sanctions

It has a plan to escape once again the US sanctions

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China is very important for Nvidia. Since he arrived at this market in mid -2024 his chip for artificial intelligence (AI) H20 Their sales have grown no less than 50% quarter to quarter. For the company led by Jensen Huang This reception is a real successespecially if we keep in mind that this GPU is a trimmed review of its most powerful chips that seeks to satisfy the limitations imposed by the US Department of Commerce. Whatever the time of Nvidia bonanza in China seems to have concluded. As we explained in the middle of last April, this last American agency It has imposed restrictions To the export to China of the H20 GPU, and this in practice means that this chip presumably will not reach Chinese clients in Nvidia. This company soon react announcing that this prohibition will cause a hole in its accounts of 5.5 billion dollars due to the commitments linked to the H20 GPU that the reserves of this chip had already acquired that it will finally not be satisfied. Nvidia prepares new AI chips for China, according to The Information As expected, Nvidia will not easily lose the Chinese market. And it is that two media usually well informed as they are The Information and Reuters They have collected that their engineers are working on new GPUs for expressly adapted to the country’s market led by Xi Jinping. Nvidia has not officially confirmed it, but presumably these chips will be trimmed reviews of their most advanced solutions. This is the same strategy that Nvidia turned to when the GPU was ready H800, A800 Or H20, and although it worked, it didn’t do it for a long time. The US government seems to be determined to prevent research institutions and Chinese companies They access hardware for American originso the Department of Commerce Restrictions do not stop hardening that the GPUs must meet that US companies can sell in China. The US government seems to be determined to prevent research institutions and Chinese companies from accessing hardware for American origin At this juncture it is reasonable that we ask ourselves if Chinese clients in Nvidia, among which are Alibaba, Bytedance or Tencent, among others, they are interested in continuing to buy chips for less and less capable. In addition, Huawei is strengthening its position in China to take advantage of the hole that Nvidia is leaving in the market because of US sanctions. And is that just a few hours after the entry into force of the new regulation of the Department of Commerce He presented his chip for the ascend 920a solution that is clearly destined to occupy in the Chinese market The gaps that the H20 GPU is going to leave of Nvidia. This proposal will enter large -scale production during the second half of 2025 using 6 NM integration technology that have presumably developed elbow with Huawei elbow and SMIC. However, this is not the only asset that Huawei has to increase its market share both in China and beyond its country of origin. And this company is preparing to start the testing and validation phase of a new GPU for AI: the Ascend 910D chip. Unlike the GPU Ascend 920 that, as we have seen, presumably aspires to compete with the NVIDIA H20 chip, the GPU Ascend 910D seeks to overcome the performance of the chip NVIDIA H100. If this movement is confirmed, already priori this information is reliable, it will be evident that Huawei will have chosen to fight in all hardware market segments for AI In which Nvidia is present. Until now this Chinese company wanted to get its hardware dominate the inference processes in AIand not the training of the models, but this strategy in which moderation prevails seems to have come to an end. Image | Nvidia More information | The Information | Reuters In Xataka | The US gives Huawei a great opportunity: to get its new chip for AI with the Nvidia market in China

Should the same fine pay the same poor as a rich? Spain is already serious that the DGT puts progressive sanctions

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An increase of up to 500%. That is what has been able to add in the Congress of Deputies with their proposal of law to implement the concept of progressivity to traffic sanctions. A measure that already applies in other countries and aims to match the balance. This is what we know. A Law Proposition. First of all, it is important to know What is a law proposition. This formula allows any parliamentary group to present a letter in which the modification of a law or the creation of an existing one is. Once presented, the government has 30 days to answer whether or not it is processed. If processed, the deadline for presenting possible amendments to the text is opened. In case of moving forward is when the final approval of the text is discussed in the Congress of Deputies. Here is the time to approve this proposition, which decays or that different modifications are included. The proposal to add. Therefore, the proposal to add is, for the moment, in the first step before traffic violations are forward. However, it is still important because it opens the debate to the approval of progressive fines in our country. As you can read in the text presented at the Congress of Deputies, the idea is that the one who has the most pay in case of committing an infraction. “It cannot be that for some a fine ruins the month and for others it is a calderilla,” said Enrique Santiago, spokesman to add, in words collected by The country. What is it? As we say, in which he pays more who has the most. But, to what extent. That is what would have to be defined and add its proposal: A 30% increase in the cost of the sanction “in response to the severity and transcendence of the fact, the background of the offender and his status as a repeat offender, the potential danger created for himself and for the other users of the road and the criterion of proportionality” A 150% increase for sanctioned offenders whose annual gross income is between 70,000 and 85,000 euros. A 300 % increase between sanctioned offenders whose annual gross income between 85,000 and 100,000 euros. A 500 % increase for sanctioned offenders whose annual gross income greater than 100,000 euros. In addition to increases in the payment of sanctions, the proposal also includes reductions for serious and very serious infractions: 30% reduction for those who prove income up to 1.5 times the SMI 15% reduction for those who prove income between 1.5 and 2.5 times the SMI What do we pay? At the moment, the DGT contemplates three scenarios to punish the infractions According to the Traffic Law: Mild infractions: up to 100 euros of sanction. Serious infractions: sanction of 200 euros. Very serious infractions: sanction of 500 euros as a general rule. Reiteration in alcohol or drug use is punished with 1,000 euros. Driving a car with detectors or radar inhibitors is punished with 3,000 euros. Current punishments for speeding How much would we pay? If we apply the proposal to add to the current sanctions, it must be taken into account that all speeding is a serious offense, although a penalty of 100 euros is contemplated for the milder cases. That is, to exceed the maximum permitted speed would entail the payment of the following fines: People who enter less than 1.5 times the SMI: 70 euros. People entering between 1.5 and 2.5 times the SMI: 85 euros. People who exceed 2.5 times the SMI and up to 70,000 euros: they could pay up to 130 euros “in response to the severity and transcendence of the fact, the background of the offender and their status as a repeat offender, the potential danger created for himself and for the other users of the road and the criteria of proportionality.” People who enter between 70,000 and 85,000 euros: 250 euros. People entering between 85,000 and 100,000 euros: 400 euros. People who enter more than 100,000 euros: 600 euros. In response to more serious speed, which is punished with 600 euros, we could talk about sanctions of up to 3,600 euros at the upper end. For fines for drug use, it would amount to 6,000 euros. And for the use of inhibitors and radar detectors they would be 18,000 euros. Does this apply in any country? Yes, different European Union countries have this way of acting in traffic but not all apply in the same way. The most obvious and known case is that of Finland, pioneers who apply this method since 1929 according to Pyramid Consultingspecialized in resorting traffic sanctions. Finland is also famous because in the early 2000s, a Nokia manager was sanctioned with a Fine of 116,000 euros for exceeding the maximum limit allowed at 25 km/h. It is not the only Finnish case, Anders Wiklöf, Finnish millionaire owner of Wiklöf Holding (A group of more than 20 companies that invest in all types of sectors), complained that only three fines 300,000 euros had cost him. And Finland is not the only country where this criterion is applied. In Sweden and in Switzerland he also pays the most and in Denmark, reductions of up to 50% are contemplated when paying fines so not everything is bad news, they collect in Cubic centimeters. And does it work? There are doubts that increasing what is paid for traffic infractions has a real effect on traffic accidents. Some studies They claim that applying progressive fines can reduce road deaths by 5% and 2% serious injuries. However, a meta -analysis It did correlate an increase in the payment of the sanctions between 50 and 100% of the cost of them with a 15% reduction in infractions. Despite this, it was not confirmed that there was a clear correlation between this reduction and a decrease in the number of accidents, dead on the road or injured. Photo | Jorge Fraganillo In Xataka | We already know … Read more

Even with the sanctions it is cheaper

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In recent days, President Donald Trump has sent a proposal High to Vladimir Putin. In addition, the G7 He has urged To Russia to accept the stop to the fire or, otherwise, you will have to face new sanctions. However, one of the strongest assets of the Kremlin is not having problems thanks to the black market. The hidden market. The last report of the IEA has pointed out That the combined production of Russia’s crude oil, Venezuela and Iran has increased in March, compared to the previous months. As advanced in their social networks Energy expert Javier Blas: “Despite all rumors about new sanctions, the black oil market is thriving.” Despite the sanctions. The three countries mentioned continue to export raw, taking advantage of lagoons in the regulation and lack of political will to curb the flow of illicit oil, such as explains Javier Blas in his column. Also, like It is mentioned in the IEA reportexports from both Russia and Iran have not experienced significant interruptions, since both countries meet the demand of China and India. For its part, Venezuela has had to face more challenges for the revocation of the Chevron license, which the He has forced to depend more on intermediaries to export their crude, especially China. The increasingly lower price. The price of oil He is facing A “perfect storm”, in which an unexpected country, Kazakhstan, has been placed in the center of the energy market. Although this country was not known for being a great producer such as Russia, Iran or Venezuela, its growing influence on OPEC+ and its overproduction strategy are affecting the global oil supply. For its part, Russia, Iran and Venezuela produce Together 16 million barrels per day, that is, 15% of the world market of crude oil with lower prices affecting the traditional market. But how do they? The black oil market has adopted different methods to avoid sanctions. Oil trees without sanctions and transfers on the high seas, better known as “Ghost ships“, They have become common routes to continue exporting the crude of the mentioned countries. This strategy, although expensive and risky, remains attractive due to the high profit margin. Intermediaries play a crucial role, then Through triangulation With countries that do not apply sanctions, such as China and India, they continue to buy and transport the crude sanctioned without fear of immediate repercussions. Europe without action for action. Meanwhile, the EU faces a complicated situation. On the one hand, as we commented above, it cannot act against the black market. On the other hand, like Bloomberg has advancedan agreement between the Kremlin and the US on Ukraine could resume the flows of the Russian gas pipelines to Europe. This statement adds another layer of uncertainty to the situation, since a few days ago the debate between Russia and the United States about The reopening of nordstream 2. The global impact. As Russia, Iran and Venezuela maintain exports of the black market and Kazakhstan and the United States continue to overcome, prices will continue to be pressed down. To all this, we must add a lack of agreement in the high on the fire in the Ukraine War, so the uncertainty in the energy markets will continue. The combination of these dynamics could continue to disrupt the global market balance, leaving the energy situation even more vulnerable. Image | Unspash Xataka | Europe has sent 18,000 million euros to Ukraine for war. The problem is that it has spent more on Russian oil and gas

It is manufacturing AI chips for Huawei despite the sanctions, according to the United States

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TSMC’s headaches have not finished. The US government definitely included Huawei in its blacklist in 2020, and one of the immediate consequences of this decision was that this Taiwan chips manufacturer stopped producing semiconductors For this Chinese company. Two years later, in October 2022, the US administration decided to include All the Chinese semiconductor industry In his blacklist, which further cut the TSMC client portfolio. Anyway, for Huawei, it has all the meaning of the world to try to make TSMC manufacture some of the integrated circuits you design. This Chinese company is supported In this area by SMICwhich is the main producer of semiconductors in China, but its most advanced integration technologies are not up to TSMC avant -garde lithographs. And not having access to the most advanced lithographic nodes diminishes Huawei’s competitiveness. At the end of October 2024 the US Department of Commerce decided to investigate TSMC because he suspected that this gigantic Taiwanese company could have secretly reached agreements with Huawei to take care of the manufacture of its semiconductors for smartphones and applications of artificial intelligence (AI). At the current situation of tension between the US and China this accusation is very serious. Fortunately for TSMC everything was clarified a few months later. Another disturbing chapter in the relationship held TSMC and Huawei In December 2024 TSMC broke its commercial relationship With Powerair, a Singapore company that, apparently, was responsible for delivering the chip manufactured by TSMC that appeared on the card for the Ascend 910b. Interestingly, this was the second company presumably responsible for reaching Huawei integrated circuits produced by TSMC. In 2023 this last company stopped offering its manufacturing service to the Chinese Chips Design Company Sophgo to illegally mediate with Huawei. The CSIS accuses TSMC of having manufactured for Huawei no less than two million chips from AInd 910 Now is the CSIS (Center for Strategic and International Studies), an American organization that is dedicated to developing strategies that seek to guarantee the security of the US, which accuses TSMC in A freshly published report having made indirectly for Huawei for 2024 no less than Two million Ascend 910 chips. With these integrated circuits this Chinese company can produce a huge number of units of its ascend 910c solution, which is currently its hardware for the most advanced. The most interesting thing is that The CSIS holds that Huawei has once again resorted to “ghost” companies that act as intermediaries between her and TSMC. However, the author of the report does not exculpate the Taiwanese company: “TSMC manufactured large amounts of Ascend 910b of Huawei in the name of ghost companies and sent them to China, thus violating US export controls.” We will see how all this ends, but it does not paint well for a TSMC that has just embarked into an ambitious strategy of expansion of its production infrastructure within the country currently led by Donald Trump. Image | TSMC More information | Center for Strategic and International Studies In Xataka | TSMC does not contemplate the possibility of buying Intel factories. And their motives have a crushing logic

The benefits of Chips chips manufacturer have fallen 45% in 2024. US sanctions have injured

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In the middle of last January we tell you that during 2024 the semiconductor industry of China has produced 12.5% more than in 2023. Not bad at all, especially if we are in mind that US sanctions And his allies prevent Chinese integrated circuit manufacturers access lithography equipment for extreme ultraviolet (UVE) produced by the Dutch company ASML. And since the beginning of 2024 they cannot buy more machines from deep ultraviolet lithography (UVP). At the current situation it is reasonable that we ask ourselves what kind are the integrated circuits that Chinese manufacturers are massively producing. And the answer is very revealing: these are chips derived from mature integration technologiesusually 28 nm or less advanced. After all, the semiconductors that we find mostly on electronic devices, appliances or cars, among other products, have been produced using them. The sanctions hinder the production of avant -garde chips to SMIC A good part of Chinese chip manufacturers, such as Hua Hong Semiconductor, China Resources Microelectronics or Guangzhou Zensemi, is manufacturing integrated circuits of 28 Nm or with even more mature technologies. And the company Beijing Yandong Microelectronics (YDME) will build A plant of 4.6 billion dollars expressly to produce 28 Nm semiconductors in 300 mm wafers. It is evident that these companies would not turn in this way in the manufacture of mature chips if it was not a profitable strategy, and, above all, necessary to support the Chinese industry of the integrated circuits at such a critical moment as the current one. SMIC has the ability to manufacture integrated 7 nm circuits. And probably also 5 nm However, the business of SMIC (Semiconductor manufacturing international corp), which is the largest Chinese manufacturer of semiconductors with a fee in the world market of about 5%it goes for other paths. This company currently has the ability to manufacture Integrated 7 Nm circuits. And probably also 5 nm. We know it with total certainty because this company manufactures, for example, the soc Kirin 9000s integrated into the smartphone Mate 60 Pro of Huawei, which has been scrupulously analyzed by several laboratories aligned with the US, such as the Canadian Techinsights. Unlike most of Chinese integrated circuit manufacturers, SMIC does not live from mature chips. Your business revolves around the avant -garde semiconductors. To manufacture the 7 NM circuits that is delivering to Huawei and other customers using the UVP lithography equipment that has in its possession has been forced to resort to a technique known as Multiple patterning. And this strategy has two problems: it has an upward impact on the cost of chips and the decrease in production capacity. In addition, it is important that we do not overlook that the sanctions deployed by the US and the Netherlands prevent SMIC from buying more UVP teams from ASML. And it also does not have access to some maintenance and support services. These circumstances have caused their performance and competitiveness for 2024 They have deterioratedand as a consequence Its benefits have fallen 45%: Of the 902.5 million dollars that reached in 2023 to 492.7 million in 2024. There is no doubt that it is a hard blow for a company with the size that SMIC has, so it will be interesting to verify how it reacts for 2025 To improve your competitiveness. More information | SCMP In Xataka | China prepares for the worst scenario: fears that the US prevents TSMC to give it chips for cars and smartphones

Soviet technology to avoid the sanctions of the West

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Russia’s Minister of Industry and Commerce, Anton Alikhanov, has announced than the first TUPOLEV TU-214 Updated will be ready this year. If everything goes as planned, customers will continue to receive it in 2026. It is a medium -distance passenger plane whose origin dates back to the late 1980s and that, curiously, in this new stage it could be less advanced than in Its previous version. The production of TU-214 It has never been significant. RZJETS Figure The amount in around 85, many of which were removed from service. The latter made sense if we take into account that the Russian airlines had access to the Boeing and Airbus aircraft, but this scenario changed drastically with the invasion of Ukraine. International sanctions severely hit the air sector of the Eurasian country. The sanctions have hit the Russian airlines From that moment, the airlines are established in Russia not only have not been able to buy new Western aircraftbut have been seen in serious problems to guarantee the maintenance of the previously acquired units. Access to the spare parts and technical assistance of the manufacturers were quickly off the scene, which forced companies ―And the government – to take measures to guarantee transport. The airlines began to stop using the most modern aircraft of their fleets, which are those where to get spare parts by alternative roads is more difficult, and the authorities announced a plan to restart the production of some models of the Soviet era, including the Tu- 214, to reach 1,000 units in the 2030s. This goal, certainly, is accompanied by a variety of challenges aggravated by sanctions. How BBC collectssome experts believe that Russia could choose to relive versions older versions than the last produced of their aircraft, which depended less on foreign components, but at the same time were less advanced. Here an obsolete version of TU-214 would enter into the scene that had a low level of automation and forced to have a crew of three people to be able to fly it. In addition to the pilot and co -pilot roles, it would be necessary to have the figure of the flight engineer, which would be responsible for performing many tasks manually. Then, from a broader perspective, it will not only be necessary to launch the plant equipment and the supply chain of hundreds of suppliers, but also to modify the training received by pilots and flight engineers. The updated plane that we mentioned at the beginning of this article is not a unit produced decades ago. 72RU explains that it is a registered plane with the number 64509 that belonged to Transaero Airlines and that stopped flying in 2015. In recent years, United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) was transferred within the framework of the project to eliminate foreign components, an objective that seems to be advanced. Konstantín Timofeev, UAC general deputy director, said last year that Tu-214 with “Russian components” made its first flight in November. He also pointed out that this would be the platform on which they would continue to work on the modernization of the plane, as well as in the creation of a cabin for two members. On the latter, it is not clear if it will come true in the units that hope to deliver this year. The TU-214 is a narrow fuselage aircraft designed for medium distance flights and equipped with turbofán engines Пс-90A updateds. With the ability to transport Between 155 and 210 passengersit is considered the Russian equivalent of the Boeing 757. If the production manages to resume, the manufacture of units for export is not expected, but will be destined exclusively to Russian airlines. Images | Tupolev In Xataka | A report has revealed that US air traffic control technology is obsolete. There are pieces that are no longer achieved

Colombia reverses conflict with the US over deportations and Trump lifts sanctions

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The White House said this Sunday that Colombia backtracked and agreed to accept its deported citizens on military flights, after US President Donald Trump threatened to impose sanctions. The Trump administration will suspend planned tariffs and most sanctions, according to a White House statement. Minutes later, the chancellor of Colombia, Luis Gilberto Murillo confirmed that his country considers “the impasse with the United States has been overcome” and that he accepts the terms of Trump’s repatriation policy. “We will continue to receive Colombian men and women who return as deportees,” the diplomat said in a press conference. The White House said in a statement that Colombia, Latin America’s fourth largest economy, agreed to “accept without restrictions all illegal aliens from Colombia returning from the United States.”even on US military aircraft, without limitations or delays.” Petro upset Trump “Today’s events make clear to the world that the United States is respected again,” the statement added. He added that “President Trump will continue to fiercely protect the sovereignty” of the United States and that he hopes that all nations “will cooperate fully to accept the deportation of their citizens who are illegally” in the country. Colombian President Gustavo Petro, the first leftist in power in the South American country, had angered Trump by refusing to accept military planes with Colombians deported from the United States. Petro said his country would welcome the migrants back, but “with dignity,” even on civilian planes. Keep reading:• Trump imposes tariffs and other sanctions on Colombia after Petro’s refusal to receive deportees• Petro offers presidential plane for the return of migrants from the US and calls on Celac• Tom Homan on mass deportation: “ICE agents from all over the country will be on the streets from the beginning”

The FIA ​​prepares new sanctions for drivers in 2025 after cases like Verstappen’s

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The FIA, the highest regulatory body of motorsports, has decided to apply a drastic change in its disciplinary rules for the 2025 seasonwith the aim of avoiding “verbal excesses” and bad behavior among pilots. After a series of incidents that occurred during the last season, including some conflicts between the drivers and the FIA, such as the one carried out by Max Verstappenthe regulator has renewed its code of conduct and has prepared more severe sanctions for those drivers who violate the new guidelines, according to Auto Motor Sport. The main change that the FIA ​​will implement in 2025 is related to the language and attitudes of drivers both on and off the track. In accordance with Article 12 of the FIA ​​International Sports Code, starting this season, expressions that include vulgar, insulting or rude language, whether written or verbal, will be severely punished.. This includes not only the racist or sexist commentsbut also any other expression that is considered rude, offensive or degrading. The definition of what is considered “offensive” will be broader, allowing FIA stewards to judge each situation with greater flexibility. The regulations also extend these sanctions to gestures and signals, expanding the way in which pilots can be punished. Fines for drivers will be multiplied by four compared to other categories, meaning that a simple offense could cost up to 40,000 euros in the case of a first offense. Max Verstappen, at a press conference in Singapore Reuters This amount could increase up to 120,000 euros in case of recidivismFurthermore, if a pilot commits three infractions of this type, he will face a one month suspension from all competitionsas well as a deduction of points in the championship standings. These measures could have a significant impact on the drivers’ title aspirations, making these sanctions a key factor in the dynamics of the 2025 season. Furthermore, the FIA ​​has decided to no longer tolerate public criticism of its decisions. Drivers who make comments that are perceived as an attack on the FIA ​​or its members, in any format, may also be sanctioned. This includes criticism directed at the FIA ​​president, Mohammed Ben Sulayemor to any member of the organization. In fact, the article explicitly mentions that any statement that causes “moral damage” to the FIA ​​or affects the integrity of the sport will be penalized. Verstappen, in the spotlight The Formula 1 world champion, Max Verstappenwho has been known for his blunt and sometimes controversial comments, could be seen especially affected for these new sanctions. The Dutch pilot has already been fined and forced to carry out community work in 2024 after using inappropriate language in an interview, and his attitude towards the FIA ​​has at times been defiant. Many wonder if Verstappen and other drivers of the caliber of Lewis Hamilton either George Russell They will abide by these new rules without resistance. On the other hand, some drivers, such as the aforementioned George Russell, have already expressed their disagreement with the way the FIA ​​handles certain situations, and it would not be surprising to see an increase in tensions between drivers and the regulatory body during the 2025 season. . The new FIA sanctions will undoubtedly affect the dynamics of the 2025 season. Although the main objective is to maintain respect and discipline in the competitions, there is also the risk of creating an atmosphere of tension between the drivers and the organizers. Competitors’ freedom of expression could be compromised, and this could lead to controversy both on and off the slopes. In summary, the new measures adopted by the FIA ​​represent a major change in the way misconduct will be managed in Formula 1.

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