We already know what AI contributed to the US economy in 2025: “basically zero”

In 2025, in the US, 410 billion were invested in AI and the plan Big technology is to spend about 650,000 million in 2026 (thousand up, thousand down). The promise behind this madness is that AI is synonymous with wealth; With AI we are more productive, we do more and faster, and companies can spend less on staff. Economists have something to say. Zero. It is the impact that investment in AI has had on the United States economy and It was said by none other than Jan Hatziusthe chief economist at Goldman Sachs, a global leader in investment banking. According to Hatzius, there is a lot of misinformation about the impact that AI investment is having on the US GDP and it comes from the error of assuming that because you invest a lot, you gain a lot. As they point out in FuturismGoldman Sachs’ rhetoric has been hardening; First they were subtle warnings about the dangers of investing so wildly in AI and now they directly say that in 2025 the contribution was insignificant or, in their words, “basically zero.” Debate. During 2025, speeches were circulating that placed AI as responsible for a large part of the country’s GDP growth, some with figures as optimistic as 92%. The economist Hanna Rubinton conducted an analysis somewhat more restrained, but also optimistic, in which he stated that spending on AI had contributed 39% to economic growth during the first nine months of 2025. However, he recognizes that it includes spending on software and computers that was not necessarily linked to AI, so the figure could be inflated. Goldman Sachs has not been the only bank to pour cold water on AI enthusiasts, Economists from JP Morgan and Morgan Stanley agree in which the real figure is closer to zero. Distorting the economy. That there is such a variety of analyzes has largely to do with the difficulty of knowing the true impact that AI is having on the economy. Already in November of last year, in Reuters They reported that the investment boom in AI was distorting the figures and making it very difficult to read the true situation of the country’s economy. On the one hand, the GDP registered a growth of 4%, but layoffs increased, perhaps partly due to AI. They called it the “bifurcated economy.” The geographical problem. In his invention, Jan Hatzius pointed out a fact that often goes unnoticed: to build the infrastructure that drives AI, many GPUs, memories and components are needed that are imported from other countries. “A lot of the investment in AI that we are seeing in the US actually adds to the GDP of Taiwan or Korea, but not really that much to the GDP of the US,” he said. The problem of productivity. It is the great promise of AI, that thanks to it we become more productive. However, the speed, quality or quantity of work produced are intangible aspects that do not always translate into an immediate economic return, much less one that has an impact on the global economy, but rather the improvements remain “trapped” within the companies. What is coming. If the 2025 investment was already truly crazy, the forecasts for 2026 are even crazier. The combined capex of large technology companies amounts to around $650 billion, which would be the equivalent of spending $1.2 million per minute for an entire year. There are those who think that the AI ​​bubble does not existbut of course the economic return on this tremendous investment is, at the very least, debatable. Image | Unsplashedited In Xataka | Investing in data centers for AI is insane, and it’s going to get worse. much worse

Ukraine is basically a country made dron. So the war between humans has passed to an unpublished zone: underground

Of all the realities that war in Ukraine is showing us, there is one that has no discussion: drones are The Trojan horse on which they are going to sustain war conflicts From now on. In Eastern Europe we are Seeing scenarios that until recently they were more typical of Fantastic literature than reality. The prominence is such that the battle between soldiers is no longer getting rid of the ground. It is getting rid underground. The war in the bowels. Yes, Kharkiv’s front is being the scene of an unexpected phenomenon: Russian soldiers tried infiltrate pipes of gas and water, crawling through ducts Underground to overcome the Oskil River and establish positions closer to Kupiansk. It’s about The third time in which this tactic appears since the beginning of the invasion, and is a new defensive challenge for Ukrainian forces, which have reacted flooding, damaging and fortifying several of these passages, aware that the pipes form an extensive and difficult network to control. kyiv’s General Staff officially confirmed that the pipes had been used, although it stressed that the city remains under Ukrainian control and that most accesses have already been closely neutralized or monitored. Pipes such as espionage routes. Kupiank’s case is not isolated. As We count thenlast March, Russian special forces toured almost fifteen kilometers through a gas pipeline in Sudzha to throw a blow against the Ukrainian rear in Kursk, an episode that Moscow celebrated As tactical successalthough it ended with the annihilation of much of the infiltrated team. In Avdiivka, at the beginning of 2024, Russian troops They drained a pipe Water service and adapted it as a underground route, opening exits every hundred meters to facilitate the advance. These maneuvers, which evoke command operations of other warsThey take advantage of the industrial and energy fabric of Ukraine, a country crossed by large gas pipelines that for decades were key to the European supply of Russian gas and that today, to a large extent, are underutilized. The Ukrainian response. Before this Unusual threatUkraine has deployed measures from Creative Military Engineering. In Kupiansk, teams of the 429th regiment of unmanned systems used explosives to damage the point where a pipe crossed with the Oskil, causing its flood. In addition, wire wire have been introduced inside some ducts, with Videos that show Booby-Traped passages designed to catch or dissuade intruders. Although the controls They recognize that Russia could try to repair or reuse these passages, ensure that surveillance is constant and that each attempt will be answered. This deployment reflects how Ukrainian defense is not only fought on the surface, with drones, armored or artillery, but also a subsoil turned into a new front. The expansion underground. Plus: The war in Ukraine had already shown An underground face in the catacombs of Mariupol or in the trenches of Bajmut, but the use of gas pipelines and pipes A different dimension: abandoned industrial corridors that now become improvised military tunnels in fear that drones do not allow surface advances. With a diameter of more than one meter in some cases, they allow the passage of equipped men and even basic supplies. Its extension, designed to transport up to 140,000 million cubic meters of gas per year, constitutes a potential battlefield which multiplies the possibilities of infiltration and forces Ukraine to allocate resources to unexpected land. The paradox is evident: the same infrastructure that once connected Europe with Russian energy today are Combat scenarios where the immediate security of cities and defensive positions is played. Strategic implications. He Use of pipes as penetration routes Confirm two things. On the one hand, that drones have transformed What we understood as a contest so far. On the other, the Russian ability to exploit any loophole in Ukrainian geography, even undergroundtogether with the need for kyiv to develop multilayer defenses that cover from the sky, saturated with drones, to subsoils, now traveled by soldiers crawling into the dark. Beyond the punctual efficacy, These tactics They highlight the plasticity of contemporary war, where each civil infrastructure can be militarized and where combat is fought in secondary dimensions. For military analysts, the battle of pipes in Ukraine anticipates a future in which the defense of a country will depend both on the surface that its population inhabits, plagued with swarms, as well as on the bowels that run through its industrial networks, now turned into unexpected war tunnels. Image | SERGEY KOLYASNIKOV In Xataka | In the Norwegian cold war he devised a plan underground to detain the Soviet. Invasion to Ukraine has reactivated it In Xataka | Russia has crowded a surprising blow to Ukraine: 100 soldiers walking for four days inside a gas pipeline

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