Month: October 2025

The waves are disappearing and we already know what causes it

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Imagine that one morning, one of the most famous natural wonders in your region disappears. It is not progressively lost, it simply ceases to exist from one day to the next. This is exactly what happened in October 2003 in the Basque thing. The Mudanka waveconsidered one of the best lefts in the world and an economic pillar for the area based on surf tourism, stopped breaking. The cause. It was not a mystery: a dredging of 243,000 cubic meters of sand Oka riverexecuted to facilitate the passage of barges to a shipyard, undid the underwater sandbank that, like a reef, sculpted the wave. The surf sank, and with it the local economy, which was based on surf tourism. This event is the starting point of ‘Las Olas Perdidas’, an investigation and exhibition at the Botín Center in Santander that unites the duo of artists and researchers from Cooking SectionsDaniel Fernández and Alon Schwabe, with the geomatics and oceanography group of the University of Cantabria. The project reveals an alarming truth: the oceans are losing their waves, becoming calmer, and we are the reason. Traveling in time. Just like the two researchers have recognized to ABC, although it seems impossible that the waves will end up disappearing, the reality is there. They point to the seas and oceans being calm and losing their strength. To demonstrate this, the GeoOcean team from the University of Cantabria applied its modeling technology in a novel way. According to the artists, they discovered the scientific group’s “ability to travel through time” to be able to see the waves that seemed to be only in the memories of the surfers. By using satellite imagery, historical databases, and complex numerical models, GeoOcean was able to do something amazing. “We indicated a day, month and year and they were able to show the height, speed or direction of the waves perfectly,” explains Fernández. All this with technology that today is used to predict future storms and the impact they may have on the coast. Although going back in time. The objective. Seeing exactly what was happening in the past made it possible to compare the state of the mythical wave before and after the key intervention that led to its eventual disappearance: a new breakwater. The conclusion in this case is that at the moment of ‘touching’ the seabed with any building or by simple trawling, the damage is caused by the wave. The investigation, which lasted two years, analyzed cases on all continents, including mythical enclaves now disappeared or degraded such as Cabo Blanco in Peru either Jardim do Mar in Madeira. They showed that when infrastructure cuts off the natural drift of sediment or dredging alters the seabed, the result is a loss of energy and, ultimately, the death of the wave. The injured. Logically, the fact of eliminating waves affects the surfers themselves, above all, and also the economy in general, since it is a very important driver of tourism in different regions. This has caused them to rise up on a war footing to defend the oceans and different phenomena. In Peru, for example, the protests of surfers and fishermen in Cabo Blanco were fundamental in promoting the pioneer “Law of Breakers”a unique legislation in the world that protects waves from infrastructure that could alter them. In Cantabria, groups such as ‘Surf & Nature Alliance’ are looking for formulas to declare the surf as natural heritage to prevent human hands from altering it. However, Cooking Sections warns of the other side: massive surf schools and championships that radically transform the life of a region is a double-edged sword. Surf-focused tourism and real estate speculation have fueled gentrification and, paradoxically, driven coastal development that ends up destroying the very waves that attracted people in the first place. The move to art. Science can sometimes be difficult to understand because you are working with a lot of data. That is why the team wanted to turn it into an artistic representation. Composer Duval Timothy turned the rhythms of each break before its disappearance into eleven unique sound pieces. In the room, eleven suspended structures undulate and vibrate activated by interpreters, simulating the “breathing” of those waves now extinct in order to raise awareness of the great problem that exists. In this way, ‘The Lost Waves’ uses data science to create an archive of what we have erased in the sea, demonstrating that the seabed and the surface are intimately connected and that our ‘scars’ on the ocean floor have direct consequences on the energy that materializes on the surface. Images | Silas Baisch In Xataka | We are clogging the ocean’s carbon toilet and it is something that is only going to cause us problems

China has taken a new step in its high-speed race. The CR450 has just reached a new milestone in its tests

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China has spent years perfecting machinery that not only symbolizes speed, but also industrial precision. Its last exponent, the CR450has shown the scope of that search: in its most recent tests, two trains reached a combined speed of 896 km/h at the intersectiona new record in the Chinese system. It is not an isolated gesture, but a step within the innovation program launched in 2021 to raise the bar for high speed with more reliability and performance. The new registration was confirmed on October 21. During tests on the high-speed line connecting Shanghai, Chongqing and Chengdu, two CR450 trains crossed each other, reaching a relative speed of 896 km/h. In the same test campaign, one of the prototypes once again reached 453 km/h per unit, equaling the record set in 2023. The tests, they explain, are part of the “evaluation operation” that is currently being carried out on the Wuhan–Yichang section, a prior step to a more demanding phase scheduled for 2026. Speed ​​is on the table, but the operation is not yet At first glance, it might seem that two trains traveling at 453 km/h should add up to a crossing speed of 906 km/h. In practice, testing conditions prevent this. As China Railway Group explainedthe exact moment when both units are on parallel tracks it only lasts a few secondsand getting them to maintain the same speed at that point is extremely complex. For safety reasons, technicians increase speed gradually, ensuring stability and synchronization before attempting new records. The CR450 is not an isolated project, but one more piece of the railway plan that China launched in 2021 to raise commercial speed to 400 km/h. The challenge is not minor: maintaining that pace without increasing consumption or noise. Before entering service, the prototype must complete 600,000 kilometers of tests under real conditions, an essential requirement for its certification. This year, trials have extended from the Chongqing to Qianjiang sections to the Wuhan–Yichang line, where technical teams continue to fine-tune the train’s behavior in prolonged use scenarios. How Sina collectsmuch of the CR450’s advancement can be understood by looking inside its engineering. The train incorporates permanent magnet motors with a total power of 11,000 kW. The weight has also been reduced about 50 tons thanks to the use of carbon fiber and magnesium alloys, and the aerodynamic profile has been optimized with a longer nose, 15 meters. They claim that at 400 km/h, the noise level inside the car barely reaches 68 decibels. Although the CR450 has already demonstrated its technical capabilities, its commercial deployment remains without a clear destination. Today there is no operational line in China prepared to travel at 400 km/h. The first that contemplates this possibility is the Chengdu–Chongqing Central Line, approved in 2021 with a base design of 350 km/h and adaptable sections for future tests at higher speeds. According to China Economic Newsthe plan is that next year the train will undergo a more demanding testing phase there, the closest so far to a real service scenario. The development of the CR450 is divided between two of the main railway manufacturers in the country. The CR450AF version has been built by CRRC Qingdao Sifang, while the CR450BF is built by CRRC Changchun. Both They share an eight-car configuration —four engines and four trailers—. Official information indicates that they incorporate advanced communication and braking systems, as well as high stability bogies designed to maintain balance even in extreme speed tests. The immediate future of the CR450 passes through the aforementioned line, where over the next year it will undergo tests closest to real operation. There is still no confirmed date for its entry into service, and those responsible for the project emphasize that the priority continues to be technical validation. For now, we have to wait to see if all the promises of the program materialize and if the new train manages to transfer its laboratory achievements to the operational field. Images | China Railway Group In Xataka | The shortest launch in history: a million-dollar luxury yacht sank just 200 meters from the dock

The rise comes just when he is considering selling part of his business

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Warner Bros. Discovery has once again touched one of the most sensitive keys in the entertainment market: the price of HBO Max. The company has announced in the United States a new increase that coincides with a stage of internal transformation, marked by the review of its divisions and conversations with potential buyers. The movement confirms that the period of low prices to attract subscribers is fading. Instead, the giants of the sector seek to consolidate their business, even at the cost of raising rates. While new increases are announced in the United States, in Spain theirs is about to be applied. The adjustment was communicated at the end of September and will come into force this October 23with prices ranging from 6.99 euros per month in the basic plan with ads to 15.99 in the premium, and an annual option of 109 euros. It is the first rate review in quite some time and, according to the information available, there is no confirmation that it will be repeated in the immediate future. In the United States, the increase is already effective. Starting this October 21, new HBO Max subscribers pay between one and two dollars more per month depending on their plan. The basic one with ads now costs $10.99, the standard one $18.49 and the premium one $22.99. Current monthly customers will see the increase reflected in their next bill, starting November 20, while annual customers will notice it when they renew. Warner Bros. Discovery has assured that everyone will receive at least 30 days’ notice. A long anticipated move. In September, its CEO, David Zaslav, publicly acknowledged that the company saw room to charge more for its services. “We believe we are well below the price,” stated during a conference at Goldman Sachs. That idea sums up the moment the industry is experiencing: many platforms are seeking profitability after years of accelerated expansion. For now, nothing indicates that HBO Max will raise prices again in Spain in the short term. The company has not communicated any additional adjustments beyond the one that comes into effect this October 23. In any case, it is advisable to be especially attentive to subscription renewals and promotions from this moment on. On the verge of a large-scale transformation. The company has confirmed that it is moving forward with its plan to divide into two companies before 2026: one dedicated to streaming and content production, and another to the international television business. In recent months, the company has received interest from several firms and an offer from Paramount Skydance. According to its CEO, David Zaslav, the objective is “to identify the best way to value all the group’s assets.” Images | HBO Max In Xataka | That Apple is going to broadcast F1 is just the tip of the iceberg: its plan to become “the iTunes of sports”

As if we didn’t have enough climate worries on Earth, a new threat is coming: space tornadoes

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Before we looked at the sky to predict the weather. Now we look at the forecast in an app provided by incredibly powerful simulations based on radar and satellite data. Thus, we can see the path of a hurricane days before it makes landfall, potentially saving thousands of lives. But what about the “tornadoes” that come from space? Sorry? It turns out that interplanetary space is not a quiet vacuum, and a new study warns of a phenomenon that has already been baptized with a disturbing name: “space tornadoes.” They are not wind funnels that carry the debris of the galaxy with them; They are actually rotating vortexes of plasma and magnetic fields that travel at insane speeds through space. But the most worrying thing is not that they exist, but where are formed. The research reveals that these vortices do not necessarily originate from the Sun, but can be born spontaneously in deep space, as a result of collisions between larger solar storms. And yes, they are powerful enough to wreak havoc on Earth. A magnetic problem. When astronomers talk about space weather, they’re not talking about a meteor shower. The weather engine of our solar system is the Sun. From time to time, our star spits out gigantic eruptions of charged particles and magnetic fields. The most powerful event of this type is Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). CMEs travel at speeds of up to 2,900 kilometers per second. When one hits the Earth, it interacts with our natural magnetic shield (the magnetosphere) and can cause a geomagnetic storm. The good thing is that this interaction produces incredibly beautiful northern and southern lights. The downside is that a severe geomagnetic storm can interfere with power grids, overheat transformers to the point of failure, and damage satellites vital to communications and GPS. The mystery of ghost storms. This is where the new research begins. In 2023, a team of scientists at the University of Michigan ran into a problem: They were recording geomagnetic storms on Earth that didn’t match any CME that had been predicted to hit us. They were “phantom storms.” The hypothesis: that smaller, more dangerous space weather events were forming on the way from the Sun to the Earth, rather than directly at the Sun. According to a paper by the researchers in The ConversationThe main suspect was structures known as “flux ropes,” bundles of magnetic fields twisted back on themselves that are affectionately referred to as magnetic tornadoes. They had already been observed, but their exact origin and whether they were powerful enough to cause problems on their own were unknown. The problem was how to detect them. Current space weather simulations are designed to look at “big” things (CMEs), not little vortices. These flux ropes were too small for the models to resolve. The researchers compare it to “trying to forecast a hurricane with a simulation that only shows you global weather patterns.” Since they couldn’t increase the resolution of the entire solar system (it would be computationally prohibitive), the team did something smarter: they created an ultra-high-resolution simulation “corridor,” nearly 100 times finer than previous models, centered on the path of a specific solar flare that occurred in May 2024. And then they saw them. The simulation revealed the birth mechanism of these tornadoes. It happened when the CME “crashed” into the slower solar wind in front of it. The researchers’ own analogy is perfect: it was like “watching a hurricane generate a cluster of tornadoes in its wake.” The study confirms this phenomenon for the first time through simulation. The collision between the CME and the solar wind creates an intense “current sheet.” In that area, a process called magnetic reconnection (when magnetic field lines violently break and reconfigure) “spits out” these mesoscale vortices. Why are they dangerous? The simulation demonstrated that these mesoscopic “flow ropes” are not minor phenomena. They contain magnetic fields (about 30 nanoTeslas) “strong enough to trigger a significant geomagnetic storm” on their own. The real danger is that, to our current systems, they are almost invisible. While a giant CME is an obvious and massive threat that we can track from the Sun, these “space tornadoes” that form along the way would appear, at best, as a “small blip” on monitors. We could be hit by a geomagnetic storm capable of damaging the electrical grid with little prior warning. Our best weapon. Satellite constellations. This discovery shows that our way of monitoring space weather is insufficient. Instead of single-point satellites (like the DSCOVR observatory, which can only measure what passes in front of it), we need a constellation of satellites flying in formation. Researchers have proposed a mission designed precisely for this. It would be called SWIFT (Space Weather Investigation Frontier) and it would be a constellation of four satellites flying in a tetrahedron formation, capable of measuring these vortices with precision. Only by measuring the same phenomenon from multiple points at the same time can we understand its real 3D structure and its danger. Image | NOAA, Mojtaba Akhavan-Tafti and Chip Manchester In Xataka | NASA has calculated how much time we would have to prepare for a devastating solar storm and has set to work to get that time

the trauma of thousands of underpaid workers in developing countries

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He data labeling It is a necessary step so that learning models can understand them and thus learn. It’s the ScaleAI business, Alexandr Wang’s company recently valued at $29 billion. However, not everyone involved in data labeling enjoys this status. Much of this work is carried out by workers in poor countries, poorly paid and involves very unpleasant tasks. what’s happening. The advancement of artificial intelligence requires an enormous amount of data labeling. They count in AFP that this work is usually done by workers who reside in impoverished countries such as Kenya, Colombia or India. In addition to being very poorly paid, the job often requires them to review very unpleasant images. For example, for an AI to write an autopsy report, taggers must view hundreds of images of real crimes. The work. It consists of reviewing and labeling files, most often images. It does not require a degree, just knowing how to use a computer and demonstrating that you can think analytically. The ease of access means that many people in vulnerable situations turn to this type of work. The problem is that, to get a decent salary, they have to work long hours, up to 16 hours a day in some casesand also many times the content they must label is violent and extreme. AI moderators. It is a situation similar to the one that moderators of different platforms have been denouncing for years. We recently talked about the lawsuit that a former Chaturbate moderator had imposed on the company. There are other cases like that of Facebook moderators in Barcelona who denounced the company due to the psychological trauma that filtering all that content caused them. Invisible. The data labeling market generated 3.8 billion dollars in 2024 and is expected to grow to 17 billion in the next five years. However, those who make it possible work in very poor conditions. A Colombian worker tells AFP that data taggers are “like ghosts. No one knows we exist even though we are contributing to the technological progress of society.” Better conditions. There was no legislation in Kenya, but data taggers have been organized to achieve regulation and have better working conditions. They denounce the lack of psychological support they receive and demand formal employment contracts, a fair salary that reflects their work and the fundamental right to rest. This mobilization seeks to guarantee a more dignified work environment and protect the rights of these essential workers in the artificial intelligence industry. The platforms. The most mentioned is Remotasks, a subsidiary of Scale AI that has been the subject of protests in countries such as Kenya, Venezuela and the Philippines for defaults and problematic practices. The company defends himself and ensures that they offer “fair and competitive remuneration.” Last year closed its doors in Kenya after workers complained publicly. There are more like the Australian Appen or Sama, a subcontractor of companies like Meta and OpenAI that was sued in Kenya due to poor working conditions and also ceased its activity. The human cost. There is growing concern about the environmental impact of artificial intelligence, that requires large amounts of energy to run, especially due to the training and operation of complex models. However, there is not only an energy and natural resource cost, but also a significant human cost that seems to be going more unnoticed. Image | Christina Morillo, Pexels In Xataka | There are 60 countries that have signed an agreement for “open”, “inclusive” and “safe” AI. And two that don’t: the US and the United Kingdom

Adam Driver contacted Soderbergh to make a more “personal” film about Kylo Ren. Until Disney stopped them

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It is the eternal tension between creativity and corporate control that grips a Hollywood devastated by the presence of franchisesand which especially suffocates Disney, which either fails to get some of its most iconic brands to overcome the feeling of wear and tear (Marvel), or fails to get them to take creative flight (Indiana Jones, ‘Star Wars‘). The last test, the cancellation of a project that could have been a bubble of fresh air in George Lucas’s galactic saga. The return of Ben Solo. In one interview with The Associated PressAdam Driver revealed that Disney rejected a sequel film focused on Ben Solo, better known as Kylo Ren), titled ‘The Hunt for Ben Solo’, which he developed with director Steven Soderbergh and screenwriter Scott Z. Burns for two years. Despite enthusiastic support from Lucasfilm, including Kathleen Kennedy and Dave Filoni, the project was vetoed by Disney CEO Bob Iger and co-chairman Alan Bergman, who argued that they were not sure Solo would still be alive after his redemption and death in ‘The Rise of Skywalker‘, from 2019. How it was going to be. The project was born from Driver’s personal interest in closing the arc of Kylo Ren, a character whose evolution he felt was incomplete. Originally, Driver had believed that there would be a reverse arc to that of Darth Vader that we saw in the prequels, but the trilogy produced by JJ Abrams did not develop it as the actor expected. After a call from Kennedy in 2021, Driver teamed up with Soderbergh to create a more intimate, character-driven film, inspired by the somewhat more twilight tone of ‘The Empire Strikes Back’. How would I resurrect? Driver insists in that the apparent death of Ben Solo was just that, apparent, and that Disney was carried away with a literal vision of the films. And with this he left aside the tradition of the ‘Star Wars’ universe of resurrecting characters through clones, spirits, time travel or mystical forces, as happened with Emperor Palpatine himself in ‘The Rise of Skywalker‘.​ Driver suggests with his statements that, once again, instead of betting on imagination and betraying expectations, Disney embraced linear and conventional narratives. The shadow of Han Solo. In Marvel only in recent times and with very specific cases, such as ‘The Marvels‘, ‘Eternals‘ either the latest installment of Captain AmericaDisney has encountered box office failures that, in any case, have not been resounding either. On the other hand, we have been six years since the last ‘Star Wars’ film, and this despite the notorious success of the last trilogy. The reason may have been how poorly received proposals such as ‘Han Solo‘ or ‘Rogue One’, which tried to propose narratives outside the Skywalker Saga. Stage fright. However, that saga has ended and Disney seems paralyzed by a stage fright that could be reinforced by the poor reception of series like ‘Obi Wan Kenobi‘ either ‘The Acolyte‘. The success of parallel projects with a certain radical component such as ‘Andor‘ do not seem to encourage the company to pursue alternative paths for the franchise, knowing that it has to invest a disproportionate amount of budget and marketing in selling new films in the series, and that is the reason why in recent years we have seen more cancellations than ideas coming to fruition. Maybe things will change with the (for now) film starring Ryan Gosling that seems well underway. Although until the time comes, we may see a few corpses along the way like this ‘The Hunt for Ben Solo’ In Xataka | One thousand euros for the Star Wars Death Star: the most expensive Lego set to date does not make all fans happy ​

If it consumes more, turn on the oven or air fryer

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Every time the electricity bill arrives, we look at it with more attention than before. It is no longer enough to turn off the lights or unplug the cell phone charger: now cooking has also become an energy decision. Between hobs, ovens and air fryers, the kitchen has become the new battleground for savings. In recent years, the air fryer has come to staypromising lighter and faster meals. But the question remains in the air: does it consume more or less than the traditional oven? The modern dilemma. They may both cook with hot air, but their way of doing it makes the difference. The air fryer, Endesa explainsit works more like a miniature oven than a classic fryer. Its trick is to circulate hot air at high speed within a small compartment, achieving fast and uniform cooking. The traditional oven, for its part, heats a much larger space and needs to maintain the temperature for longer.And that’s the crux of the matter: the larger the volume, the more energy is expended. According to Naturgy, Although the oven is not the device that consumes the most electricity per year – barely 4% of the total – its specific power is one of the highest, and this can be noticed when the light goes up. Data and euros on the table. The power figures help to understand it better. An average air fryer has a power of between 1,000 and 1,800 watts, which is equivalent to a consumption of 0.8 to 1.5 kilowatt hours (kWh) per time of use, depending on the model and time. Meanwhile, a conventional oven has a higher power of between 2,000 and 5,000 watts, and with an average consumption of 1 to 1.5 kWh per use, although it may be higher for long cooking times or high temperatures. To understand it better, it is worth looking at how much it costs for our pocket. According to TotalEnergiesusing an air fryer for half an hour costs between 11 and 23 cents, depending on the model and the electricity rate. On the other hand, an electric oven can double that amount, especially if used at high temperatures or for more than an hour. Cooking a kilo and a half chicken at 220°C for just over an hour, for example, can cost around 30 or 40 cents. depending on the time zone. And although it may seem like little, consumption multiplies when it is used frequently or long preheats are performed. In addition, the oven requires preheating – between 10 and 15 minutes – and loses up to 25% of heat each time the door is opened, according to the Organization of Consumers and Users (OCU). Small gestures that increase consumption without us realizing it. The CNMC remember that the real cost It depends on the price of the kilowatt hour (kWh) at any given time. In 2025, the average domestic price in Spain is around €0.14/kWh, although it varies significantly between peak and off-peak hours. Therefore, rather than focusing only on the appliance, it is advisable to cook in the cheapest sections or take advantage of the residual heat, small gestures that can reduce final expenditure by up to 20%. Does size matter? That’s it the secret of the air fryer: a compact compartment that concentrates heat and reduces cooking time. The hermetic design and constant circulation of hot air allow it to reach temperatures of up to 200 °C in just a few minutes, which shortens times and prevents heat leaks. Therefore, for small portions or individual dishes, the air fryer wins by a landslide in efficiency. Of course, the most modern ovens have also learned to save. Those with energy class A or B and convection models with internal fan can consume up to 60% less than the old ones, and if their full capacity is used – cooking several dishes at the same time or using duo trays – the cost per serving can be very competitive. Beyond appliances. Efficiency not only depends on the appliance, but small gestures – such as not opening the oven while cooking, taking advantage of residual heat or planning several recipes at the same time – can reduce energy consumption. up to 30% annually. Unplugging small appliances when not in use avoids “phantom consumption”, and choosing appliances with an A or B energy label is an investment that pays for itself in a few months. In the words of the CNMCadapting use to the most economical schedules can mean savings of between 9% and 15% on the annual bill. The future is served. The air fryer has democratized energy efficiency in the kitchen. It is compact, clean, fast and economical. But the oven, far from disappearing, retains its throne as a versatile and robust tool for lovers of traditional cuisine. Ultimately, the savings do not depend so much on the device as on the use we make of it. Image | FreePik and Pixabay Xataka | Dreame no longer wants to be just the vacuum cleaner brand. Your order to conquer the home: washing machines, refrigerators and even ovens

There are foreign bus companies trying to compete with Alsa and Avanza. And Spain is making it impossible

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The Spanish bus map is in the process of changing. Routes that do not make money, corridors that no one wants to access, companies that want to completely liberalize the sector and the doubt of, to what extent, foreign companies can enter to play in a foreign country. And Spain is trying by all means to ensure that the latter does not happen. What’s happening? If we adhere to Spanish regulations, right now a company dedicated to the transport of passengers by bus You cannot make international trips with stops to drop off and pick up travelers within Spain. Not, at least, permanently. The rule only allows this service to be carried out temporarily, in order to protect national routes. That is, this prevents a company from opening a route, for example, between Lisbon and Paris and from picking up and dropping off passengers within Spanish territory at its stops within Spain (in Madrid and Barcelona, ​​for example). It is understood that if this is possible it would be a direct competition to those who have been awarded those corridors. How do buses work in Spain? Spain uses a concessional model for its bus lines. This means that a broker goes out to tender and companies present their proposals playing with the price. The best offer is the one takes the concession and the one that begins to operate during the agreed years. The system has its advantages and disadvantages. Confebús, an association that defends this model, points out that it gives security to the client because transportation is guaranteed during the agreed years and a route cannot be abandoned. Companies like FlixBus are contrary because they understand that competition is limited and that they prevent the company from adapting to new circumstances. These circumstances, for example, leave some expired concessions or concessions that have never been put out to tender. It is especially serious on bus lines where a high-speed railway operates in parallel, since the train is much more competitive in price and time. Of course, the main people affected by the abandonment of these lines are the residents of towns with intermediate stops. And what about international travel? For some time now, Europe has wanted to liberalize the sector, as it has done with trains. Despite this, Spain is resisting and although at first it was proposed to jump to the direct competition model, finally we want to maintain the concessional system but with profound changes in the current map. With this system, services through cabotage are prevented. That is, the company picks up and delivers passengers within the same country along an international route. This is the argument of Avanza and Alsa to defend the latest ruling of the Court of Justice of the European Union that has ruled in favor of Denmark before the opening of a file from the European Commission. However, the case that both companies put forward is not very representative of the open debate in Spain. What has happened in Denmark? Denmark has regulated the occasional bus service that operates through cabotage in the country to a maximum of seven calendar days in a month. The formula is also applied at other times in France, as both companies use in a statement collected by 20Minutes. Understanding that this contravened community rules, the European Commission has opened a file against Denmark but the Court of Justice of the European Union closes it, understanding that Denmark does not prevent the service, it only regulates it. That is, a company can act with a discretionary service through cabotage but within the regulations established by the country. But… what is discretionary? Here is a big part of the issue. European bodies have been discussing Whether or not Denmark allows cabotage service through discretionary routes but not regular routes. Discretionary routes are those that do not have a fixed route or established times. That is, they do not always leave on the same day of the week and at the same time from a specific city, for example. They are the typical routes for trips by tourists or supporters who go to watch a soccer match in another country. The limitation of those seven consecutive days within the same month that Denmark applies is designed so that foreign companies do not compete unfairly with their national companies, offering a regulated service camouflaged as discretionary. Implications in Spain? None. This is what FlixBus defends. The travel company maintains that this regulation, contrary to what Avanza and Alsa points out, has nothing to do with the regular and international routes that companies like them propose for our country. Routes in which they would use cabotage to make the line more efficient. They give as an example the route between Trier (Germany) and Madrid that FlixBus has requested with intermediate stops in Zaragoza and Barcelona that passengers could use to move within the national territory. The line has not been authorized and FlixBus appeals to the resolution of the European Commission of April 16 that forces Spain to open its lines to this service. Spain filed an appeal against this decision was dismissed by the Court of Justice of the European Union. What is Spain doing? Place all obstacles to the entry of new actors or the liberalization of bus lines, as demanded by Europe. The approval of the Sustainable Mobility Law On October 8, 2025, article 50 was eliminated, which allowed certain routes to be authorized in free competition. That is, for now, the battle to open new international routes that allow the transfer of travelers within the same country continues. Spain has the obligation to comply, if we adhere to what is required by the European Commission, but, for the moment, it still has not given the green light to this possibility. Photo | FlixBus and Eleazer Glez In Xataka | Until a few years ago, the towns between Madrid and Valencia had trains and buses. Now they only have one problem: the AVE

This is ChatGPT Atlas, the new asset with which it seeks to continue leading AI

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We may be looking at more than just another technological launch. ChatGPT It has already altered the way many search for information. What was previously the exclusive domain of Google, now also passes through the OpenAI chatbot. With chatGPT Atlasthe company gives the step that many anticipated: a web browser that combines conversation, search and context in one environment. In this area, OpenAI does not arrive alone. Perplexity had already presented its own browser with AI integration, Cometwhich also seeks to redefine the search experience. It remains to be seen if the commitment of the company led by Sam Altman manages to sustain the expectations that have flourished this time. What is the OpenAI browser like? The first thing we find when opening ChatGPT Atlas is a recognizable interface: a window very similar to that of ChatGPT itself. OpenAI appears to have designed the environment so that the transition between the assistant and the browser is natural, keeping the conversation at the heart of the experience. Atlas preserves the basic functions of any browser—history, bookmarks, tabs—although the key is how we interact with it. The user can communicate in natural language, by text or by voiceto perform actions. You can ask, for example, to locate a recent page or to find a specific term within the history. The most notable difference is in their agentic capacities. From the “Ask ChatGPT” button, located in the upper right corner, it is possible to activate agent mode to delegate tasks. The browser can also summarize the content of a website, analyze what appears on the screen or suggest actions based on the context. If we open a project on GitHub, for example, it could directly offer related commands or steps. In addition, OpenAI has integrated several of its previous products into Atlas. Personalized suggestions based on recent usage appear on the home screen, an attempt to funnel user information into practical features. The approach is clear: unify conversation, search and assistance in the same operating environment. In development. Images | OpenAI In Xataka | “We are building ghosts”: OpenAI founder says AI does not imitate brains

In 2016, a construction manager lost his 16,000 euro Rolex in a concrete pour. So he sued his company

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The story of a construction manager in Parma (Italy) has hit the local media for having lost a luxurious watch Rolex Daytona valued at around 16,000 euros while working on one of the construction sites that he had to supervise as part of his job. As if it were not striking enough that a construction worker (no matter how much of a construction manager he was) I had a Rolexand took him as if nothing had happened to an environment as hostile as a work in progress, the employee decided to add a twist to the drama of the story: sue the company, accusing it of being responsible for the loss of the valuable watch. Two courts had to show him what seemed obvious. Luxury formwork In May 2016, the person in charge of a construction site in the Italian city of Parma carried out the usual prior verifications when pouring concrete necessary to build the foundation of a building. Apparently nothing out of the ordinary in the reality of thousands of works anywhere in the world, except for the detail that this employee wore a Rolex Daytona on his wrist. In one of these verifications, the person in charge detected that one of the pumps in charge of pumping the concrete into the intended hole was not working properly, which prompted him to take control himself at that precise moment and personally manipulate the nozzle of one of the machines to instruct his colleagues on how to pour it correctly. While holding a metal chain anchored to the end of the concrete mixer chute to control the direction in which the material should be poured, he waited for the staff to reactivate the pump. It was then that, when the spill resumed, something happened that triggered the loss. According to the witnesses called to testify in the trial: “Within minutes of resuming concrete pouring, while still holding the supply pipe as described, another sudden blockage occurred. Without giving him time to break free and move away, the pipe moved with a sudden and violent jerk, with such force that it lifted him off the ground and threw him several meters away.” After the incident, the construction manager composed himself and warned that his Rolex Daytona had disappeared from his wrist: everything indicated that the valuable Swiss watch had disappeared in the middle of the quick-setting concrete. At that same moment, exhaustive searches were launched, even within the mix, but the watch was never recovered. Outraged by the mishap, the employee blamed both the company and the machinery for the accident and filed a lawsuit requesting full compensation for the lost watch due to the malfunction of the concrete pumping system. According to collect The Italian newspaper Corriere di Bologna, in its statement, stated verbatim: “You owe me my Rolex Daytona for 16,000 euros; it is your fault and the machine’s fault.” Common sense two courts Italian justice was clear, and it was clear on two occasions: the responsibility fell on the construction manager for not being sufficiently cautious. After lose the lawsuit In the first instance, the construction manager submitted the first ruling to the Court of Appeal of Bologna, which determined – for the second time – that “it is seriously unsustainable that directing the trunk of a concrete mixer to direct the pouring of concrete on foundations under construction is an activity that can be carried out wearing a 16,000 euro watch”, as literally stated in the ruling signed by judges Rossi, Gaudioso and Mazze who formed the court. In their resolution, the magistrates concluded that the employee did not adopt the essential “expertise and diligence” measures, which made any claim against the company inadmissible. For this reason, the employee not only lost the valuable watch, but was also forced to pay an additional 2,500 euros in legal costs. The Rolex it cost him money even after losing it. In Xataka | Rolex is tired of theft and counterfeiting: they want to use NFT chips and blockchain-based certificates of authenticity Image | Rolex, Unsplash (Troy Mortier)

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