge of a team that is not alone in this, since there are other teams and universities that have been proposed Exactly the same: use new transition compounds and metals to reduce precious metal dependence on catalysts. Now, everything indicates that it is something that will take time to establish and, without going any further, there we have the price of solar energy and how much it has dropped When technology has been popular. Images | Kriss, IberdrolaDepartment of Energy and Wood Mackenzie In Xataka | A Japanese study is being able to transform methane into a clean energy source: turquorogen turquorogen

“Doing nothing” is a great technique to improve your productivity. Neuroscience is clear

A priori, staring at the infinity without doing anything can collide frontally with the concept of productivity. However, according to science, You are opening a new space in your brain in which to settle knowledge or combine abstract elements that become creative ideas. Against all prognosis, it seems that those small vacations that we give to the brain in the form of dreaming awake – what is commonly known as being embossed – allows to activate parts of the brain involved in the generation of ideas and learning new concepts. Therefore, it is advisable to allow, from time to time, Look at the screen and disconnect from the world Not doing anything. Conscious rest but without connection. Technically known as a quiet state of vigil, or popularly as dreaming of awake or being embobey, it is a relaxed state of environmental awareness that helps the mind to process complex thoughts while it is awake and at rest. Would be the equivalent of putting the Airplane mode on your mobilesince the mind is aware, but somehow the environment disappears and takes prominence more abstract and creative thoughts. Easier. Some people have a special ease to achieve that mental state, but others get it by performing simple and repetitive tasks such as scrubbing dishes, cleaning the car or laying the casting. Many great ideas arrive while you showers or while cooking. Bill Gates has assured In one of his rounds of questions with Reddit users who one of his favorite activities to enter that state of mental relaxation is to scrub the dishes. Science supports it. Do nothing potency memory. The science has triedthat stress harms long -term memory recovery, so a remedy to stop that loss is to make it The brain takes a respite From time to time. A study published in Nature He has reviewed the neuronal mice activity while they dream awake, revealing the activation of different neuronal patterns and activating the hippocampus, the area responsible for memory and learning. These findings indicate the importance of incorporating this disconnection time for the brain to consolidate knowledge and assimilate new data. By anecdotal that seems, it seems that this phase of “doing nothing” contributes to being Much more efficient and productive when you return to activity. Let crazy ideas flow. When he was barely 16, the Nobel Prize Albert Einstein had the inspiration to develop his theory of relativity that would forever change the concepts of modern physics. Although development was the result of years of work, Inspiration came to him while dreaming awake. The evidence. A study published in 2022 It indicates that the mental state that reaches the brain when it enters this state of conscious reverie is similar to the one it adopts during creative processes, so it is not surprising that the result is the generation of new and creative ideas as a result of the combination of the combination of Abstract elements and knowledge that we have learned. In that state, the brain becomes a drawer of cognitive sand for ideas and has fun playing with them and giving new approaches in a subconscious way. The scenario is similar to the one that occurs During the first phases of sleepwith the advantage that, when you wake up from that conscious “trance”, you will remember the idea and you can develop or discard it, something that is not always achieved with ideas during sleep, which are forgotten when you wake up. I’m not empanado, I’m solving problems. Another benefits of achieving a mental state of conscious reverie demonstrated by science is problem solving. Studies relate The increase in creativity in this state with the increase in the ability to solve problems. Researchers have discovered that people who take time to dream awake before facing the resolution of a problem demonstrate greater capacity and do so more creatively. To the Perform magnetic resonancesFrom their brains, they have found that several regions of their brains were very active, including the executive network related to the resolution of complicated problems. In Xataka | There is a way to stop procrastination and increase your productivity: the five second rule In Xataka | Science has denied the morning mantra of productivity gurus: cold shower is as useless as early morning Image | Pexels (Sora Shimazaki) *An earlier version of this article was published in January 2024

In 1938 Franco commissioned an experiment with prisoners in a monastery of Burgos. Thus began the search for the “communist” gene

In the list of darker experiments that once launched in Spain there is one that continues to remain in the top positions. It happened at the end of the 1930s inside an architecture that today is historical heritage, A abbey trapped on the outskirts of Burgos. The basis for carrying out the study started from a premise as simple as Martian: The communist, is born or done? In search of the “red” gene. Between 1938 and 1939, In full Spanish Civil Warthe Franco regime undertook one of the most sinister experiments in its history. Under the direction of Psychiatrist Antonio Vallejo-NájeraHead of the psychiatric services of Franco’s army, a study that sought to find a biological predisposition to Marxism, what he called the Marxist fanaticism biopsiquism. The purpose of this research was to demonstrate that communism and democratic ideologies were not the result of a conscious choice, but rather of A hereditary biopsychic tara, a mental inferiority that could be identified. Context: The regime psychiatrist. Vallejo-Nájera (1889-1960) was One of the most influential figures of Franco’s psychiatry. With training in Germany, where he came into contact with Nazi psychiatry, he developed a racial and genetic theory applied to the Spanish context, arguing that Marxism was the result of mental inferiority and that it should be eradicated from the root. In 1938, Franco assigned him the direction of the Psychiatric Services of the Francoist Armywhat allowed him to lead A pseudoscientific program based on eugenics, xenophobic psychology and coercive psychiatry. San Pedro de Cardeña became its experimentation laboratory, where international republican prisoners and brigades were subjected to evidence in order to “decipher” the communist psyche. Facade of the monastery The excuse. The study, financed and approved by Franco, It was developed for ten months, analyzing those prisoners of war through psychological testsanthropomorphic measurements and behavioral evaluations. Your conclusionspublished in the Spanish magazine of Medicine and War Surgery, would serve as justification for one of the most brutal policies of Franco: the systematic separation of the children of Republicans of their families to avoid their “ideological contagion”, the segregation of prisoners and The consolidation of a dictatorship that relied on scientific manipulation to eradicate dissent. The “study.” The epicenter of the investigation, as we said before, was the then concentration camp of San Pedro de Cardeñaan old monastery in Burgos that was converted into a detention center for Republican prisoners and International Brigades Members. The Vallejo-Nájera study divided prisoners into five large groupseach analyzed with preconceived hypothesis about their “biological degeneration.” Namely: International Brigadistas: It was sought to contrast their characteristics with those of Spanish prisoners to identify differences in the “origin of Marxism.” Spanish Republican prisoners: considered key to finding the “red gene.” Republican dams: it was claimed that their political participation responded to uncontrolled sexual impulses. Catalan prisoners: analyzed as “doubly dangerous” for their “Marxist fanaticism” and “antispañolism”. Basque prisoners: considered an “anomalous” group, as they were Catholics, but “contaminated by the revolutionary element.” Plus: the analysis included cranial measurements, facial studies and personality tests, all with the intention of finding common physical and psychological features between The Marxists. The results were not only biased, obvious, but served as an ideological basis for justifying the persecution and extermination of Republicans. Pseudoscientific conclusions. After months of “research”, Vallejo-Nájera He published his conclusions in the Spanish Magazine of Medicine and War Surgery. Among its most aberrant and extreme postulates, there were assertions such as Marxism is linked to mental inferiority. According to the psychiatrist, the communists were mostly “antisocial psychopaths” and His segregation from childhood would prevent society from “suffering its plague”. He also stressed that Democracies promote resentment. In his vision, democratic regimes allowed the “social failed” to triumph through public policies, in contrast to authoritarian regimes, which favored the most suitable. I also thought that Marxism was a racial phenomenon. Influenced by Nazi ideology, man proposed the need for “racial purification” to eradicate the elements considered “dangerous” to Spain. For all this, he indicated that The militarization of society was the only solution. In other words, he defended a model in which military discipline had to permeate all institutions, from school to the theater, to guarantee the “superiority of the Spanish race.” The role of women. Another of the darkest aspects of his study was the characterization of republican women as An “irrational” and “dangerous” being. According to Vallejo-Nájera Women participated in politics only for uncontrolled sexual impulsesand Marxism in women was a consequence of their “weak mental balance”, which made them more prone to cruelty. In fact and as we said, I thought that religion was the only one that could act as a brake to avoid its moral “corruption.” These ideas were also used as a justification to restrict women’s participation in public life and to establish a model of a woman submissive to the service of the homeland. The theft of children: applying the study. We indicate it at the beginning. One of the most abominable legacies of Vallejo-Nájera’s theories was The implementation of a forced separation system of the children of Republicans. His theory suggested that Children from Marxist families had to be separated from their parents to avoid its “ideological contamination.” What happened? That The reasoning resulted in the systematic theft of babiesa practice that continued even after Franco. In fact, it is estimated that thousands of children were taken from their families and delivered to institutions or families related to the regime, in what is considered one of the greatest crimes of Franco. Gestapo and Nazism. The San Pedro de Cardeña experiment was not carried out in isolation, but It was attended by members of the Gestapo and German scientists who conducted tests in Republican prisoners. This collaboration reflected the ideological and methodological links between Franco and Nazism, especially in the use of psychiatry as a tool of political repression. (Re) discovering the experiment. The truth is that, for decades, Vallejo-Nájera’s investigations were forgotten, protected by the silence imposed by Franco. So it … Read more

What cars can circulate and which ones rest on February 15

The weekend returns, on Saturday and, indeed, today does not circulate Sabatino. The restrictions of this peculiar program for the reduction of emissions where it is applied again is active as every week. This is carried out because, obviously, the program devised by the CDMX Ministry of Environment is maintained active (Sedema). This is the one that specifies what the restrictions are and which are applied at every moment. The restrictions, as you surely know, only apply where the does not circulate today is active. That is, for now we talk about the 16 mayors in Mexico City and in the following conurbation municipalities of the State of Mexico: Atizapán de Zaragoza Coacalco de Berriozábal Cuautitlán Cuautitlán Izcalli Chalco Chicoloapan Chimalhuacán Ecatepec de Morelos Huixquilucan Ixtapaluca La Paz Naucalpan de Juárez Nezahualcóyotl Nicolás Romero Tecámac Tlalnepantla de Baz Tultitlán Chalco Valley What cars and plaques affect the Sabatino today Once we have all this into account, what is carried out and why is it activated today? As you can see in the upper image, the intention is to remove some vehicles from the circulation (temporarily) to reduce the pollutant emissions we breathe. These restrictions are mostly applied from Monday to Friday and apply taking into account the hologram and plate number, as specified in the upper image. But on Saturdays, the thing is complicated because not every Saturday highlights the same cars. Why is it complicated? Because, as we can see below, the combination of hologram and plate number will leave us the following options: Cars that can circulate every Saturday Cars that have to rest every Saturday Cars that rest on a Saturday yes and another Restrictions, in addition, that do not apply all day. They apply between 05:00 and 10:00 p.m.. That is, at night we can move freely and without taking into account any type of restriction. To be clear whether or not we are affected by today’s restrictions, the first thing we have to look at is what hologram we have in our car. If, for example, we have hologram 0 or 00, we will not have to attend to the restrictions mentioned here since we can move freely. On the contrary, with a hologram car 2 we will either have much to think but we have bad news: you can not circulate any Saturday. That is, if you have a car with hologram 2, what has to be clear is that you will not be able to move it in the time specified by the standard. Finally, they are those of Hologram 1 Those who rotate and, therefore, where you can fall into errors more easily. In this case, those of cars with Hologram 1 and plaque finished in odd number will have to stay at home because we are facing the third Saturday of the month (February 15). Cars with hologram 1 rotate every week. The odd numbers coincide with Saturdays of odd weeks. Therefore, next week (fourth Saturday of February), cars with hologram 1 and plaque finished in torque will have to stay home. Of course, we cannot forget that there are some exceptions that go beyond being able to circulate freely at night. Thus, the following cars can move with total freedom: Those that work for electricity, natural gas or are hybrid Those who have disabled plate All those dedicated to urban transport services (includes funerals) Those who offer school or passenger transport Those destined for public safety and/or civil protection In case of breaching these restrictions, the fine will be 20 to 30 times the unit of measurement and update (Uma), which is equivalent to 1,924.40 pesos and even 2,886.60 pesos. Image | Ingo Joseph In Xataka | Contamination is not only making you live less and worse. You are also making you darker

Marijuana was for years one of the most potential industries in the United States. Now has entered Barrena

HE Curves come For him cannabis sector In the United States. Curved and slippery curves that will make it difficult for companies focused on that market for two reasons, both equally challenging. One is the imminent expiration of debt they face and that some experts encrypt in 6,000 million dollars. The other is The legal framework in which they are forced to operate, a context that deprives them of some of the advantages and facilities that companies in other sectors do in trouble. There are those who already talk about bubble burst of cannabis in the US and fears that a bankruptcy waterfall now arrives. A sector in trouble. There are no quiet times for the American cannabis industry, forced to deal with a series of challenges, including financing, debt expiration and laws. Bloomberg explains in A broad analysis which is summarized in a single sentence: companies in the sector face the need to deal with a millmillionary debt without the ‘Legal oxygen ball that they would have if their activity were another. What does that mean? That because of the nature of his merchandise, cannabis, which It is still illegal In the eyes of the federal administration, companies in the sector face a particularly vulnerable situation when they have to deal with their creditors. Most businesses can resort to the bankruptcy court and shield themselves to renegotiate their debt; But like Remember From the firm Harris Beach Murtha, the companies dedicated to cannabis do not usually enjoy the protection of the US bankruptcy code. “To date, US courts have been reluctant to administer bankrupt confirm In Fox Rothschild. “Virtually all bankruptcy cases involving a restructuring or sale of cannabis -related entities Controlled Substances Lawthe CSA “. A figure: 6,000 million. This handicap, derived from the legal status of its merchandise at the federal level, is important right now because the sector faces the perspective of having to deal with a quite considerable debt in not much time. According to the calculations Shared with Bloomberg By Beau Whitney, chief economist of Whitney Economicsnext year will overcome a debt of up to 6,000 million dollars. And the figure includes only the largest companies in the sector, those that operate in several states. And two percentages: 42 and 27%. That default figure (6,000 million dollars) is bulky, but alone it does not say much. If it is so important, it is because it catches the sector at a complex moment in which at least part of the industry has not yet managed to market legal marijuana a stable business. Whitney handles A couple of data They help to understand it: if in 2022 more than 42% of distributors claimed to have obtained benefits, last year that percentage had been reduced to 27%. They are figures from the past, but as Bloomberg requires They talk to us of the future of the sector: part of those companies that have not yet been able to consolidate will probably end up broken. Others will have no choice but to sit with their creditors in a scenario that is not favorable. “The refinancing of this cycle will be carried out at much higher interest rates and companies will not have the cash flow to manage it,” confirms the economistwhich speaks of “a huge debt bubble.” What is the legal scenario? Marijuana Policy Project (MPP), an US organization dedicated to promoting legalization, explains it clearly: “Although the vast majority of states have reformed the laws on cannabis, the position of the federal government has remained practically unchanged since the early 70s. Except for rare circumstances, at the federal level marijuana and its products are illegal and They are subject to the application of the criminal law. “ Despite this federal framework, MPP remembers that “state governments record and regulate the production and sales of cannabis.” Right now There are states in which it allows the consumption of marijuana for medical but not recreational purposes, others that have legalized both uses and also certain territories in which it is totally illegal. In A plane in which the regulatory framework of each of the states at the beginning of this year, the American Nonsmoker´s Rights Foundation (ANRF) calculated that there are 39 in which smoking is allowed at least for medicinal purposes. Looking to the future. The result of this difference in criteria between the Federal Administration and the states themselves derives in a complex scenario, Recognize MPPin which a person “can fulfill a set of laws on marijuana and at the same time violate another.” Until now the federal government has not considered that state regulations shock with the Supreme clause which is pronounced in its favor in the Constitution, which is explained in part because the cultivation and sale falls on private companies. Last year the Department of Justice He moved file For marijuana to be classified as a less dangerous substance, which would have direct effects on companies in the sector, reducing their expenses and favoring that many are “profitable”according to the industry itself. With the change of government and the arrival of Donald Trump to the White House (and his New prosecutor, Pam Bondi) An unknown is now opened. And what are the figures? Apart from the legal framework, the 6,000 million debt about to defeat calculated by Whitney They tell us about something else: the weight and implementation that has reached the sector in the US. Pew Research Center data show that eight out of 10 Americans (79% of the population, to be exact) have at least one store where they can buy marijuana in their county. Moreover, the same study center calculates that 54% of Americans He lives in a state that allows the recreational use of marijuana and around 15,000 dispensaries are distributed throughout the US, especially common on the west and northwest and points like Michigan or Oklahoma. The Flowhub firm in fact indicates that the legal cannabis industry is directly related to 440,400 jobs full -time and that in … Read more

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