exist

Although it may not seem like it, meritocracy does exist in Spain. At least among the millionaires

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In Spain, the idea that millionaires are born rich by inheritance It is changing, or at least that is what the various data and analyzes say. Recent figures show that in Spain the number of millionaires has increased “self-made“, scratching space for those who They have inherited their fortune. However, as in so many aspects, the data can tell different realities. Millionaires in Spain according to UBS and Forbes. The report ‘Billionaire Ambitions Report 2024’ prepared by the Swiss bank UBS, reveals that 44% of billionaires in Spain have created their fortune from their own work or investments. However, this figure contrasts with the published data by Forbeswhich show that about 74% of the big millionaires in Spain are rich thanks to inheritances that they have received from their family, leaving only 26% of those who would have obtained it on their own merits. Rich or very very rich: that’s the difference. So, which data is correct, UBS or Forbes? The short answer is both, because the difference is in the type of millionaire analyzed and the sample size. Forbes focuses only on billionaires (with assets in the billions of euros), while UBS includes highest net worth millionairesbut not necessarily at the global peak. According to the study data According to Charles Schwab, it takes $2.3 million to be considered a rich person. But to be considered a UHNWI (Ultra High Net Worth Individuals) or people with a assets available to invest of more than 30 million dollars. Depending on where that threshold is placed, the percentages also change. Heirs and own fortune. If only those who have more than 30 million dollars to invest (the UHNWIs) are taken into account, the percentage of Spanish millionaires who have inherited their fortune drops to the 14% that UBS indicated. This percentage also coincides with that given by the study by Jonathan Wai and David Lincoln which examines the nature of fortunes around the world. According to the data from this study, in Spain 38.4% of millionaires have received an inheritance and have multiplied that money through investments or their own projects, creating a new fortune from a previous financial base, while 47.5% have managed to build their wealth without receiving a significant inheritance. These figures show that meritocracy among millionaires exists, but adds the nuance that, in many cases, this fortune is the result of a combination between inheritance and effort staff. Don’t call it meritocracy: call it environment. When creating a new fortune Not everything is reduced to inheriting money, but it also depends largely on the social environment and the opportunities offered by birth. in a wealthy family. Having access to contacts, preferred education, and financial support increases the chances of success, even for those considered “self-made.” According to a report According to the Social Observatory of the La Caixa Foundation, it takes four generations to rise from a situation of poverty to the middle class. The report ‘To Have and Have Not – How to Bridge the Gap in Opportunities’ prepared by the OECD, points out that the socioeconomic environment of parents contributes up to 75% to the definition of their children’s opportunities. That is to say, a young person born into a wealthy family has more opportunities and economic support to start projects—which may be a failure, but also a resounding success—that a young man with few resources. That family support must also be taken into consideration when labeling “self-made” fortunes. Although this does not detract from the merit. In Xataka | If the question is how much money do you need to be rich, generation Z is clear: more is needed every year Image | Unsplash (Shane)

The main work of the creator of ‘Doom’ remains to explain how demons exist ‘doom’

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John Romero’s enthusiasm is contagious: we agree that his main work, although he continues to devote himself to programming, is essentially to explain the ‘Doom‘. And it does it great. Romero is not only very aware of the essentials for the history of the piece he created with the rest of Software idbut he knows perfectly why, today, he is still the favorite video game of many fans. And he told us with hairs and signs in the Comic-with Malagawhere he came to explain what, in his opinion, the essential bases of the DNA of the FPS genre were. The original ‘doom’ is considered today a technical feat for many reasons that Romero himself was in charge of getting ourselves meticulously, but from the first minute, he made it clear what in ID knew that he had to have the game to shine above his competitors and his venerable predecessors: an infernal speed. He tells us that “we needed to design new techniques to create light and dark in a 3D world. And how to do it with very high frame speeds, which was the biggest obstacle: try to do it very fast” To get at that speed First they had to invent a new way of making 3D: “For a time ‘doom’ looked like what we had done in Wolfenstein 3D, because we mentally still there, doing things as they were done before us.” And how were things done before? “Wolfenstein’s walls were 90 degrees completely illuminated. But in ‘Doom’ there were stairs, dark corridors, immense open spaces, lots of monsters, and nobody had never seen anything like that before. We had no references. So we could only create, test, invent and try to improve it little by little.” Everything points to amounts of demential work, and Romero confirms it: “And the speed was not everything. The sound, the multiplayer (‘doom’ was the first in high speed, and with different ways, cooperative and Deathmatch), allowing people to modify the game and change it. And, well, all these things happened in a single game. And on top of that we wanted to launch it for Christmas. “A real madness, but he does not doubt a second to remember that schedule and design it” was very fun. “ History matters There is a very widespread topic, which is that ‘doom’ has no history, and indeed, the argument is of a minimum density, but That does not mean that he does not strive to convey an atmosphere and a narrative. “There was a general history,” Romero tells us, “for which we inspire ourselves in D&D. I always try to make games different from everything that players have experienced before: with ‘Wolfenstein 3D’, no one had faced Nazis like that. In the ‘Castle Wolfenstein’ ‘on which we rely, 11 years before, you had to camouflage yourself as Nazi. And if not, you were detained without the possibility of response. And we said: ‘Let’s put in this game a frontal confrontation with the Nazis’ “ And that philosophy translates into ‘doom’: “We could not have a science fiction game in which we only kill aliens, because that was what was expected. What could we do to be different? The idea of ​​’Doom’ emerged from the ‘Dungoons & Dragons’ campaign to which we had been playing for years and that ended because the demons multiplied they multiplied with everyone What existed. And they adding elements to the mixture: “We were inspired by the movie ‘Aliens’ in the space marines and Fast action, that tension, suspense and terror of having so many things moving around youwanting to kill you. And then evil for black humor, shotgun, chainsaw and attitude. “Finally, it is time to ask for an impossible. We ask Romero to make a total summary of ‘doom’, of his influence and impact. Why do we keep talking about the game decades later? “We can divide its influence into two branches: technical and cultural,” he says. “Technically, we boost the industry towards the 3D. When things have been successful for a long time, it is not easy to overcome them. And in the eighties, the lateral displacement games had been very popular and a lot of personalized hardware was created to manage this genre, such as the Super Nintendo or the friend.” Thus, “Domestic computers and consoles wore incredible dedicated chips. A lot of work was invested in R&D to manufacture these things. And huge companies, multimillionaire companies, launched these things to the market. But we think: “We are going to go to 3D, people are tired.” But there were no graphics cards, so we had to try to make my best with what we had. Technology at full speed Another important technical aspect in ‘Doom’ is the integration of the multiplayer in the game: “Today the game that does not carry multiplayer is rare, but then the strange was incorporated. Our intention was not only to take it, but to integrate it into everything we had already created for the individual mode. We put that multiplayer mode during the last three months of the game development, when we thought” shit And we schedule it in a hurry. And culturally, how did ‘doom’ mark the environment? Romero lists some details (“Heavy metal had never been heard in a commercial game”), but stays with two aspects that certainly changed everything definitively. On the one hand, ID launched instructions to freely modify the game, which generated a community around it: “We launched the game in 1993, and In 1997 we published all source codesyou could take the game and do everything you would like with him, without consulting us. Moreover, we get involved in the community and that helped it grow out of control. “ And that was from the same concept of the game: “We created it thinking that people could change the game at will, so that it was modifiable, and we published all the data explaining how to modify the levels and others. So, … Read more

200 people paid to see a drone show in Valencia. The problem is that the event did not exist

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Shopping Tickets Online for an event that you have seen promoted on social networks and, when you arrive at the place and time where it should be held, there is nothing. This is what dozens of people have lived in Valencia, but it is happening in several areas such as the Booking accommodation or Airbnb. What happened. According to the complaint of an individual who collects the EFE agencyabout 200 people were on August 15 to the City of Arts and Sciences of Valencia to go to a drone show event. They had paid 17 euros for each ticket, a price with reasonable appearance. The problem? Although the complainant victim received confirmation notices of purchase of two tickets by SMS, when there was no festival or event of drones. Everything was the result of an online scam, the police told the attendees. And the worst part is that there has also been ticket sales for days 21, 22, 23, 29, 30 and 31. The medium. According to the complaint, the false event was promoted on Instagram, which boosted its reach despite the fact that the festival did not appear in any public calendar of place activities. For the scam, According to Drone Show Festivalwhich are event organizers (but free) with drones, used images and videos of their shows Attendees thought it was something real seeing that there are companies like FLOCK DRONE ART They are dedicated to this. The notice was not enough. Both Drone Show Festival and the official account of the City of Arts and Sciences sent messages in their Official channels warning that they were not organizing any drones festival in the complex. They did it on June 14 in the morning and in the afternoon, day and a half before the false event was celebrated. However, that did not prevent dozens of people from being gathered in full heat wave. Click the image to access the publication. More false events. The scam with drones is not thought only for Valencia. The promotional publication also announced events in Seville, Barcelona Madrid or Bilbao. From the Union of Consumer of Valencia, they affirm that They will denounce the facts before the National Court This week, as well as the General Directorate of Consumption of the Generalitat. They have called for affected people, and have offered to process the relevant claims for free. Online scams are triggered. According to the National Cybersecurity Institute (INCIBE), in 2024 More than 97,000 cyber attacks were recorded16% more than in 2023. The problem is that that year there were already Growing up 24% compared to 2022. According to the institution, in 2023, three out of ten incidents were online fraud. In 2024, they already supposed more than four out of ten. Of the 38,000 fraudulent indications, the Phishing It remains the most problematic technique, with 21,517 cases, and among the trends of public consultations by telephone or WhatsApp, the Vishingthat technique with which the attackers make calls supplanting various entities such as companies of light or telephone operators. Of the 38,000 fraudulent incidents, the itals for Protect ourselves from scamshow to avoid buying on websites that we do not know, for cases like this of the drones, where everything seemed correct a priori, the recommendation is to review additional details to those offered by the seller. Concert enclosures, theaters or events such as the City of Arts usually have a public calendar where all acts officially organized. Taking a look at the program is a quick step that can avoid a great posterior headache. If we have already been victims of a scam, It is recommended denounce the National Police, Civil Guard or contact the INCIBE itself. Images | FLOCK DRONE ART Y Northleg Official in Unspash In Xataka | Not happy with saturating email, spam and scams are now arriving at your postal mailbox

They exist, offers them lunagets in Spain and allow to divide the cost

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A private flight from Madrid to Mallorca for seven people for 3,000 euros. From Andalusia to the capital for four friends for about 2,000 euros. These figures would be exorbitant if we think of commercial flights. But if we take into account that we talk about private jets and at the time/day of preference of the client, the thing changes. Lunagets, the Swiss executive aviation broker that arrived in Spain two years ago, has brought the experience of flying in private jet without ruined. The business behind luxury. The key is in the model: lunajets does not have airplanes, but connects aircraft owners With passengers. They have access to 4,800 aircraft of 350 operators worldwide, from small four -seater jets to Boeing Business Jet. Its specialty is the “empty flights”, planes that move without passengers to reposition themselves, and that can offer discounts of up to 75%. With 17 years of experience and billing of 200 million euros, they have converted private aviation into a more accessible customer service. Closer to what it seems. Carlos Matallana, director of Lunajets Spain since 2023, was blunt in Your interview For the country: “You don’t have to be onassis to fly privately.” The problem, according to him, is knowledge and culture. Spain has less tradition in executive aviation than neighboring countries, partly due to social prejudices and ignorance. “There is an incredible amount of accommodated middle class people who can occasionally allow these flights and do not know it,” he says in Another interview For the world. His team responds in maximum 10 minutes and has three hours to find the perfect solution, whether Kilimanjaro is flying over at sunset or transporting a pet in cabin. Reality after glamor. “Hollywood has done a lot of damage,” Matallana admits. 99% of flights are “absolutely disappointing” compared to films. For Matallana, true value is not in luxury, but in efficiency: avoid safety tails, control schedules, travel comfortably. Matallana account That the client profile has “informal” a lot in the last decade, moving away from the stereotype of the powerful banker. The numbers in Spain. The Spanish market is yet to explode. Lunagets manages about 220 annual flights Here, in front of the more than 15,000 of the global group. The margins are adjusted, between 4% and 5% in Europe, but the volume compensates. The company aspires to double its Spanish turnover this year, taking advantage of the fact that more and more people discover that flying in private does not require an account in Switzerland. And the environmental controversy. Critics for CO2 emissions They do not go unnoticed. It is not for less, since we are talking about flying a plane without practically passengers. France has uploaded taxes To discourage these flights. Matallana recognizes responsibility: “We emit less than people think, but that does not exempt us from having to reduce what we emit to the minimum.” And it is that while the industry seeks more sustainable alternatives lunasts is firm in what gives value to the service it proposes: save time. Cover image | Lunagets In Xataka | Amancio Ortega: the billionaire who lives as one more neighbor (except for private jets and superyates)

It is a first step to understand why we exist

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The most elementary question that human beings ask ourselves since we are here is simply: why do we exist? According to the best theories about the origin of the universe, We should not be here. The Big Bang should have created identical amounts of matter and antimatter, which would have annihilated each other in an energy flash, leaving an empty cosmos. And yet, here we are, in a universe made of matter. Short. The key to our existence lies in a subtle asymmetry, a small trap in the laws of physics that favored matter over antimatter. Now, the CERN LHCB team has announced the first observation of this asymmetry in the bariones, the particles that make up everything we see: stars, planets and ourselves. It is a milestone that we had been waiting for decades, and that after its Publication in Nature magazine Open a new and fascinating way to solve the mystery of our own existence. The enigma of the material universe. The Soviet physicist Andréi Sájarov saw it clear in 1967. For the matter to prevail above the antimatter after the Big Bang (so that a universe like ours was born, in short) three conditions should be met, including the violation of the load-partner symmetry. Load symmetry (c) means that if you change a particle for its antiparticle (for example, an electron for a positron), physical laws should not change. Parity symmetry (P) is like looking at the process in a real mirror, investing space coordinates. Combined symmetry load-partity (CP) implies that a physical process is indistinguishable from its “antimatter version” in the mirror. If the CP symmetry were perfect, the balance between matter and antimatter would never have inclined. CP symmetry violation means that the cosmic mirror is slightly broken. Subject and antimatter do not behave exactly as specular reflexes. The fundamental piece that was missing. This phenomenon had already been observed for the first time in 1964 in particles called inns, formed by a quark and an antiquark. But there was a key piece of puzzle: it had never been detected in the bariones, formed by three quarks. It was a key piece because ourselves are barionic matter: the protons and neutrons that constitute us are bariones. An imperfect reflex. The CERN LHCB team, one of the great detectors of the great Hadron collider, specializes in studying particles that contain a type of heavy quark called “Beauty” or “Bottom”, in which the effects of the CP violation are expected to be more pronounced. For this investigation, physicists focused on a specific particle: the Lambda B zero (λb0) barion, a kind of heavy cousin of the proton. Scientists analyzed billions of collisions In data from 2011 to 2018observing how this particle disintegrated in four lighter: a proton, a kaon and two pions (λb0 → pk –π+π−). The key to the experiment was to compare the rate of this disintegration with that of its antimatter twin, the disintegration of the anti-barion lambda b zero (λˉb0 → pˉ k+π-π+). If the CP symmetry were perfect, both disintegrations would occur with the same frequency. But it is not so. The LHCB team measured a clear and statistically robust difference. Are we facing new physics? The results have a statistical significance of 5.2 sigmas. In particle physics, an observation with more than 5 sigmas is considered a full -fledged discovery. It is the first time that a barion and its antibarion are observed do not behave identically. The mirror is broken, also for particles that form the tangible world. This discovery is, in the first place, a spectacular confirmation of the standard particle physics model. This model, our most complete theory on the subject, predicts that CP violation must occur in both inns and bariones. The fact that it is finally seen in barions reinforces our current understanding of physics. However, and here comes the most exciting, it is also the beginning of a new chapter. The observed violation is insufficient to explain the enormous mastery of the matter we see in the cosmos. There must be Another source of asymmetrysomething that the standard model does not contemplate. Physicists have confirmed that the universe does not deal equal to matter and barionic antimatter, but hunt continues. Image | Cern In Xataka | You can now download the 800 TB of information that the CERN has just released. They are a treasure of particle physics

This marriage traveled four hours to an idyllic destination they had seen on Facebook. Upon arrival they discovered that it did not exist: it was ia

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It has happened to us to be sailing on Instagram or Tiktok and that a video of a tourist destination that leaves us with an open mouth comes out. Tale landscapes, dream cities and incredible attractions. Is what happened to him To this marriage of Malaysia. They saw a video on Facebook where an impressive cable car in Perak came out, just four hours where they lived. Without thinking, they took the car and traveled more than 300 kilometers to destination only to discover that they had just fallen into a hoax. The video. It appeared in networks at the end of June this year and, although it has already been erased, it can continue to be seen in This link. In it, you can see a reporter interviewing tourists who are visiting the place. It is an impressive cable car that makes a tour of forests, rivers and has all kinds of attractions around it. In the video the location of the place is detailed: Kuak Hulu, in Perak, Malasia. The visit. Although the resolution is not very good, the video is quite realistic, but we already know that nothing that appears in it exists. We also know that at least two people believed it was real and traveled for four hours by car to go to know the place. The story became public when an employee of a nearby hotel told In your Threads profile that he had just hallucinated: a couple asked him about a cable car he had ever heard. “There is not much to do here, it’s very quiet,” he said. A hoax. The couple’s reaction was to insist on seeing the place, thinking that he was spending some joke. Then they went on to confusion. Upon realizing that the site did not exist, the woman wanted to “denounce the journalist who comes out in the video.” Finally they understood that nothing they had seen was real, nor the journalist, and left the place ashamed. The generational gap. We do not know the exact age of this couple, but according to the hotel employee, they were older. The lack of digital knowledge by many older people is a problem, from something as everyday as make efforts with the bank until Recognize what is AI and what is not. Some platforms like Instagram tag Made with AI, but is a small “created with AI” enough for people with less digital experience to detect it? With cases like this it seems quite clear that it is not enough. The garbage. We have spoken on several occasions about the ‘ai slop’ or the garbage that has flooded the networks; from Very unpleasant videos that want to break the algorithmsuntil fake crochet patterns that are sold as real. The garbage is flooding everything, Even ASMR videos What did you see before going to sleep are. Much of this content is clearly AI, but with the arrival of tools as I see 3 It becomes very difficult to distinguish the reality of AI. And this has done nothing but start. Image | Tiktok In Xataka | Millions of people are hooked right now to an Olympic Games where cats compete. Cats made with ia

It was a secret Volkswagen experiment that should not even exist

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In the automobile world, where the competition between brands It is relentless, there are always curious stories and impossible experiments, especially when it comes to Development of a new engine. A clear example can be that occasion when someone came up with the Motor of a plane in a BMW. A similar idea had Ferdinand Piëch, grandson of Ferdinand Porsche and CEO of the Volkswagen Group until 2015. Piëch was an obsessive of the engines and wanted to develop a New more powerful and efficient block for your high -end cars. However, the brand had no adequate car in its catalog to test the thrust of its new engine. So Piëch He bought a BMW M5 and set up a Volkswagen W10 inside That would never see the light. The boss’s passion: create the best engines He Bugatti Veyron development He already showed that Ferdinand Piëch was obsessed with developing The best engine in the world. According to He affirmed a video From the Drivetribe channel, that obsession led him to buy a BMW sports berlina to serve as a mule to test his new W10 engine. What makes this case even more unique is that, for decades, the prototype of Ferdinand Piëch was so secret that it was thought that it never existed and it was believed that it was an urban legend that Volkswagen denied by active and passive. However, Recently it came to light Thanks to a Belgian sale, revealing fascinating details about its construction and performance. At the end of the 90s and early 2000s, Ferdinand Piëch got between eyebrow and eyebrow developing engines in narrow “V” to expand a catalog of engines as I had never seen the German brand before. Under the supervision of Piëch, the German manufacturer lived an era of Experimentation and unusual creativity. From the VR6 that roared under the hood of the golf R32, to the W12 and the W16 that gave life to the Audi A8, the Volkswagen Touareg and, of course, the Bugatti Veyron. In his attempt to optimize the performance and efficiency of his engines, Piëch came up with two V5 engines as those that mounted the Golf MK4 and the first batch of the Seat Toledo, to obtain a W10. Since no group of the group met the requirements to house this engine, the Volkswagen CEO decided to cross the limits: it bought a BMW M5 E39, it took away its original V8 engine and made it the platform they needed to test the W10. Volkswagen did not limit the New engine in the BMW opening anyway. He integrated it as if it were a production model in such a neat that seemed to have left directly from the assembly line. In fact, unlike conventional development prototypeson the outside the car did not attract attention and maintained the classic appearance of an M5. His secret was that under the hood he housed an engine that produced between 456 and 507 hp and a maximum torque of 550 nm. His performance was so good that even Ferdinand Piëch used this M5 E39 as a personal car to move daily for a while, although it lacked electronic assistance systems such as ABS or traction control. A myth come true The existence of a BMW M5 E39 with a Volkswagen W10 engine was considered for decades Like a myth. There were rumors that the prototype had been destroyed or that it never really existed. The car, now known as the experimental M5, looks an adhesives on the lighthouse and in its back in which its purpose is clear: try the Volkswagen W10 engine. The interior of the vehicle remains exactly the same as any M5 of the time, with the exception of the control box, since the manufacturer added a personalized one with some additional switches that allowed it to activate or deactivate functions to test your performance and obtain additional information. For everything else, a production car that would not attract attention to see it parked in any 2000 business parking lot, although under its hood it snoring a unique engine that has never seen the light. That makes this prototype a Exclusive piece for collectors That, although the seller does not offer a sales figure, from Drivetribe they ensure that he will approach a lot to Price of a pure Ferrarialthough Volkswagen invested more than two million dollars in developing the engine that moves it. In Xataka | A Bugatti jumped a radar in Belgium at 388 km/h. Your driver can get rid of too fast In Xataka | They are founders and ultra -ups, but they have not always driven luxury supercoches: a review of the cars of the Tech millionaires Image | Flickr (Olli Vininio, Adam Court)

The shadow name behind the US tariffs that have collapsed the markets is rum. The problem is that it does not exist

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Peter Navarro He has been the main commerce and manufacturing advisor with Trump twice, once in each mandate. His role in 2025: main architect of the Tariff policies implemented, advocating those significant rates about imports in virtually all countries, now and for a few hours, mainly to China. Behind the economy expert was a figure in the shadow, a name that had repeated in his books to justify the planetary impact of tariffs: Ron Vara. The only problem is that Vara … does not exist. Invent. History, as we will see, actually It is not newor not at all, but it has been the gossip of US media Thanks to Rachel Maddowwho explained in his television program that Vara is not only a non -existent figure, but his name is a “Navarro” anagram, a deliberate alteration that allows us to understand this creation as a kind of Ideological reflection of its author. According to Maddow, Navarro It was not limited To mention it once: he quoted it “again and again” as a reliable source in economic matters, and even attributed a memorandum that circulated in Washington after Trump’s victory, where Ron Vara affirmed that the then president could “ride the tariffs until victory.” The creation of a fictitious voice. The story goes back to 2019. Until then, Navarro, an economist with a doctorate at Harvard and a key figure of the most radically protectionist wing of the Trump government, had been a reference for years in the Anti-China Economic Speech In the United States. Author of multiple books, articles and documentaries, their influence grew in the heat of a rhetoric that presented Beijing as a systemic threat, both for the US economy and for its national security. However, in A revelation That caused perplexity in both the academic and politician world, it was discovered that Navarro had invented the character of Ron Vara, presented for almost two decades as his legitimate and reliable source of economic wisdom. Ron Vara was not a real person, but an anagram of the surname “Navarro” that the author used as a literary alter ego in at least five of his thirteen books. That invention, which was presented to the public without any clarification, was Discovered by Tessa Morris-SuzukiEmerita Professor of the National University of Australia, who, when investigating Navarro’s claims about China, noticed the recurrence of this alleged expert, of which there was no verifiable record. Navarrese Evolution of the fictional character. I counted then The Times that Ron Vara first appeared in 2001, in the book If it’s raining in Brazil, Buy Starbuckswhere he describes him as a veteran of the Gulf War with Economics Formation by Harvard, exactly as Navarro himself. Since then, the character was summoned as a source in later books, always with sharp, ironic or scathing phrases, which seemed to provide color and popular authority to the author’s argument. Over time, even ideas that Navarro had signed as their own were attributed retroactively to rod in later books, Like the warning “Don’t Play Checkers in A Chess World”, which appears under the voice of the character in The Well-Timed Strategy (2006) and Always to Winner (2009). As Navarro focused his attention on The conflict with ChinaVara also acquired an increasingly nationalist and alarmist tone, participating rhetorically in attacks against the Chinese productive and consumption system, and serving as a narrative bridge between academic discourse and a pseudocomic voice of common sense loaded with slogans. Vara as spokesman for truth. As Navarro’s writings became more ideological, Vara became a resource to reinforce ideas that bordered the conspiracy. In The Coming China Warsfor example, counted the times that cited him in a chapter dedicated to the alleged toxicity of the Chinese food chain, With phrases like “You’ve Got To Be Nuts To Eat Chinese Food.” In Death by Chinathe book and documentary that consolidated the image of Navarro as the great ideologist of the “Chinese danger” within the Trump administration, Vara appears with sentences that seem to synthesize the general thesis, as (Times appointment): “The manufacturing dragon is voracious.the colonial dragon is rementless. The American Eagle is Asleep at The Wheel.” Apparently, this stylization of the character not only sought to simplify complex messages, but also provide them with a varnish of popular authenticity. Instead of invoking studies or external sources, Navarro created its own voice that functioned as a catalyst for its arguments, disguising a personal opinion as an alien and validated observation. The reactions. When the truth was uncovered a few years ago, that Ron Vara was simply an invention, he not only caused reactions in the academic world, where the legitimacy of an author who hid fiction under the clothing of the dissemination would be, but also Among the colleagues themselves from Navarro. Glenn Hubbard, former presidential advisor and co -author of Seeds of Destructionhe declared that he totally ignored the fictitious nature of the character. Michael Pillsbury, expert in Chinese politics of the Hudson Institute and personal friend of Navarro, also SHe showed surprised: “I always knew that Peter was creative and imaginative, but I underestimated it seriously.” For its part, the University of California in Irvine, where Navarro worked as a professor before assuming his role in the White House, He demarcated of the matter indicating that the author no longer represents the institution, and declined to comment. Navarro’s response. Faced with the discovery, Navarro showed no regret or offered justifications. In statements To The Chronicle of Higher Educationcompared Ron Vara with Alfred Hitchcock’s cameos in his films, qualifying him as A “private joke” Finally discovered. Even in a later message Sent to New York Timeshe invoke his alter ego again: “As Ron Vara would say, ‘Relax and have fun reading the books.” Between fiction and reality. This carefree reaction contrasted with the seriousness of the act in the context in which it occurred: books presented as serious, often academic works, and with strong impact on the formulation of public policies. The line between the … Read more

50 years later the amazing thing is not that Microsoft continues to exist. The hallucinating thing is that it remains (Tan) relevant

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Does 50 years Two young people called Bill Gates and Paul Allen They created the one that has become the largest software empire in history. That April 4, 1975 was born Micro-Soft. The name occurred to Allen, what years later I didn’t remember why he used the script and that capital. The detail has remained in anecdote. One of the thousands which are already part of the history of a company that has managed to be relevant and toe for half a century. There are not many in the world of technology that can boast something like that. How did you do it? Windows 10: 9 very useful and little known tricks Reinventing himself. Microsoft has been lifted after each fall. And there have been many. And very important. But it was not so at the beginning. Microsoft, like all the big ones, was loved long before being (deeply) hate. Gates and Allen were in the right place and moment, but they also knew how to take advantage of their opportunities. The first arrived in 1980, when they reached an agreement with IBM to provide the operating system for its PCs. It is curious how history is repeated again and again, because that is just what would happen to that operating system that would end up calling themselves. Gates and Allen did not create that operating system: they bought the original, QDOS/86-dos, for $ 50,000, and modified it so that it could be used on the IBM PCs. Apple did the same with Nextstep (based on FreeBSD) When he bought Next and ended up turning that operating system in Mac OS X. years later Google would buy a small startup called Android Inc. to take advantage of an operating mobile system that he had created. That said. The story ended up. But those are other stories. That agreement with IBM was a turning point, but above all it was for its terms. Microsoft received $ 430,000 for that product – very less than Ibm hoped to have to pay – but Microsoft maintained the ability to sell its operating system to other companies. From that moment Microsoft was a rocket. One controlled by a Gates implacable and fierce. With their lights and their (many) shadows, Gates and his company would soon begin to achieve the goal that They had marked and that a priori seemed impossible: put a computer in each home. It did not matter others doing things in a different or better way: Microsoft always managed to impose itself. He did it with MS-DOS and of course he did it with his long and erratic Light of Windows operating systems or with its office suite, Office, today maximum expression of the intention of how everything can (but should not) become a service in the cloud. For 25 years, Microsoft was no one to cough him, but then the earthquakes began to arrive. First, Internet, browsers, search engines and social networks. Then the smartphone. Redmond’s company lost all those wars. Always late and bad, and he was convicted of that Innovative dilemma in which David wins the game to Goliath. But there is the really amazing. Microsoft fell and lost those wars, but he got up again and reinvented. Even those that had won – like that of the browsers, With Internet Explorer– He ended up losing them, but we insisted: it didn’t matter. There we saw the true strength of Microsoft. It didn’t matter if the general public hated her: they did not give up and tried one, and another, and again. They failed with bing in search engines, they had to spend 26.2 billion dollars to “compete” on social networks and also shipwrecked (Too bad) With Windows Phone. And once again, it didn’t matter. Faced with these failures, new successes. Not only that: definitive reinvention. After the arrival of new contendliere NadellaMicrosoft changed the image and of strategy. Of being hated and almost ignored it was relevant and even loved. He got it shyly In the mobile segment, but where he has achieved an exceptional triumph has been in the cloud, where Azure marks the pattern with his great rival, AWS. And since then and along the way, many more stories, many smaller and large failures and also many small and large hits. It is impossible to put them all here, but it is also inevitable not to mention legendary products. Among them the Xbox, pillar of a very forty bet But not especially fortunate For the video game segment. Or also the successes that the company also achieved with the devices of the Surface family. The Hololens were Another failureYes, but one that at least showed that the company always tried to reinvent himself. In those is precisely now Microsoft, but this time not to lose what may be the most important train in history: The artificial intelligence. His reaction thus has been faster and more ambitious than on other occasions, but still the unknowns about the result of that bet are enormous. Whatever happens, it will probably give the same. And it will give the same because Microsoft will end up doing what you have always done. Reinvent yourself. Happy 50, Microsoft. In Xataka | Bill Gates has told how he made Microsoft into the giant that is now: “I focused my life only on a single job”

All solar panel technologies that exist and which are more efficient, in a graph that goes 1975 until today

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The fastest energy transition in history is not the industrial revolution, as many think, but the one that is happening now With renewable energies. Renewables are being installed at a rate five times greater than all other combined energy sources. And although the great habilitator is the worldwide commitment to zero net emissions, it is the brutal evolution of solar panels that has allowed to reach this point. Photovoltaic panels have been so much that solar energy Start leaving wind energytraditionally more efficient. Throughout the last decades, solar cells have experienced a radical transformation, driven both by advances in material engineering and in innovations in manufacturing techniques; mainly from the Chinese industry, although Japan is trying to lead The next generation. The National Renewable Energies Laboratory (NREL) has Published a graph that illustrates at a glance How each photovoltaic technology has advanced since the 70s and which cells are more efficient today. Traditional cells: crystalline silicon Crystalline silicon cells The crystalline solar cells of silicon (blue in the graph) have dominating the market for several decades. The polyristaline silicon (the one used in solar panels with bluish crystals) is cheaper, but monochronic silicon (with black crystals) is the current standard of the industry thanks to continuous improvements in purification and production processes, which have approached their efficiency to an ability to convert 27.6% of sunlight into energy. Thin film technologies (green in the graph) emerged as an alternative to the crystalline silicon for facilities that require greater flexibility, lower weight or a large -scale manufacturing. The most efficient thin film cells are currently those of copper, Indian, Gallic and Selenium (CIGS) with an efficiency of 23.6%, closely followed by those of cadmium teluro (CDTE). The emerging: organic and perovskitas Emerging technologies cells Red in the graph, they are the photovoltaic cells that have tried to remove the throne from the silicon. Organic cells and coloring sensitized cells (DSSC) use organic compounds to absorb light. Its efficiency is modest (around 19%), but they have the advantage of their low cost and the possibility of integrating them into flexible devices and buildings with varied colors. One of the most revolutionary innovations in recent years has been the development of Perovskita cells (red with yellow filling in the graph). Thanks to its crystalline structure inspired by the mineral of the same name, these cells have been achieving exponential increases in efficiency in a short time, even if they were invented in Japan in the 80s. Perovskita cells are already as efficient as silicon, with an efficiency of 27%, but they have the problem of degrading much earlier. The tandem, the best of both worlds Tandem two materials cells The photovoltaic cells that make up silicon and perovskita in tandem are the most promising for generalized use today. The secret of combining both materials is that the upper perovskita layer absorbs high -energy wavelengths and the lower silicon layer captures the rest of the spectrum. With an efficiency of 36.1%, Tandem cells (brown in the graph) have left behind the theoretical limit of traditional silicon cells (33.7%). Although in the laboratories we still try to look for alternatives to the silicon, which is a more expensive material and with a supply chain controlled by China. All photovoltaic cells and their evolution By the latter, triple or more layers (multijunction) unions are the cells that have reached the greatest efficiencies in laboratory conditions: up to 47.6%. Its cost is high and its production is complex, but these cells are useful in solar concentrators, where maximum performance is sought. Images | NREL

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