Mobile Tech & Gadgets

For resources at stake

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The phrase “a small step for man” is recorded in collective memory such as the zenith of space exploration. The United States won the race to the Soviet Union when Neil Armstrong marked the lunar soil with his footprint. However, 56 years later, Washington looks at the moon again with concern. The rival has changed, and the prize is much greater than the simple feat of arriving. The new space race against China is not for glory, but for the control of the resources that will define the future in space and the balance of power on earth. Sean Duffy’s promise. Hours after Starship will complete its tenth flightthe first successful of the last four attempts, NASA’s acting administrator made a resounding statement: “In 2027, we will send American astronauts to the Moon. We won yesterday’s space race, we will win today’s space race against China, and we will always win tomorrow’s space race.” Artemis delays. The initial date set by NASA for a new moon -deduction with humans was 2024. As noted Alejandro Alcantilla de NSFby then they were neither the central stage of the SLS rocket, nor the Orion ship, nor the spatial suits of the astronauts, much less the HLS Aunidation module: a spacex starship adapted to land on the moon. The last date planned for the Mission Artemis III It is August 2027. It is possible that the other elements of the mission are ready by then, but more and more analysts question that the Starship ship arrives on time, since it accumulates its own delays. The “lost” year of Starship. The gigantic Spacex ship is the only US trick to pose its astronauts on the moon, at least until The Blue Origin alternative Be ready. But its development has suffered a significant break. After a successful flight in June 2024, Elon Musk’s company has needed more than a year to channel the program. This year of scarce advances in Starbase has kept NASA in suspense. Especially because Spacex still has to demonstrate the transfer of propellants in space on a scale never seen before moving forward with a crewless -rating in 2026. The Methodic Lunar Conquest of China. Far from political fluctuations that often affect Western space programs, China has followed a persistent plan for decades. The Robotic Missions Chang’e have already logged First samples of the hidden face of the moon. But they have been only the beginning. China’s goal is create a huge base on the moon with its partnersfor which it has been developing its own manned lunar program. China plans Send your first astronauts to the moon in 2030and their engineers are advancing like a clock towards that goal. In recent weeks, the state company CASC has successfully tested a prototype of its Lanyue lunar module and completed a static ignition of the CZ-10 heavy rocket. For experts in the Chinese space program, Like Dean Chengit is “quite likely that the Chinese terrify on the moon before NASA can return.” The Wild West of Lunar Resources. China’s hypothetical victory in space would be an unprecedented geopolitical defeat for the United States, but not for the fact of reaching the moon, something that after all already made between 1969 and 1972. American senator John Cornyn exposed it bluntly: “Those who control the last border control the future. If the United States does not take advantage of the non -exploit resources of the Moon, China will do it.” According to him Scientific Policy Professor Kazuto Suzukithis is not a race to put your feet on the moon. It is a career to find and control lunar resources. “China wants to be the first to have the right to dominate and monopolize resources, it is the wild west.” What resources do we talk about? Although the 1967 ultra -resort treaty prohibits the national appropriation of celestial bodies, the reality is that whoever arrives first and establishes the infrastructure will have an advantage to exploit the vast treasures offered by the moon: Ice water: concentrated in the perpetual shadow craters of the lunar poles. Not only is it vital for life, but it can decompose in hydrogen and oxygen, the basic components to produce rocket fuel. A base in the South Lunar Pole would be, in effect, a “gas station” for future missions to Mars and beyond. Helio-3: A light and weird isotope on Earth that is abundant in the lunar regolite. It is considered a clean and efficient fuel potential for nuclear fusion, the energy of the future. Metals and minerals: The lunar surface is rich in iron, titanium, aluminum and the most crucial material, silicon. These materials could be used to build and maintain a base using local resources, from make bricks with lunar dust to print solar panels. Solar energy: Without an atmosphere that dispenses it, solar energy in lunar poles is constant and abundant, a reliable energy source to feed a human base. The nuclear reactor and its exclusion zone. The fear in Washington is that the first country to establish a functional base can, in practice, claim the territory. This concern became explicit a few days ago when the US administration urged NASA to install a nuclear fission reactor on the moon by 2030anticipating the plans withoutorruse. A nuclear reactor is indispensable to survive icy and long two -week lunar nights, where solar energy is not an option. The directive made it clear: “The first country to do so could declare an exclusion zone, which would significantly limit the United States.” In addition, the highest land control is at stake, key to master communications, navigation and military intelligence on Earth. A lot of power at stake. If China manages to alunize before the United States, we would be before the end of American exceptionalism. Arriving first translates into a decisive influence to establish the technical standards and communication protocols of the cislunar space. The United States has the advantage of its experience and a more advanced private sector, but … Read more

The incident of the plane in which Von der Leyen was traveling was not another scare. It is a vulnerability that Europe cannot ignore

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Like our mobiles or our cars, airplanes turn to satellites to know where they are. These signals, integrated into the FMS management system (FMS)improve the precision and efficiency of aerial trajectories. Nevertheless, That system is not unique or infallible: In interference situations, pilots must resort to classical aid such as inertial systems, terrestrial radio aids or even paper maps. In times of war, These setbacks have become more commonespecially in areas close to active conflicts. What was previously a rare incident is a real concern for airlines, controllers and governments. The recent flight of Ursula von der Leyen to Bulgaria has put it back in the fore, remembering that even the most advanced systems can fail and that Europe is reinforcing its defenses to avoid it. When the GNSS system of a plane gives problems Surely you have heard of “GPS” to refer to satellite positioning. It is a popular term, but technically incorrect: the system is called GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and integrates several constellations, such as the American GPS, European Galileo, Russian Glonass and Chinese Beidou. In aviation, modern receptors can combine signals from different networks To improve reliability, which allows aircraft to plan more efficient routes and land accurately in airports where it was unthinkable before. The incident with the Ursula von der Leyen plane is a good example of what happens when that network fails. The European Commission confirmed that its flight experienced an interruption of the satellite signal on August 31, 2025, when it approached Plovdiv, south of Bulgaria. According to Reutersand Financial Timesthe pilots completed the landing using printed letters and traditional navigation procedures. Bulgaria explained that “The satellite signal that transmitted information to the GNSS system of the plane was neutralized.” The commission added thataccording to the Bulgarian authorities, there is suspected “flagrant interference” by Russia; Moscow denies it. If you have ever wondered how a plane continues to fly when GNSS loses, the answer is in the redundancy. In addition to satellite signals, it has inertial systems They calculate the position using accelerometers and gyroscopes, as well as radiusayudas on land as. In Europe, The Galileo Network Work next to Egnosan increase system that corrects errors and allows precision operations. This technological network makes GNS loss complicate the flight, but reduces risk scenarios. When we talk about “interferences” we do not always refer to the same. There are two main techniques: Jammingwhich blocks the signals, and Spoofingthat introduces false information to deceive the receiver. For pilots, both phenomena can translate into changes in experience and greater workload. Therefore, although Von der Leyen’s flight ends well, the event has served as a reminder: the skies have become a more complex land with this type of threats in the air. The president of the European Commission greets Bulgarian Prime Minister Rossen Jeliazkov upon arrival in Plovdiv, on a trip marked by an incident of Jamming Satellitan A clear example of these risks occurred in March 2024. The positioning system of the Royal Air Force plane that transported the then Secretary of Defense of the United Kingdom, Grant Shapps, It was interfered for several minutes while flying near the Russian enclave of Kalinningrad. According to British government sources cited by Reutersthe pilots had to resort to alternative navigation methods. The Kremlin did not comment on the event, which was interpreted in the West as a demonstration of the electronic warfare capabilities of Russia. Bulgaria and the European Commission point to Russia as possible responsible for the interference suffered by the Dassault Falcon 900lx (registration oo-gpe) that transferred Ursula von der Leyen, Operated by Luxaviation Belgium and en route aab53g between Warsaw and Plovdiv, According to Flightradar24 data. The aircraft was a charter flight, since community institutions do not have an official fleet, and there are no conclusive evidence or confirmation that it was a deliberate action against the plane. Moscow has denied any involvement. The aircraft was a charter flight, since community institutions do not have its own official fleet. To what extent is it dangerous to lose GNSS signal in full flight? Redundant systems and emergency procedures drastically reduce the risk of an accident, but do not eliminate concern. EASA warns that interference GNSS can degrade communication, navigation and supervision functions, and cause false TAWS alerts (Terrain Awareness and Warning System), the alert system that warns the crew when there is Risk of collision with land or obstacles. Each extra alarm in cabin implies more workload for crews, which must react rapidly to maintain flight safety. According to Airbuswhen the GNSS signal is lost, the aircraft does not lose its main navigation capacity. The flight management system (FMS) compensates for loss using data from other sources such as inertial reference systems (IRS) and RadioAyudas (Vor/DME), maintaining a precise position calculation. However, some high precision navigation and surveillance functions that depend exclusively on the GNSS can be temporarily affected until the signal is recovered. The institutional response also advances. The European Commissioner of Defense, Andrius Kubilius, announced that the European Union plans to strengthen its satellite network in low orbit To improve the detection of interference, although deadlines or operational details have not yet been completed. Galileo already offers Osnmaan operational service since July 24, 2025 that authentic navigation messages and helps identify and mitigate attempts to supplant signal (spoofing). Ursula von der Leyen plane landed without serious incidents, but the message is clear: without satellite navigation, modern aviation loses an essential piece. Europe works to reinforce this infrastructure, both technological and defensively, with the aim that what happened in Bulgaria is an isolated episode in a technological war that is already fought in space and cyberspace. The details of these measures are yet to be defined. Images | Dassault Aviation | Rossen Jeliazkov In Xataka | For years the Airbus A380 symbolized European power against Boeing. Today it survives as a colossus without the kingdom

50 years ago, a man won the ‘US Dakar’ with an unusual co -pilot: his dog

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Dogs have been evolving thousands of years to become our best friends and They have a special memory When it comes to remembering our pampering. Other memories have a very short life in their head, but the safest thing is that Kookie, a mestizo dog, will remember throughout his life the adventures he had with John McCown, his owner. Because they did not give normal walks through the park: they toured the motorcycle desert competing in official tests. And Kookie was not the package: it was the co -pilot. The strange couple. Imagine The scenetoday impossible due to so straight regulations, the era of telemetrías, the absolute control of each extra gram in a competition vehicle and the most absolute technification: a dog uploaded on the deposit of a motorcycle, which competed in official tests and was moving based on the land they were going through. In the 60s, the carnicero by profession John McCown liked to walk with his bike. He did it accompanied by Kookie, his dog, who placed a back basket. At one point, John was going to go one step further: he bought an off -road motorcycle and began to get into his head that could compete in Cross competitions. He did so, and did not leave Kookie behind. My dog ​​knows how to wear the motorcycle. Instead of a basket, John improvised a “seat” with a blanket on the gas tank of his Husky 400 and OSSA 175 SDRand that is where Kookie felt like fish in the water. I imagine that the dog would be waiting for good doses of bones at the end of the day and that was the motivation, but the truth is that I was not there to make bulk: John and Kookie trusted each other to wear the motorcycle. During about 300 tests, the couple ate hundreds of potholes, swallowed dust and crossed puddles while both adapted their position on the vehicle to tame it in the best possible way. In This article From the American Motorcyclist magazine, McCown’s wife, McCown Describe That Kookie bowed to the curves, leaned on the deposit in the rugged field and stood up when potholes came. A bomb. Both executed a choreography on the motorcycle, and although at first they did not do it as an advertising maneuver, it is evident that it caught the attention of many. They appeared in the documentary movie ‘On Any Sunday‘, Kookie starred in children’s books such as’ Kookie the Motorcycle Racing Dog’ and ‘Kookie Rides Again’ and even brands like Ossa, Can-Am and Kawasaki the They sponsored. Kookie Junior. When Kookie got on the motorcycle, she was 10 years old. Hundreds of races later, and with 13, after a check, McCown preferred that his compi would limit to some shorter and less demanding races. Until 14, when John decided that Kookie should hang the helmet and live on the couch. He died at age 16, but as John remembers in the 1981 article, before leaving he left a litter. One of them was baptized as Kookie Junior, and for 10 years, he ran with John as Kookie had done before. They got some off-road championship (such as the 175cc class championship) and, although some wondered if it was not crazy, it was a friendship that benefited both of them for fun and for the company in the long and hard careers for the western American deserts. To the hall of fame. Such was the legend of McCown and Kookie (s) that were included In the Hot Shoe Hall of Fame, an organization and museum dedicated to preserving the history of motorcycle races in ‘Flat Track’ and ‘Speedway’, recognizing both the pilots and the mechanics, personalities and influential journalists in that world. “Kookie learned to read the terrain, leaning back in the rugged and standing at the most smooth. John could always know what came ahead because of the way Kookie moved.” – Description of the “plaque” of the Hot Shoe Hall of Fame. Unfortunately, that recognition is something that John did not live. McCown He died In 2011 due to complications after cardiac operation. On the other side, surely Kookie and KJ were waiting for him, with the engine on and ready for one more adventure. Images | McCown, Race DezertAmerican Motorcyclist In Xataka | “With head, we would all go on motorcycles of 20 hp”: there is a bud debate about how much power is too much power for a motorcycle

How some salt has managed to overcome the efficiency of solar panels

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In the kitchen, a pinch of salt is enough to give life to a dish. In the laboratory, another very different salt promises a similar effect, to give a new flavor to solar energy. What for the scientists of the University College in London is a simple chemical additive, it could become the seasoning that revolutionizes the energy future. Seasoning the panels. A team from University College London (UCL) has proven To add Guanidininum Tiocyanate to Perovskitas allows you to manufacture more efficient and stable solar cells. In trials with tin and lead perovskitas in the lower layer of tandem cells – they achieved a 22.3% efficiency, near the record for that family. Scientists have underlined a double effect: more performance and more useful life by reducing microscopic defects during crystals. Just a pinch of salt. The secret is how crystals form. Normally, during manufacturing, Perovskita crystals are formed in a disorderly way, with microscopic imperfections that reduce their efficiency and shorten their useful life. In this way, the guanidinium tiocyanate enters that acts as a modulator: it slows down and controls that process, achieving smoother and more uniform layers. It is as if adding salt, the crystals had time to grow more orderly, without leaving holes or defects that then act as electrons traps. A complementary study at ACS Energy Letters deepened in this mechanism. According to the authors, Guanidinio cations not only improve the quality of the glass, but also facilitate the extraction of electric charge, reduce ion migration and increase stability. This is especially important in the inverted structures (PIN), which are considered more stable in the long term than conventional ones. In the words of the first author of the studyYueyao Dong (UCL): “By modulating the formation of crystals in a controlled way, we were able to create much higher quality films, a change that translates directly into more efficient and durable devices.” The next solar border. The implications go far beyond a laboratory record. The issue is that each layer of Perovskita’s tandem can be designed to absorb different parts of the solar spectrum, which allows to take advantage of more light and turn it into electricity. So, According to UCLusing this type of “salt” in the lower tandem layer could further push records, since other Pervskita tandem They have exceeded more than 40% laboratory efficiency. Can you climb? Perovskitas have another advantage: they are manufactured with low temperature processes, simpler and less energy intensive than silicon. That opens the door to light and flexible modules, integrable in facades, windows or Curved surfaces. However, the interesting thing about this finding is that the additive acts during the manufacture, without the need to redesign the device. In theory, this facilitates moving it from laboratory cells to industrial modules. A door that still has to cross. However, the biggest challenge is still pending: Long -term certified durability. Perovskitas still have to demonstrate that they resist years of sun, humidity and heat without degrading. To this is added the question of lead, present in many formulations. Precisely UCL’s work bet by the tin-pull mixture, with focus on stability and reduction of defects. They are steps in the right direction, but not the final goal. ACS ENERGY LOTTERS STUDY Add a curious nuance: Small dose of Guanidinio help; Too much can be counterproductive and stop cargo transport. In other words: this seasoning works as in the kitchen, where an excess of salt ruins the recipe. A simple touch makes the difference. Like a pinch of salt, it enhances the taste of a dish, a pinch of guanidinio tiocyanate can turn Perovskita into the main ingredient of the energy transition. What until recently was a promising but fragile material, it begins to consolidate as a real alternative to silicon. If science manages to stabilize and climb it, we could be facing the beginning of a new solar era: cleaner, more powerful and more accessible. Image | Unspash and Unspash Xataka | All solar panel technologies that exist and which are more efficient, in a graph that goes 1975 until today

This company is China’s great hope to definitely dispense with Nvidia chips

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In China there are dozens of companies that are dedicated to the design of GPU for applications of artificial intelligence (AI). Stepfun, which belongs to Tencent Holdings; Infinigence ai; Siliconflow, from Huawei; Metax; Biren Technology; Focus me; Iluvatar Corex or Moore Threads They are some of the most important. However, currently One shines more than the others. In fact, as we have anticipated from the head of this article, this company is the best China asset when dispensing with the Nvidia chips. Although it is not as well known as Huawei or Moore Threads, Cambricon Technologies is one of the companies specialized in the design of GPU for AI with greater growth potential. In fact, he has received the approval of the Shanghai bag (China) to raise 560 million dollars. Will allocate them to the design of four chips for training and inference of AI models, and also to the development of an alternative to CUDAfrom Nvidia. To this company everything seems to be going well. And is that during the last twelve months The value of its actions has tripled. The strategic role of AI for China in its technological and commercial war with the US supports Chinese companies dedicated to the hardware design for AI and the development of large language models. However, there is more than promises to boost the business not only of Cambricon Technologies, but also that of the other Chinese companies that design integrated circuits for AI: the Chinese government has decided to force the data centers that belong to the State throughout the country To use at least 50% of Chinese integrated circuits on their servers. Cambricon Technologies is not an emerging company like the others China needs talent to compete with the US on equal terms and knows where you should look for it: in its population. In fact, the Administration has encouraged the implementation of elite educational centers that receive the best students in the country with open arms. The Chen brothers were two of them. Today are the founders and maximums responsible for Cambricon Technologies. The first, Chen Tianshi, exercises as president and general director of this company specialized in chip design for AI applications. And the second, Chen Yunji, is an expert in the development of processors for neural networks that, as far as we know, exercises as an advisor and responsible for technology in Cambricon. Both formed in An elite program for young talents In the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and currently the two are researchers and professors in this educational institution. Your best asset is its complementarity. Tianshi is an expert in chips design, and Yunji in AI. Chen Tianshi and Chen Yunji obtained their doctorates in computer science at age 24 Together they created a project at the Chinese Academy of Sciences that pursued a processor specialized in deep learning. Their plan went well and that chip allowed them to found their company. Their curriculum supports them, and there is no doubt that their effort has helped them reach the position in which they are. In fact, both obtained their doctorates in computer science at age 24. However, Cambricon is not a traditional emerging company. The growth of which we have spoken a few lines above and the expectations it has raised have been led by the support of the Chinese government, which sees in this company the opportunity to achieve the technological self -sufficiency it needs. During the last three years Huawei has established himself as one of the main Chinese GPU designers for AI, but Cambricon has something that this giant does not count at the moment: he combines a very ambitious hardware and A constant software platform improves. Huawei Ascend family chips are very competitive, and also has Cann (Compute Architecture for Neural Networks), what is Your alternative to Cudabut Cambricon is demonstrating that he has the ability to adapt its Neuware software very quickly to the needs of its customers. And in a market in which CUDA governs with iron fist It is a very important asset. Currently the flagship products that have changed to compete with Nvidia and Huawei in the Chinese market are the MLU series (Machine Learning Unit) and yes. In fact, the expectations of the Chinese semiconductor industry defend that the GPU Siyuan 690 will have comparable performance to the chip NVIDIA H100. In addition, Cambricon guarantees that their products are compatible with the models of the leaders in China, such as Deepseek, Qwen de Alibaba or Hunyuan de Tencent, among others, which has allowed it Gain the confidence of the Chinese industry. If we add that, According to Financial Timesfor developers it is easier to use neuware that Cann is reasonable to anticipate that during the next months Cambricon will monopolize the attention of the technology industry. Image | Cambricon Technologies In Xataka | Nvidia has to deal with the absolute distrust of several US legislators. His plan in China is in danger In Xataka | The US wants to end the chips for the Chinese that are sold abroad. And China knows how to defend oneself

If you have an old PC, there is an effective alternative against the requirements of Windows 11 and the Bloatware: Flyoobe works

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With the End of Windows 10 support Scheduled for October 2025, many users face the dilemma of Buy a new team or search for alternatives to install Windows 11 in hardware that officially does not meet the requirements. Flyoobeborn from the evolution of the excellent Flyby11is presented as an integral solution to overcome Microsoft restrictions while also adds mechanisms so that the user has greater control over the operating system. A project that covers a need. Microsoft demands specific requirements for Windows 11, including TPM 2.0, Secure Boot and compatible processors. This He has left millions of computers that, although functional, they will not be able to update from Windows 10 officially once The support is for. Given this situation, tools such as Flyobe allow the most of many of the officially incompatible teams with Windows 11. How magic works. Flyobe’s secret lies in using the Windows Server installation variant, which automatically omits the TPM, Secure Boot and CPU compatibility checks. The final result remains standard Windows 11, but without the barriers imposed by Microsoft. The tool automatically manages the discharge and assembly of the necessary ISO, simplifying the entire process. More than a simple bypass method. While the classic Flyby11 version was limited to raffling hardware restrictions, Flyobe goes several steps beyond. Its main added is the complete control over the OOBE (OUT-OF-BOX Experience), that first experience you have when you turn on a new computer. Instead of accepting Microsoft’s default values, you can customize from the predetermined browser to the elimination of unwanted applications from the first start. The latest updates improve experience. Version 1.6 From the tool, which until the moment of writing this article is the most recent, incorporates a renewed interface with four clearly defined main options. It especially highlights its improved Bloatware elimination tool, which more effectively detects and eliminates the unnecessary applications that Windows 11 installs by default. It also includes an expanded application installer and text search to find specific options quickly. It is not the only alternative. Although there are alternatives such as RUFUS To create modified installation media, Flyobe turns towards a more complete option for those users who want a whole and very useful one. We also have other outstanding options such as Tiny11born with the premise of offering a lighter and lighter windows 11 for all types of devices. Flyobe brings together in the same application both what made Flyby11 shine to eliminate the requirements of Windows 11, and its new options to eliminate the system from the system and many other very interesting options. What you should take into account. Microsoft believes that non -compatible devices “have no guarantee of receiving updates.” Although in practice the majority continue to receive monthly security patches, from Flyoobe’s own page in Github warns The risk of future updates failing or Microsoft blocks access. In addition, if your processor is not compatible with The popcnt requirement or the SSE 4.2 instructions set, it will be impossible to install Windows 11, since they are essential instructions for the operation of Windows 11 24h2 and future updates. This set of instructions was already admitted by relatively old processors today, as the first generation of Intel Core i7 (2008). In Xataka | Windows 11: 42 functions and tricks to squeeze the operating system to the maximum

With the James Webb we have seen the oldest black hole in the universe. But you just have more questions

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He James Webb Space Telescope has accustomed us to discoveries that break with our schemes mental The last discovery Where he has been the protagonist, he has undoubtedly re -rethink what we knew about the universe, by confirming the existence of the black hole more distant ever observed. Something that will allow answering some questions that astronomy still had. A colossus that has already been baptized. This black hole has received the name of Capers-lrd-Z9 And it is 13,300 million light years away, which means that we are seeing it as it was just 500 million years after big Bang. In this way, its existence, and especially the size it has, challenges everything we thought about how these giants grow. How this black hole was found. Finding something that is so far is not a simple task precisely. Astronomers used program data Capers (Candels-Aea Prism Epoch of Reion Survey) of the James Webb space telescope, specially designed for explore the confines of the universe. The leader of the research team, Anthony Taylor, Explain that “when looking for black holes, this is the farthest that can be reached in practice. We are really expanding the limits of what current technology can detect.” A discovery to confirm. The key to confirmation was spectroscopy, the technique that breaks down the light of an objective in its different wavelengths, such as a prism. For Identify an active black holescientists are looking for an unmistakable firm: gas that moves at extreme speeds. Turning the spiral towards the black hole, the light of the gas that moves away from us will tend towards a red wavelength, and that of the gas approaching is compressed towards the blue length. In this way, if these two trends are found, it is quite unmistakable that a black hole is ‘seeing’. In this way, the Nirspec Spectrograph The Webb detected a remarkably wide hydrogen emission line, the irrefutable test that a massive object was stirring the gas around it at speeds of up to 3,500 km/s. It belonged to something bigger. Initially, Capers-LRD-Z9 was just an intriguing motorcycle in webb images. However, it was belonging to a new and enigmatic class of objects called ‘Small red points’ (Little Red Dots or LRDS). These galaxiespresent only in the first 1.5 billion years of the universe, they are extremely compact, bright and as its name indicates very red. His discovery was “a big surprise,” according to Steven Finkelstein, co -author of the study. “They didn’t look anything like galaxies seen with Hubble.” In this way, this finding has helped explain two of the great mysteries above the table. Why are they so bright? Its brightness would suggest an unlikely number of stars for such an early era of the universe. In this way, this study confirms the theory that light comes from a supermassive black hole that is active and literally devours the subject. Something that results in hot and shines with a huge intensity. Why are they so red? The model that best suits the observations of Capers-LRD-Z9 suggests that the black hole is wrapped in a dense and neutral gas environment. This gas cloud absorbs the blue light and lets the red pass, staining the entire galaxy. Something that could be confirmed when comparing this object with other similar sources of energy. An impossible giant. The most shocking of Capers-LRD-Z9 is the size of its black hole. It is estimated that it could have a mass of up to 300 million times that of our sun. To put it in perspective, it is so massive that it could represent more than 4.5% of the total mass of all the stars of its host galaxy, a proportion much greater than the 0.1% we see in the nearby galaxies. How could it grow so much and so fast? This is one of the big questions that anyone can ask, taking into account that this black hole appeared at a very early stage of the universe. Something that questions the current models that we have on the table. Finkelstein summarizes it as follows: “This adds to the growing evidence that primitive black holes grew much faster than we thought were possible. Or they began being much more massive than our models predict.” Two models to explain its existence. The first of these is that the black hole was not born from a star, but from the direct collapse of a cloud of primary gas, starting its life with a mass of thousands of soles and growing at a normal pace. The second theory that scientists have on the table is that it was actually born from one of the first massive stars (with a mass 100 times higher than the sun) that existed. The question here is that he would have grown at a rhythm ‘Super-Edington‘, devouring matter much faster than the stable theoretical limit is considered. There is still much to find out. The team expects to obtain more observations with the Webb to unravel the secrets of this single object. “We had not been able to study the early evolution of black holes until recently,” concludes Taylor, “and we are excited to see what we can learn.” Images | Nasa Hubble Space Telescope In Xataka | Two astronomers studied the “sound of the Big Bang” and reached a disturbing conclusion: the earth is in a lonely bubble

Renfe trusted Talgo and his Avril trains to benefit from the particularities of Spain. Already look for solutions in Germany

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Spain is a particular country regarding the railway field. That is why the pair formed by Talgo and Renfe sounded especially good to compete with the new trains operators. Both companies could benefit and get a strategic advantage in the Galician corridor, while allowing him to fight in the rest of our country. The reality is that nothing has gone as expected. And now Spain looks for trains in Germany. “They have not given the best possible result”. This is how Óscar Puente, Minister of Transportation, has described the performance of the Talgo S-106 series that Renfe has had in operation. Words pick them up eldiario.eswho point out that Puente will go to a Siemens factory in Germany in search of solutions. The intention, everything indicates, is to reverse the bad results of the Spanish trains with an acquisition of Germans that allow Renfe to compete again on equal terms with Ouigo and Iroyo, who have found the open doors of high speed Low Cost In Madrid-Barcelona. “Corporate”. The bridge trip comes after Renfe will withdraw his Avlo trains from the Madrid-Barcelona corridor. The company’s official response is that AVE trains adapt better to a line in which a “corporate” client profile is better exploited. It is true that Half of the trips That Renfe was carrying out in this corridor made them with the AVE and that the Avlo market share was significantly lower than that of Ouigo and, above all, that of Iroyo. However, the real motive of its abandonment is that some Talgo trains of the S-106 series were being used. A crack. Metaphorical, if we talk about Renfe’s strategy. Material, if we talk about avlo trains. Those known as Avril, projected to compete with these two foreign companies in business volume, presented serious structural problems a few weeks ago. The company He took them out of circulation although at first He denied the problems. Finally, has taken out of circulation The Avlo service but there is no record of a trains relocation. That is, now ouigo and Iro will compete among them two for high speed at low price in that corridor. An oxygen ball for ouigo, which had retired some trains To show more battle in the Andalusian corridor. Recurring problems. As we pointed out, the bridge itself has already suggested that the operation of the aforementioned S-106 of Talgo has not been expected. The first ones that were launched in the Galician corridor and in the line with Asturias. In both cases they accumulated delays and breakdowns. Besides, Nor did they receive the best criticisms for its performance on the roads. Months later, the change of the year also affected the new cars of Talgo. A computer problem left them unused in the early hours of 2025causing important delays the first days. A few weeks ago the most serious fault occurred. Trains cracked (literally). The first solution was circular at a lower speed. The second, probably the most sensible, remove them from the line. Disappointing. The problem with Talgo’s S-106 series is even more disappointing if we take into account that it is a type of train that allows Renfe to Competitive advantage over Ouigo and Iro In the Galician corridor. Talgo is The only company that had built trains that could adapt to the different widths of our country. With compromised production, no one can buy more trains and, therefore, Renfe is in a monopolistic position in the short term. Therefore, perhaps, the disappointment is greater. Finally, trains that had to demonstrate the good Spanish doing in the railway sector have been working for Spanish roads and delays. But, above all, he has closed Renfe the doors of his great tool to compete against his rivals in a corridor where he dominates. Now, Spain will seek solutions in Germany. Photo | Nelso Silva and Siemens In Xataka | Cabinas instead of traveling as sardines: Nox’s key to convert the night train into the alternative to the plane

The solar panels 35 years ago are lasting so much that they have reopened the debate on the quality of the current

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The solar panel manufacturers They usually offer performance guarantees of about 20-25 years, a point from which the irremediable degradation of materials significantly reduces their ability to produce energy. Or that’s what they have done to believe. Short. A new analysis of solar panels installed in Switzerland between 1987 and 1993 reveals that most follow 80% of their initial nominal power. The study is based on six photovoltaic systems in operation for more than 30 years in all types of altitudes. Research, published in the EES Solar MagazineNot only confirms that solar panels can last a lot more than 25 years, but do so with such a low degradation that invites you to review priorities: are we balancing well efficiency, cost and materials? A degradation much lower than the typical. The researchers studied thoroughly from solar panels in low altitude roofs to facilities in alpine areas. On average, the panels lost only 0.24% of power per year. It is a value significantly lower than the usual range of the crystalline silicon: 0.5 to 0.6% per year, depending on the weather. In other words, these 35 -year modules degrade much more slowly of what the industry today assumes as usual. The secret is not the climate, but the materials. The weather can make a difference. In colder alpine environments, despite receiving more radiation, the degradation of the panels is slower due to the least thermal stress. At low altitude, where the surface of the panels can reach 80 ° C, Metallic contacts can run and lose conductivity for the degradation of the encapsulant. However, the secret of these panels is their solid construction. The modules analyzed are from the family of AM55 arc models and Siemens SM55, which stand out for the quality of their materials: thicker frontal glass, high quality encapsulants, very resistant rear sheets, robust aluminum frames and crystalline silicon cells somewhat thicker than the current ones. The moral of the study. Today’s photovoltaic industry has no point of comparison with that of the early 90s. The panels are much cheaper and achieve greater efficiencies. But in return, they use thinner silicon wafers, thinner glass and lighter designs. The conclusion of the study is not that before better panels, but that manufacturing materials have a great influence on long -term performance. Although they cannot compete with the current price, betting on robust and quality materials can make the useful life of a solar panel exceed 50 years in temperate climates. Image | Ebrar Özkalay et al. In Xataka | Forget the industrial revolution: the fastest energy change in human history is happening now

Telecinco has just closed the worst month in audience of its entire history. This fall urgently needs a revulsive

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That Telecinco is in hearing crisis is no longer news. We have been talking about it since ‘Save Me’ stopped being a talisman for audiences and The afternoons they became a problem For the channel. But the well in which the Mediaset chain is involved seems to have no background and this August 2025 plays new Historical minimum. Of course, it must be taken into account that this summer month is a decrease in the Share of all chains, but the debacle is so striking that not even talismans as’The island of temptations‘They seem to work. Evil record. A year ago Telecinco already signed minimums with 8.6% of Sharebut this year it has fallen to 8%. August, as we say, is low consumption month, so what really should worry Telecinco is that in January of this year it already was around those same figures, with 8.7%, and for that there is no excuse. Since the second half of 2021, Telecinco does not see the light, and two other resounding figures corroborate it: that 8% also represents the greatest distance of the last 27 years with Antena 3, 4.3 margin points; And on Saturday, August 23 Telecinco had the worst data in its history, 6.4% of Share. What has failed. None of the summer bets have gone well. Although the mornings have endured with dignity, the nights have been disastrous: series such as’ missing ‘or’ Scated murderers’, cinema on Wednesdays or repositions of ‘Fridays’ have had to receive the support of a’First Dates‘Imported of four. He Prime Time The channel was destabilized because of how bad ‘the summer of temptations’ had worked, an attempt to stretch the popular gum reality With images of the previous seasons and that did not work, as the information of the news did not work. What is planned. Telecinco, of course, does not fain, and although it seems that it has resigned to present war in the Access They have dominated ‘El Hormiguero’ and ‘La Revuelta’it foresees more than a powerful premiere. This is the case of the return of ‘Dancing with the stars’, Joaquín Prat trying to recover the throne of’ Save realities that has the favor of the public: the presence of ex-concurss. Nothing is forever. Telecinco is forced to continue looking for spare parts for its successive failures, no matter how much the streak is agonized. The example of the1 finding thanks to the afternoon snakes and the arrival of David Broncano Some proposals with which to deal with the Almighty Antena 3 is a phenomenon in a certain inspiring sense (we will see how it is given to the1 with ‘direct to the grain’, the new Magacin with Marta Flich and Gonzalo Miró). Telecinco must have found some satisfaction in the fact that the public chain has not been able to Reactivate the ‘Save Me’ phenomenon with the loud prick of ‘The family of TV‘. The waters return to their channel in that sense, and perhaps Telecinco is able to find an alternative with which to present battle. Sure. The season starts is quiet on television, with bets on all the channels that are sure: ‘Masterchef Celebrity’, ‘La Voz’, and series such as ‘The Crossroads’, ‘Sin Gluten’ and ‘The Agency’. Even Telecinco seems to iPtar by a turn to the conservative: two years ago, in 2023, he tried Channel Vasile Exit With a turn to the white and the familiar, but the urgency forces to rethink that reorientation. Names like Ana Rosa Quintana or Jorge Javier Vázquez (of the few who firmly maintain competitive audiences) and franchises such as ‘Survivors’, ‘Big Brother’ and ‘The island of temptations’ seem to choose to look at the glorious past before looking for alternatives. A decisive September starts for the chain. Header | Telecinco In Xataka | Leticia Sabater is no longer a nostalgic artifact, but a transgenerational artist: most of her audience is very young

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