experts

In the Middle Ages the Child Jesus was represented as an “old baby.” The reason still fascinates experts

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It is not necessary to be a scholar, or have an eye trained in the study of medieval art. Soon you are familiar with the Christian iconography of the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries or have seen any of the Religious altarpieces That they painted themselves in Europe at that time, you are likely to ask yourself a question: why do they show the Child Jesus like this, ugly, aged, touched? And ugly, aged and touched are three adjectives that probably fall short for not a few of the medieval portraits that represent Jesus in their early years, in Mary’s arms. Where there should be a child in his most tender childhood we find a creature with wrinkles, incipient baldness and the expression of a philosopher submerged in brave reflections. The most curious thing is that they are not due to lack of expertise of artists. They are anything but childish because that is what was sought. Portraits of the child? Jesus. There are examples to bore. Paolo Veneziano, Duccio di Buoninasegna, Massaccio, Giotto… If something has in common their representations of the Virgin and the Child Jesus, beyond having painted them between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries and always represent the same religious characters, it is how they did. They were supposed to represent a young woman with her newborn son or only a few years, but what came out of her brushes was very different: “old children”, creatures not very healthy who seem sexagenarians about to sign retirement. Instead of angelic faces, they created incipient baldness heads, wrinkles and expressions that evoke anything except the idea of childhood. And to show a button. Or several. Arrives with a look at the child Jesus of ‘Crevole Madonna’ (1283-1284), by Duccio Di Buoninasegna who looks at you from the right side of the cover image. Or this other painted by Giotto At the beginning of the fourteenth century and observes you with an equally intense expression under these lines. Detail of ‘Maestà di Ognissanti’, by Giotto, the beginning of the fourteenth century. Lack of expertise? That is the first explanation that comes to mind: if they painted the Child Jesus of that guise, maybe it was because of the ability of those who handled the brushes. The reality is much more complex … and fascinating. “These ugly babies were very intentional,” Phil Edwards explains in Vox Magazine. They were more or less skilled, when drawing the face of Jesus the painters were guided by conventions, an assimilated and shared code and a cultural background that in this case affected both the idea of childhood and especially that of the Child Jesus himself. In fact, one of the keys that help us understand these pieces is that medieval artists did not seek to faithfully capture reality. If their babies are not realistic it is because they were not interested in realism. The message matters, not fidelity. “The strangeness we see in medieval art is due to the lack of interest in naturalism. They were more inclined to expressionist conventions,” Matthew Averett recountsProfessor at Creighton. Each painter handled their own brushes and paintings, true; But in a context that influenced his works. They were the creators, but they resorted to a language and clear conventions. “The idea of artistic freedom to represent these people as one would have been new,” he adds. “Art was not interested in naturalism, but rather in the theological expression,” emphasize in The conversation Angela McCarthy, from the University of Notre Dame Australia. And that does not notice only in the aspect with which the Child Jesus was portrayed. In Western art theology also influenced COMPOSITIONS: Jesus usually appears sitting with a mature or diaper posture. “The latter was an attempt to represent the biblical references to a child wrapped in diapers or the shroud placed on Jesus after his death,” Apostille McCarthy. Detail of a representation of the Child Jesus of the mid -14th century of Paolo Veneziano. Do not say a child, give better “homunculus”. If there is a word that helps to understand those disturbing “children-man” who rest in Maria’s lap and look at us from the medieval tables is that: homunculus, which means “Little Man”. The Child Jesus was after all a child, but not anyone. McCarthy recalls that his artistic representation with Mary began to expand after the Council of Ephesus, in 431, and not much later, in 451, another council was held in Chalcedon that would be key to the representations of the Child Jesus: “Part of the interpretation that the Church made of the Council was that Jesus was fully human and divine. Some theologians interpreted that this meant that this meant that this was fully formed. with knowledge of his divinity “, reveals The expert of the University of Notre Dame Australia: “This was difficult to represent in art and hence the name of the child.” “Perfectly formed”. What we observe in the Middle Ages altarpieces is therefore not a simple (more or less realistic) representation of a child with his mother. No. The message is more complex … and rich. It shows us an idea of the Jesus Child influenced by Christian theology and certain conventions. And in which that concept, the “homunculus.” “There is the idea that Jesus was perfectly formed and unchanged”, Remember Averett“And if you combine that with Byzantine painting, it became a standard form to represent Jesus. In some of these images it seems that he had baldness with an adult pattern.” Good example is the child who observes you from the left side of the composition that opens this report. The image is taken from ‘Madonna Della Pace’an icon that, as they remember from the Santi Giovanni E Paolo Basilica, was donated to the Dominicans by a senator who took him from Constantinople in the mid -fourteenth. “In the eastern orthodox tradition, from approximately the sixth century to the present, the child Jesus looks like a little man,” McCarthy abounds. Detail of ‘Virgen … Read more

What do financial experts think about holidays

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Vacations are one of the moments most expected of the yearbut they are often planned with a short -term vision, without taking into account The financial impact which will have in finance during the rest of the year. Financial Trainer José Luis Díaz He warned in Men’s Health About a common problem: many people enjoy their vacation on credit, assuming loans that then take months and even years to pay. This generates a financial burden that destabilizes the annual budget And you can turn today’s rest into a source of Anxiety from September. To avoid this situation, Díaz emphasizes the importance of integrating holidays into annual financial planning. “Planning a specific vacation budget is fundamental in good personal financial management,” said the expert. Vacations as a fixed expense He rest and disconnection They are necessary to maintain physical and mental well -being throughout the year, and vacations are The best opportunity To carry it out. Therefore, Díaz proposes to banish the idea of holidays like a luxury or a whim and start considering them as an annual fixed expense necessary For our well -beingat the level of the mortgage, the Light receipts or the food. The finance expert maintains that the big mistake is to consider the holidays as an occasional expense or an award that is paid after the trip. By turning it into a fixed expense, the cost can be distributed throughout the year, thus avoiding having to borrow and allow “enjoying without guilt because you already have the money away and destined for that end.” This change of mentality facilitates the anticipation of spending and It gives financial tranquility. According to Díaz, “my recommendation is that you dedicate between 5-10% of your annual income to vacation, depending on your priorities and financial situation.” In concrete terms, “if you win 30,000 euros a year, allocate 1,500-3,000 euros per year to vacation is reasonable.” The Financial experts of singular bank They also advocate this 10%savings percentage, and add an alternative proposal to calculate savings for vacations. After subtracting all fixed or variable expenses to the monthly salary, the amount available for savings is obtained. It is not recommended to allocate more than that 60% monthly savings capacity to vacations. In other words, if after discounting all the expenses of that month (mortgage, consumption invoices, food, etc.), you have 300 euros, you should allocate 180 euros that month for your vacation. The remaining 120 euros should be kept as savings or for unforeseen events. Dedicate a percentage of the annual salary The problem is clear: the lack of forecast when planning holidays makes Every year more people borrow To “enjoy” your rest. According to Data from the Bank of Spainin the first quarter of 2025 They have increased In 14% the application for consumer loans, which reveals the need of the Spaniards to resort to loans to finance vacations. In addition, this need for extra financing can make errors incurred such as financing vacation with credit cards, which can lead to incurring additional cost overruns since the interest rates used by these credit systems can reach up to 18%. So this type of indebtedness to finance a few weeks of rest is too expensive and harms future financial health. Consider holidays as a fixed expense allows Plan savings reserving a certain amount of money per month for that purpose, in the same way that you reserve it to pay the mortgage fee. In that sense, and so that savings do not imply one more element of financial stress, what the expert recommends is not to set a fixed amount per month, but a percentage of your income. Thus, if your monthly income is variable, Savings will also be to the same extent. With adequate planning, it will be your economy who will decide the realistic budget for vacations that you can affordpreventing the “I deserve it” to submit to your I From the future to unnecessary financial stress. The investor and financial advisor Javier Linares also coincides in that strategyalthough he does not venture to give a specific percentage since each personal situation is different. What it does recommend is to make a previous budget with all monthly income and expenses. In this way you can determine the percentage of savings that you can allocate every month to the holidays. “It is necessary to know your expenses and income, to be able to save money,” says Linares. Create automatic savings habits: “Pay yourself first” James Clear, author of the Best Seller ‘Atomic habits‘And one of the people who knows the most about creating habits, says that Trust in willpower It is the most direct path to failure. That is why Díaz proposes to eliminate internal negotiation with a proven method: automate savings. “As soon as you charge, which is automatically transferred 5-10% to a separate account of difficult access,” says the expert. In this way, the savings becomes a routine Automatic in the “page yourself first” so that this saving percentage ceases to be available in your “available” cash to spend. ALFRED GIRALTfinancial advisor, assures That this strategy puts savings as a priority and helps allocate part of the income to a project. “Although adopting ‘page yourself first’ can be challenging, the benefits in financial safety and stress reduction are clear and durable,” says Giralt. Opting for that strategy, it is reduced Financial stress. “Save must be like breathing financially, not something you do ‘when money is left over’, but Something you do to live quietly and have freedom of decision, “says Díaz. The key is to create savings systems that work without remembering or negotiating. Planning and saving are only two parts of the process: controlling expenses during vacations is also essential. Again, Díaz recommends not falling into the justification of “I deserve it” when you are already enjoying your vacation and stick to the initial budget to not compromise financial stability after the trip. Díaz recommends relying on technological tools that simplify budget control without turning it … Read more

is to eat more fiber and experts are nothing against

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For years, the fiber was that forgotten ingredient, relegated to the reverse of cereal boxes and the boring advice of “eats more fruits and vegetables.” No one could imagine that, with the passage of time and thanks to social networks, it would become something Aesthetic, even with its own hashtag: #Fibermaxxing. And best of all: nutritionists not only do not criticize it, but give it the approval with enthusiasm. A unique phenomenon. As is usually the case with viral trends, it all started with short, apparently innocent videos, but caught the attention of thousands (and then millions) of people. In a New York Times report They have explained That the driver of the movement was the creator of Pamela Corral content, known as @impamibaby. In one of his most popular videos, with more than 10 million visualizationsappears showing his favorite breakfast: a chia pudding full of red fruits and seeds. And although the video seems like a Chia ad, the scientific community does not deny it but supports it. Fibermaxxing. The term is not a doctor, but as the dietitian Kara Landau explains In statements to Healthlineit is a practice consisting of consciously and constantly adding more fiber in each meal or snack of the day. That is, it is not about stopping eating something, but about adding more foods rich in fiber to what we already eat. The objectives are several: improve digestion, feed the intestinal microbiota, balance hormones, control appetite and, incidentally, reduce risks of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol or even certain types of cancer, According to Women’s Health. There are no miracles here. This new viral trend pushes more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes and seeds. As Sara Riehm explains, dietitian from Orlando Health Center for Health Improvement, In Women’s Health: “It is a change of mentality that goes from abundance restriction.” Instead of eliminating food, it’s about adding good. Of course, like They have warned Several experts in Healthline, it is essential to increase the fiber little by little and drink enough water to avoid digestive problems such as swelling or gases. However, not everyone can launch at 38 grams daily without consequences: people with irritable intestine syndrome (SII), bacterial overgrowth (Sibo) or inflammatory intestinal diseases should consult a specialist before. One more fashion? Unlike other viral fashions, fibermaxxing has scientific support. As He has collected The Guardian, a study published in 2019 confirmed that a fiber -rich diet can reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases between 16% and 24%. In addition, adding only 7 grams a day (for example, half a boat of beans) can already make a difference. Even from clinical medicine, such as points Dr. Mir Ali in Women’s Health, it is recognized that the fiber “helps maintain a healthy intestinal flora, regulates metabolism and controls hormonal levels.” The attractiveness of fibermaxxing is that it is not part of the obsession with weight loss or aesthetics, but of digestive and metabolic well -being. Not every fiber is the same. Fiber is not a single nutrient, but a set. There are two key types: the soluble, which forms a kind of gel in the digestive system and contributes to the control of cholesterol and glucose (present in foods such as oats or banana), and insoluble, which adds volume to feces and favors a regular intestinal transit. The latter abounds in vegetables such as broccoli, nuts or whole wheat flours. As They have detailed In May Clinic, the important thing is not only the amount of grams, but the diversity of sources. The more variety of vegetables, fruits, legumes and cereals we consume, the better our intestinal microbiota will feed. An isolated fashion? Not quite. In recent months we have seen other nutritional microtende that are also born in social networks and end up awakening the interest of science. This is the case of strange cult of resistant starcha practice that consists of cooling foods such as rice or cooked potatoes to change its molecular structure and reduce its glycemic impact. It has also sneaked into the supermarket shelves The so -called clear protein: drinks that look like flavored water, drink like a soda and provide proteins like a shake. Light, instagrammeable and functional, is the new object of desire for those who seek more than a simple snack between meals. A commitment to digestive health. In short, all trends share something in common: it is no longer just about thinning, but about optimizing health from a functional, shared and, why not, visually appealing. Networks not only dictate what we eat: they are redefining the concept of well -being. Image | Unspash Xataka | “Men have a hard time asking for help because they feel that makes them weak.”

There are experts who believe we are showering badly after exercising

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As if it were all part of the same rite, the shower forms almost an indivisible part of our sports routineswe are already exercising for health, for work or for hobby. Practice can approach perfectly in our training but there are those who believe the same does not happen with showers. In other words: there are experts who believe we are showering badly. The shower after sport is more than a matter of hygiene. A study published in 2019for example, found that the shower after exercise can help us recover thermal comfort, something if it is more important now that we are in summer and this may require more time. Another study carried out a few years ago in the United Kingdom found a curious correlation between the habit of showering after exercise and the physical activity levels of British schoolchildren. So what could we be doing wrong? The key to this supposed error in time. Generally, after exercising we will go almost direct to the showerafter a few minutes we will have dedicated to stretching and “cooling” after exercise. Routines after exercise are important and not only include stretching but also require our body to recover normality in terms of pulse or body temperature. Give time to this process may require postponing the shower At least for a few minutes. In this sense, experts of HealthlineFor example, They stand out The importance of dedicating between five and ten minutes of our physical activity to a relaxed exercise that allows us to reduce our pulsations at the same time that our body is gradually cooling. Once our pulse has been relaxed, it will be time to stretch, another important part of our exercise routine that allows us Avoid injuries And, at the same time, it also requires some dedication time. Once the stretching is finished we can move to the shower, but that takes us to another old dilemma, the temperature. Cold, hot shower Part of the debate about whether it is better to wait a little before taking a shower has to do with thermal contrast when we exercise our body is heated, how our muscles react to thermal contrast. The solution to the problem might seem evident (shower with hot water), but as usual, reality is a bit more complex: we know for several studies that cold water showers after exercise can also have benefits for our health. An example is The study Posted in 2019 in Journal of strength and conditioning research. The analysis responsible for the analysis indicated that cold water showers could promote the feeling of Thermal comfort When doing precisely our pulsations accelerate a time of exercise. In certain warm contexts, this could reduce heart stress after exercise. The recovery period after exercise is fundamental and perhaps we are not paying as much attention as we should. Several scientific teams have tried to find out which are the best routines and habits, not only at the time immediately after exercise but also during the extensive period between one training and another. Recovering our temperature, our pulsations and our resting muscle activity is important, but it is also to hydrate to recover lost water and sleep properly. The “recovery science”It is an incipient subdiscipline that has evolved substantially in recent years but must still accumulate a better understanding of its object of study, indicated the expert in biomedicine and physiology Jonathan M. Peake In an article In the magazine Current Opinion in Physiology. In Xataka | Crossfit is the past, Hyrox is the present: the new obsession in gyms is also a clue about the future of the exercise Image | Kenny

What experts explain about their maintenance

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The heat arrives, the nights become sticky and, Like every summerit’s time to wake up the old air conditioning. But this year something is not going well. When lighting it, the first breath of air does not bring relief: it smells weird, as a moisture enclosed, as forgotten. Is it just unpleasant or is there anything else? A problem that floats in the air. Some experts They have coincided In The Guardian that if the air conditioning smells weird, something is wrong. It is not a matter of comfort: there may be health consequences. “These smells are usually a sign that there is accumulation of mold or dirt in the filters or in the equipment of the equipment,” He explained For the British media Amy Li, a professor at the University of Waterloo and a researcher of interior air quality. According to Li, the air that comes out of a dirty team is not only cleaner than the one that enters: it can be loaded with mold spores. The origin of the problem. Every time the air passes through the cold serpentine (the evaporator coil), the steam is condensed. If that water does not drain well, it is stagnant and becomes a perfect broth for bacteria and fungi. And yes, from there those smells come, like They have detailed From Bosch. Can it be avoided? It would be as manual, basic and regular maintenance. Robert Polchinski, a professor at the City Tech College in New York, explained in The Guardian that he must be washed at least once per season. If the air is very loaded – for example, in urban or pet areas – it may be necessary to clean it more often. You also have to review the coils (interior and exterior), make sure that the device drains correctly and is well level. At the end of summer, you have to keep it well, without leaning or forcing it. In addition, if you are going to use the air after months, ventilate the house with the windows open for at least half an hour while it is running, According to a series of measuring tips. More innovative solutions. In addition to maintenance, innovation is also pushing more efficient solutions. Researchers They are developing New materials capable of better absorbing moisture and improving energy efficiency, which could lead to devices that cool more and spend less. Can everyone stink? According to an expert climate videomany users neglect the outer unit of The systems Splitwhere dust and humidity can also accumulate. Even pipes can absorb odors from inside the house and return them to the environment. A little known but effective solution is to install a siphon in the drain system, which avoids the return of odors. And, of course, maintain a cleaning routine every three or four months. In the case of portable or window equipmentmaintenance is more direct, but also more urgent: they are usually more exposed to dust, and many users store them badly in winter, damaging the compressor or leaving them in positions where the water is not drained correctly. The importance of counting the years. Air conditioning equipment has an estimated useful life of between 8 and 10 years. But if you notice that the light of the light rises without explanation, that the coils freeze or that the smell does not go with a thorough cleaning, the time has come to change it. It is not just a matter of efficiency: the oldest equipment consume more energy, pollute more and cool worse. A less toxic summer. The air conditioning can be a lifeguard in times of extreme heat, but it can also become a risk if neglected. Regular maintenance not only prevents bad odors: it improves energy efficiency, prolongs the life of the equipment and protects health. Image | Pexels Xataka | The best portable air conditioning for small houses. Which buy? Tips and recommendations

Our reservoirs have a serious structural problem. And experts have been warning us for years

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Drought has been one of the recurring themes of recent years. Both the lack of rains and their diverse consequences have more than a five years in the informative agenda. That is why the question of how much water we have left has asked Very diverse ways. There is only one problem: we are not really able to answer it. Moreover, what we know that our water reserves They are usually below what the data indicates. The reason is in something as natural as erosion and sedimentation processes, but its consequences They have been worrying the experts for years. Throughout their channel the rivers transport small particles of rock and organic matter that tend to accumulate at certain points of the route, either on the river bed, in river deltas or in its meanders. The reservoirs are another of the auspicious places in which the water tends to “release” these particles. The swamp floor Thus tends to accumulate sludge. The first problem that this generates is the loss of swamp capacity. The higher the volume of this occupied by sediments less is the amount of water it can store. The second problem is that we do not know exactly how the sediments accumulate in each swamp since it can vary depending on the characteristics of each basin and each reservoir. If we don’t know how many sediments we have, we can’t be sure how much water we have left. The weight of the terrams Estimates on the weight of the terrain, which is how this accumulation of sediments is known in the reservoirs, vary. A Batimetry Study made in 2018 For the Tajo Hydrographic Confederation in the Entrepeñas and Buendía reservoirs, he estimated that the accumulation of these sediments was insignificant. At the opposite end, Another batimetry studyis made by the Segura Hydrographic Confederation, estimated that its reservoirs could have lost between 10 and 40% of its capacity due to the incidence of this phenomenon. They highlighted the case of the Lorca reservoir, built at the end of the 19th century, which would be at the upper end of this fork. Estimates made for the whole Spanish reservoirs are limited. A study conducted from 110 reservoirs estimated that The loss of capacity could be around 5%. José Luis Casamor and Antoni Calafat, from the University of Barcelona, They warned in 2018 that uncertainty was high in this estimate, since the possibility of extrapolating the results of this study to more than a thousand remaining reservoirs was limited. This is a problem on which experts carry years warning. The study carried out in the Segura Basin, for example, was carried out in 2017, while Casamor and Calafat’s work was published in 2018 in the publication Earth and technology of the ICOG (Illustrious Official College of Geologists). In a second article (also published in 2018) in The conversationCasamor explained that that of terraces was a problem with “faces and difficult execution” solutions “. Cleaning the sediment reservoir bed is an arduous task that requires the emptying of the reservoir, something that can be even more complicated in old reservoirs, explains Casamor. Prevention is a better option for this expert. This is to incorporate knowledge about the accumulation of sediments in the infrastructure design process. Another inclusion of dikes prior to the reservoir may contain the sediments up so that they do not accumulate in the reservoir. Other proposed measures to contain the sediments upstream include reforestation. The plants contain the erosion of the soil, which makes less particles reach the rivers and from there to the reservoirs. In this sense, rural abandonment has also been indicated as partial responsible for the situation. The fires also contribute to the arrival of sediments to the channels, so the fight to contain them can also contribute their grain of sand. In Xataka | The time of truth of the Spanish reservoirs: how are they going to endure the heat after rains that has left them overflowing Image | Ray Raimundo

What if we are doing the bad intermittent fasting? Some experts propose to focus only on carbohydrates

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Losing weight is not as simple as subjecting our body to a caloric deficit. Diets based on ingesting less calories than our body consumes work well in some contexts, but their medium and long term effects are limited by our metabolism and by our own constancy. That is why the intermittent fasting It has become one of the most popular diets for those who want to lose weight. Question of alternatives. Now, a group of researchers He has found A way to make these more affordable diets. The idea is based on making this diet less restrictive, limiting only carbohydrate intake in the days of temporarily limiting our caloric intake. Intermittent caloric restriction. Diets based on intermittent caloric restriction, which we often refer to as intermittent fasting Although they do not always imply fasting, they are based on limiting our food intake over time. There are different strategies to perform this fast, such as fasting 5: 2, in which we severely restrict the calories we eat for two days and eat normally the rest of the week. To understand the usefulness of This type of diets We have to remember how our metabolism, in an eagerness to protect ourselves from scarcity, can limit the success that conventional caloric restriction when weight loss. And our body reacts when we give less food, limiting our energy consumption to save resources, which ends up implying that when we ingest less calories, in the medium term our body also ends up consuming less energy. Cardiometabolic health. According to Adam Collins, co -author of the new study and researcher at the University of Surrey, In an article for The conversationintermittent fasting has an added advantage. It is about improving our “metabolic flexibility” since it allows us to balance the energy sources that our body, carbohydrates and fat reserves. This in turn implies a lower risk of problems such as cardiovascular diseases or type 2 diabetes. The new study signed by Collins and his team sought to inquire about the reasons why this improvement in our metabolism is given when we follow this diet. Since these types of diets focus on the idea that our body goes from using carbohydrates as a source of energy to consume fats, the team decided to study the implications of a limited carbohydrate restriction over time. 12 participants. The 12 participants In the study, overweight or obesity adults, they passed for two days of separate food restriction for five days of “rest.” One of the restriction days, the participants consumed a low diet in hydrates, while the other day they consumed a diet based on the chlorical reduction (consuming 75% less calories with respect to what would be common). The days following the restriction day the participants consumed a high ration in fats and sugars. What the team observed is that both diet forms showed similar results in each type of diet. The details of the study have been Published in an article In the magazine European Journal of Nutrition. Looking for answers. As explained by the team responsible for the analysis, new studies will be necessary to better understand this relationship and to strengthen this notion with a broader population. The team emphasizes that each of the diets (carbohydrate restriction and temporary restriction) entail Your own problemsbut perhaps combining them allows us to make these more bearable diets and with it more affordable and with a lower risk. In Xataka | The MIT investigated whether the intermittent fasting diet is really healthy. There is good news and another very worrying Image | Rosy Ko

If the question is which car will not leave you lying on the road, the German experts are clear: the electric

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More and more drivers They bet on electric cars And, with it, the Reports about your reliability They become more precise and complete because they provide more real data on the wear of their pieces over time. He last analysis of the ADAC, The main automobile club in Germany has thrown surprising data on the frequency of roads on the road, comparing electric and combustion vehicles. We have a clear winner. Thrown on the road. He ADAC studymade from millions of road assists, reveals that electric cars have a lower breakdown rate than their fuel or diesel combustion counterparts. This data is essential for those looking for a reliable car and with less possibilities of stay on the road. The analysis is based on 3.6 million road assistance operations, of which only 43,678 went to electric cars, which represents only 1.2 % of the total. Although the percentage of electric cars in circulation is much lower than that of combustion cars, the fault ratio remains well below compared to the thermal models of the same antiquity. The data leave no doubt. Adac data has only taken into account cars of which, at least, 7,000 units have been enrolled in Germany in the last two years, which leaves a sample of 160 models of 20 brands other than two and nine years old. If vehicle data is compared four years old, the Road Assistance Service It served 8.5 electric cars damaged by every 1,000 existing cars, compared to 12.9 combustion cars per 1,000. For cars between two and four, the difference is even greater: a ratio of 3.8 breakdowns per 1,000 electric versus 9.4 per 1,000 combustion cars. These numbers show that the electric ones fell half that the thermal models. A simpler mechanic, less breakdowns. The main reason for this difference lies in the Mechanical simplicity of electric cars. Having less mobile components and mechanical systems, there is less likely to suffer a breakdown that requires road assistance. For example, electricity do not have traditional gearbox or complex exhaust and cooling systems, which significantly reduces critical fault points. However, the most common breakdown in both types of vehicle remains the 12V auxiliary battery that tends to be downloaded more easily due to use in starting systems and the greatest demand for electronic systems. In the electric, 50% of the faults are related to this component, while in combustion the 45% of the assists. Tesla leaders, Hyundai to the tail. The ADAC report also analyzes reliability by brands and models. The data show that Tesla is the brand with less incidents registered. Thus, the Tesla Model and has a ratio of only 0.9 breakdowns per 1,000 units and Model 3 drops to 0.5 faults per 1,000. Other highlighted models in this section are the Volkswagen ID.4 with a ratio of 1.0 and the Audi Q4 e-tron with 0.7 failures per 1,000 vehicles. On the opposite side, as a vehicle with more registered assists, there is the Hyundai Ioniq 5, which in two -year -old cars has registered 22.4 breakdowns per 1,000 vehicles. Discordant notes. Toyota, considered one of The most reliable brands In different reliability rankings, it obtains a alarmingly high assistance ratio in its Yaris and Yaris Cross models. According to the study authors themselves, Toyota has already taken letters in the matter indicating that it is an incidence in the 12V battery configuration that discharged them, but that was solved in the new units produced in 2024. The data obtained by ADAC contrast with the Obtained in the Itv German (Tüv), where the Tesla Model 3 was the electric with the most failures detected, especially in headlights, brakes and suspensions, being below brands such as Dacia in general reliability according to this organism. The electric approve with note. The electric car market is relatively recent, so Adac clarifies that its conclusions are based on data data with an age of between 2020 and 2023, many of them being the first versions of their models. That leaves a current photograph but still limited in time. As increase the electric car park and These vehicles agethe records will be increasingly precise and complete, allowing to detect problems of long -term reliability. However, these results already allow an idea of ​​the reliability offered by the electric car and the evolution it will have in the coming years. In Xataka | Elon Musk dismissed the security experts of autonomous vehicles: they were the same ones that should regulate Tesla cars In Xataka | The most exclusive BMW of his time did not create BMW: Volkswagen created it to devise an ultra -polishing “secret motor” Image | Xataka

Experts begin to think that the problem is not mobile phones, but the algorithm

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He wrote Hermes Trismegisto in his Kybalioneverything in creation has its rhythm and that rhythm, if we follow it, always takes us back to the beginning. It takes us to the world as will and representation, in the way Zaratrusta spoke, to the recurrence theorem of Poincaré … and, of course, to the discussion of whether the technology is leaving us fried by the brain. Or, rather, what, how and why it is affecting our cognitive ability. Because the fact that something is changing nobody discusses it. And how to discuss it? Of course something It is changing. And not only functionally, the changes are structural and all levels. The simple presence of screens It has substantially modified our somatosensory cortex; That is, they have changed the way we touch the world. There is nothing. But the situation goes further: how Manuel Sebastián explained years agoresearcher at the Cerebral Cartography Unit of the Complutense University, “we know that the text that includes links (hypertext) seems to remember worse in general, which is totally logical because they constitute distractors and the role of attention is critical in memory.” We knew that, but we didn’t know what it meant. “The fact that information is processed differently is not necessarily bad,” Sebastián told us. In the background, our brain Life is reorganizing And historically, that has been a good news. The question is, therefore, if it will continue to be in the future. And there are many experts who believe no. Data are not lacking. As John Burn-Murnoch explained in the Financial Timesalthough in recent years we have lent a lot of interest in the impact of pandemic on the cognitive and emotional development of young people, there are more and more experts who think we are not seeing it in perspective. Both the scores of most standardized tests of the world (as the PISA report) and Some specialized surveysThey point out that the problem began to appear in the mid -2010. And that problem It has many faces: From the difficulty to concentrate on the problems to learn new things. It is a bit complicated. Because, the truth is that, if we look at things like the time of use of screens and cognitive or emotional problems, we discover that There is nothing problematic. The traditional explanation has been that the important thing is not that we use new technologies, the important thing is what we do with them. And that’s where the algorithm enters. Because, As Burn-Murdoch saysthere is a change perhaps more fundamental than mobiles and networks: “the change in our relationship with information.” We have gone from web pages limited to infinite and constantly updated feeds, with a constant notifications bombardment. We no longer spend so long navigating the web or interacting with acquaintances, but we find a content torrent. This represents a transition from self -directed behavior to passive consumption and the constant alternation of context. And that’s where the problems may be. Unfortunately, There is still little research on this And, to the extent that everyone has launched this type of technologies and algorithms, we find a very difficult area to investigate. The good news is that, little by little, we are clearing the issue. The bad is that there is still much to know, even, the impact of all this. And, despite everything, as we usually check Every time an extensive study is published On our relationship with technology, there are no great alarm signs. Anyway, it seems that the plasticity of the human brain Find the way of “returning home”to overcome possible obstacles and catch up. Hopefully let’s know how we can eliminate those obstacles. Image | Luis Villasmil | Ben White In Xataka | Alone and connected, the paradox of loneliness at the time of the thousand “friends” in networks

China’s robots represent an existential threat to the US, according to semi -health experts

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“This is a call to action for the US and West. We are on the threshold of a non -linear transformation of The industrial societybut the basis on which US is intense is unstable. Automation and robotics They are going through a revolution which will allow the total automation of all strategic and manufacturing industries. These Smart robotic systems They will be the first industrial piece that will not be complementary, but completely additive: work 24/7 with a performance higher than any human being (…) “. “Currently the only country positioned to capture this level of automation is China, and, if it achieves it without the US to follow the same path, the expansion of production will be exclusive to China, which will represent an existential threat to the US when it is overcome in all its abilities.” This text is signed by Dylan Patel, Reyk Knuhttsen, Niko Ciminelli, Jeremie Eliahou Ontiveros, Joe Ryu and Robert Ghilduta, six experts from SEMIANALYSIS. This American consultant specializes in the analysis of the semiconductor industries and the artificial intelligence (AI), and their studies are usually reasonably accurate. China’s technological and scientific development rhythm is overwhelming The lines of the semi -toalysis report that I just mentioned contain a lot of interesting information, but without a doubt the most forceful reflection of how many they put on the table is none other than the great capacity that China has in the technological, scientific, and, of course, economic. It is evident that they all go hand in hand, but this attention call will hardly take off the US administrations and Western countries. We can be sure that their slow reflexes is not caused by ignorance. China has the necessary capacity and resources to dispute its world leadership position to the US The US government led by Joe Biden openly recognized the document that collects its National Security Strategy October 2022 that China has the necessary capacity and resources To dispute the US Its world leadership position. The social, economic, military and technological development that the country led by Xi Jinping has experienced during the last two decades supports this conclusion. The following literal extract of this document reflects very clearly why the US government considers China a threat: “The Popular Republic of China (RPC) is the only competitor that has both the intention of remodeling international order and, increasingly, the economic, diplomatic, military and technological capacity to do so. Beijing has the ambition to create a wide sphere of influence in the regions of the Indian and the Pacific, as well as to become the leading world power.” These lines perfectly condense the background history that has triggered The international situation in which we are. Anyway, as we have just seen, semi -health experts emphasize the development of robotics and automation technologies in China. In their text they do not speak of the possibility that the country of Xi Jinping use Robots for military applications; What they maintain is that this technology represents an existential threat to the US Due to its ability to radically transform the industrial model of which not only the country currently led by Donald Trump, but also Japan, South Korea, Taiwan or a good part of European countries, among other nations. At the current situation, staying behind in strategic field like this is not an option. Image | Generated by Xataka with Dall-e More information | SEMIANALYSIS In Xataka | Chinese scientists claim to have created something groundbreaking: the fastest and most efficient transistor that exists

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