discovered

We have discovered a relationship between olive oil and risk of death by dementia, a point in favor of the Mediterranean diet

by

Someone could think that everything is already said, all investigated, on one of the fundamental axes of the Mediterranean diet, olive oil. Nothing is further from reality: research on this food continues and continues to reveal striking aspects of the liquid. And as regards striking relationships, perhaps the palm is taken by the fact that they keep the consumption of this derivative of the olive and dementia. 28%. A study published a few months ago established existence of this relationship. Specifically, the analysis responsible for the analysis observed a 28% reduction in the risk of death associated with dementia between people who consumed at least Seven grams of olive oil per day, compared to those who did not consume this liquid or did it rarely. Until now, some studies They had indicated us an inverse relationship between the Mediterranean diet and the cognitive deterioration associated with age. From there, establishing relationships between different aspects of these variables can help us better understand the link between Mediterranean diet and healthier aging. Changing ingredients. In its analysis, the team also studied the effects of replacing different sources of fat. Through a substitution modeling, they estimated that replacing five grams of margarine or mayonnaise daily with an equivalent amount of olive oil could be related to a decrease in the risk of mortality associated with the dementia of between 8% and 14%. A similar analysis did not detect similar effects when these fats were replaced by other vegetable oils or butter. 92,383 participants. The study was conducted from the macro -conformation Nurses’ Health Study II and Health Professionals Follow-Upwhich allowed to obtain Information about 92,383 participants. These filled surveys on eating habits every four years over a 28 -year period. The team divided these participants depending on their olive oil consumption: those who never consumed olive oil or did it less than once a month; who consumed up to 1.5 grams per day, who consumed between 4.6 and 7 grams per day; and a group for those who consumed more. The team extended its analysis over 18 years of the study and controlled aspects such as the general quality of the diet or the genetic predisposition to suffer from the disease. The details of the study were published In an article In the magazine Jama Network Open. What is happening? When establishing a causal relationship, it is always convenient to understand what mechanisms are operating behind this relationship between olive oil consumption and death risk associated with dementia. “Olive oil is rich in monounsaturated fats and contains components with antioxidant activity that can play a protective role for the brain,” He explained to the environment UPI Anne-Julie Tessier, co-author of the study. In Xataka | Extra virgin olive oil is one of the purest products in the world. And it is also full of microplastics Image | Pixabay

In 1963 we discovered a pre -Columbian city hidden in the jungle of Peru. It turns out that we only knew the tip of the iceberg

by

Between the VII and XVI centuries the northeastern Andes of what is today Peru saw a rich civilization that planted the Incas: The Chachapoyasthe “cloud forest people.” There, between 2,000 and 3,000 meters above sea level, its people raised funeral and ceremonial constructions that over the centuries ended up devoured by weeds. One of his greatest legacies is Great Pajaténin the San Martín region. Archaeologists have known him for decades, but when studying it with new techniques, such as Lidar scanthey have been surprised. They knew only a small part of the complex. What they have found is so interesting that the World Monuments Fund (WMF) He already speaks of the greatest archaeological milestone in the region since the 80s. What happened? That Peru has just given a pleasant surprise to historians. Especially those dedicated to the study of pre -Hispanic civilizations. A few days ago the WMF) revealed that a group of researchers have identified and documented more than a hundred archaeological structures in the Great Pajaténone of the most important archaeological deposits of ABISEO RIVER NATIONAL PARKin the Peruvian Amazon. In fact It is also known as “the lost city of the Chachapoya” or “El Dorado del Antisuyo”. Why is it important? For several reasons. The study not only provides information that helps understand the settlement. It also helps us to know better the civilization to which it represents: The Chachapoya (“People of the cloud forest”), a pre -Columbian culture that flourished between The VII and XVI centuries and shone among other issues for its constructions, such as the impressive Kuelap fortressa citadel located at 3,000 meters above sea level in what is now the Luya province; or the Great Pajaténwith its circular stone buildings, decorated terraces, winding paths and platforms. And who were the Chachapoya? An outstanding part of the history of ancient Peru. As Remember the WMFthe civilization flourished between the VII and XVI in the northeastern Andes of what is now Peru, organizing around regional manors. Despite the steep terrain they managed to adapt and demonstrate their ability as architects: they built settlements with characteristic circular, friez and mausoleum constructions. Not just that. They also managed to resist the thrust of the Inca, although they ended up subjected in the fifteenth century. What have they discovered exactly? The Great Pajatén is known For decadesis in an environment cataloged by UNESCO And archaeologists had already been in charge of examining it before. In fact, in the 60s they documented 18 structures and time later, in the 80s, they expanded the list to the 26 elements. Now the experts They have discovered that was just the tip of the iceberg. With the help of new techniques and resources, the expedition led by the WMF has identified more than 100 archaeological structures that give a new dimension to the settlement. So relevant is the finding that the organism speaks of the “first important discovery in the region since the 1980s.” “More than duplicate the number of known archaeological structures”, celebrate. What tells us all about the great Pajatén? A lot. The site It was discovered In 1963 And since then archaeologists consider it “one of the most notable Chachapoya sites that are preserved”, with ceremonial buildings decorated with friezes and stone mosaics that represent human figures. The problem is that experts failed to make an overall image of the Chachapoya complex or its reach. The reason? Much of its architecture was still hidden, covered by the lush vegetation of the Peruvian high jungle. That handicap and the lack of perspective had so far conditioned the image that experts had of the deposit. “Its scale, function and chronology were subject to continuous speculation”, They point out from WMFwhich recalls the “unique and highly fragile ecosystem” that surrounds the settlement, in the Abyseo River Park. To shield it the authorities even restrict tourists’ access. And what conclusions have they taken? At the entrance, researchers have confirmed that the Chachapoya presence in large pajatén can be traced to the fourteenth century. And that at least. There are certain clues that suggest “a significantly earlier occupation.” During their expedition they also detected a nearby network of pre -Hispanic paths that connect the whole with the beach, papayas or slopes, which For the WMF It supports “a broader interpretation of the complex as part of a hierarchical and interconnected territory.” “The team documented an architectural set composed of multiple interconnected sectors. This allows us to understand the great Pajatén in its true magnitude, not as an isolated set, but as part of an articulated network of pre -Hispanic settlements of different periods,” Comment Juan Pablo de la Puente, WMF manager. “This finding radically changes the dimension of the site and raises new questions about the role of Pajatén in the Chachapoya world.” How have you discovered it? If great Pajatén has been known for more than half a century and until now the dense vegetation had prevented archaeologists from deepening their study, the following question is obvious: what has changed? Why have you discovered new constructions now? The answer is simple: experts have resorted to new tools that have allowed them to see through that green mantle without altering the environment or damaging structures. The key is in the Lidar scan aerial and manual, photogrammetry, topographic record and technomorphological analysis. Thanks to them, experts have been able to get up The dense mantle of vegetation to take a look at what is underneath, map everything, study the architectural techniques used in the settlement and how it adapts to its surroundings. “Everything without damaging the delicate landscape or its architectural vestiges”, insist From the International Federation. Have you done anything else? “Thanks to the use of advanced technology, our team was able to collect extraordinary visual and scientific documentation that gives life to the great Pajatén, preserving its delicate environment,” celebrateBénédicte de Montlaur, WMF president. “Although the site remains inaccessible to most people, these tools will allow us to share their meaning.” The … Read more

Hello, I am Jose and I have discovered in 2025 that I can connect five pots at the same time and to the same mobile to put music to the beast

by

Surely this situation is familiar to you: your friends and you organize a party in the house of someone and someone asks not to take the speaker to wear music. And there that is not-so-like with his Bluetooth speakerputs the music and … you only hear in one area. If people are distributed in several areas, there is no music that is worth. I wish there was a technology to connect several speakers to the same wireless emission, it could be thought. Well there is, It is called atacast and I have discovered it in the middle of 2025 when trying the new LG speakers. The problem. Bluetooth is very good when we talk about broadcasting something from the device to device B. For example, music from your mobile to a speaker. So far, all good. The problem comes when we want to broadcast two or more devices and that they reproduce the same. That is almost impossible missionor rather, it was. The solution was announced in 2022when Bluetooth SIG (responsible for the Bluetooth standard) announced that the Bluetooth LE Audio specifications were complete. And with this version there was a novelty called to change the way we understand the wireless sound: aircase. Image: Xataka The solution. Atacast is a standard that allows audio transfer to several devices at the same time. This is based on Bluetooth audio and uses the LC3 codec (Low complexity community codec), and so far the technical words. So far, the Bluetooth connection depended on matching an audio source (the mobile) to a recipient (the speaker). With aircraft, the issuing equipment creates a kind of dissemination signal to which other compatible devices can be connected. The easiest way to see it is to imagine A kind of mesh wifi networkbut Bluetooth. And what is it for? The cases of use of this technology are very wide. We can think of attendance via audio in public transport or museums, emissions One-to-Many In live events or that your partner and you can see the same movie with headphones at home, to say some. Another option is that instead of depending alone and exclusively on the speaker of Non-Sé-Qui also in the next one left with your friends, you can connect several speakers with each other and put music everywhere. And that is precisely what we have tried to do with the new LG Xboom speakers and a couple of devices of a rival brand: JBL. But first, the presentations. LG Xboom The Stage 301 Beast | Image: Xataka The beast. AKA LG Xboom Stage 301, is the flagship of the range and the most expensive (300 euros). It is a large, relatively portable speaker (its eight kilos require some strength), with a power of 150W, integrated light and battery effects. It is heard really well and has the ability to fill a medium -sized garden with music without any problem. It can be used plugged in, but also for around half a day with the integrated battery. In addition, you can connect a microphone to the rear to mount a karaoke. It is a speaker whose sound quality will surprise the one who has the least trained ear. However, it should be noted that it is not a speaker designed to reproduce high fidelity. It is a party speaker ready to listen and give the note outdoors, where it meets its mission. Now, if we talk about sound, one more force of force in the bass and a spark more of sharpness in the acute would have been round. Anyway, what is said, this is very fine and more knowing the most likely use that this speaker will be given. LG XBOOM BOUNCE | Image: Xataka The median. His name is LG Xboom Bunce. Despite being cheaper than the previous one, I must say that it is the one I liked the most. Not only is it more portable, but its sound price/performance ratio seems better to me. Graves are very successful (acute could improve) and offers a very complete experience. The battery holds almost a day. It is not a cheap speaker (200 euros) and is not intended for high fidelity, but compensates with a pleasant sound, resistance to all types of hardships (water, dust, blows) and a very cool design. LG Xboom Grab | Image: Xataka The little one. The most basic model is the Xboom Grab LG, although it is not a cheap speaker (150 euros). The sound is surprisingly clear and the bass have enough stuck, something that surprises in such a format. In middle volumes, the speaker behaves. It is when we upload the volume more of the account when it starts to falter. The battery endures practically all day and water resistance is guaranteed. It is not the one that offers the best sound, but the most portable. However, I continue to stay with the previous one. That button is the key to LG Xboom Speakers | Image: Xataka How to mount the duffel bag with all three. The three speakers have one thing in common: a button to start the Party Link broadcast. The operation is very simple: we connect our mobile by Bluetooth to a speaker, reproduce something, press the party link button on that speaker and then click on which we want to connect. Ready, automatically the second speaker will reproduce the same as the first, and so many times as connecting speakers. That is: connecting the mobile to a single speaker we can create a huge LG speakers network because Party Link admits up to ten speakers. With the three LG speakers we have not appreciated a higher latency of the account. In fact, quite the opposite. Synchronization is really precise and we have not noticed that a speaker goes one more thorn ahead than the other. All these speakers and headphones are understood with each other | Image: Xataka The key: connect other devices. Party Link is a technology that owns LG, but the key … Read more

Inditex has discovered that its giant stores are less and less profitable. The problem is that you can’t close them

by

Barclays has put his finger on the sore of the Inditex business model. His analysts question whether the megatiendas of the textile giant can continue to generate the productivity improvements that have promoted their growth during the last decade, according to Five days. The origin of the doubts is in its weak growth of the start of the fiscal year, which has slowed that until now it was a strong and almost uninterrupted growth. What has happened. Between 2019 and 2024, Inditex has increased its sales by 37% despite reducing the number of stores by 29%. The average size of its establishments grew 23% to 836 square meters, but sales growth is deflated: 11% in March 2024 to 4% in March this year. Why is it important. The figures show an uncomfortable paradox: While online sales grow with higher margins and minor costs … … physical megatiendas devour resources and generate decreasing profitability. However, closing those megatiendas, in emblematic or high visibility locations, with very high costs that eat a good part of the margin, could be counterproductive. The context. The Inditex megatiendas They are not just stores: they are Showrooms strategic Its real function goes beyond maximizing sales per square meter, they also serve to legitimize online prices. A jacket of 80 euros on the Zara website seems reasonable because the customer can touch it, try it and validate its quality in a store, especially in a 1,000 square meters in the center of Madrid or Barcelona. And because of the fact that this brand is there, conquering that space. In detail. The model works like this: Megatiendas create the perception of premium brand that justifies online prices. It is not something that has invented Inditex or exclusive to fashion stores. McKinsey already talked about this phenomenon Before pandemic. Without that physical presence, Zara would lose some reputational credibility in the face of much cheaper purely digital competitors such as Shein. Physical spaces act as confidence anchors that allow to collect higher prices on the digital channel. Yes, but. The equation is complicated when the profitability of these Showrooms It deteriorates. Barclays estimates that the growth of sales per square meter will decelerate 8% historical annual to 3% in the next four years. Maintaining very expensive spaces that do not generate proportional direct benefits is a bit more difficult to sustain in the long term. Turning point. Inditex will possibly redefine your megatiendas without loading your strategic value. Closed would save costs but destroy a part of the credibility that supports online prices. Keep them as the margins are erodes. The departure is to reinvent them as brand theaters that justify their cost through their impact on the digital business. It is something very similar to what happens with telecos stores, especially Flagship: They maintain strategic establishments in central and privileged locations for a more reputational and Awareness (Brand recognition, perception, prestige) that by pure profitability. Outstanding image | Inditex In Xataka | Wallapop taught us to sell what was used. Decathlon has learned to earn money with it

Steve Jobs discovered that meetings were a huge problem. Larry Page confirmed that solving it was not easy

by

He excess meetings At work it has been a obstacle to productivity For decades. Although today it is A very debated topicalready in 1986 Steve Jobs He identified him as one of the great enemies of efficiency in technology companies. Decades later, Larry Page, co -founder of Google, also faced this problem by assuming CEO in Eric Schmidt replacement. At that time he realized the challenge of solving that problem without causing others Even worse. Jobs and Page attempts to change the meetings culture They showed that, although the solutions seem simple, putting them into practice is much more complicated than it seems. Steve Jobs and the problem of meetings In 1986, Steve Jobs realized that frequent and unproductive meetings were negatively affecting the creativity and efficiency of the equipment, as recognized in the letters collected in the book ‘Make submission Wonderful‘. Jobs noted that, instead of helping to advance, many of the meetings in Next They became a waste of timebraking innovation and quick decision making. Jobs promoted the idea of ​​minimizing meetings (and even prohibit them on Thursdays) and only call them when they were really necessary. According to Jobs, The key I was to keep small and focused teams, avoiding large groups where most attendees did not contribute anything relevant. This philosophy later helped Apple maintain its agility and response capacity, in addition to inspiring the CEO of another great technological: Google. Larry Page and the challenge of changing Google In 2011, Larry Page took the command of Google as CEO, at a time when the company already had 30,000 employees and increasingly ambitious challenges. Such and As I counted Jacob Votko, former employee of Google who lived in the first person those changes, Page realized that the excess meetings was affecting the company’s capacity To innovate quickly. The former employee had an anecdote in the Larry Page had criticized large companies as Yahoo! Because it took weeks to update their main page, while in Google they did it in hours. However, now that Google had grown up, Page wondered if in a startup someone would be making jokes about the slow decision of Google. To combat this problem, Larry Page He sent an email To the entire company with new Rules for meetings: Every meeting must have a “decision maker.” You can discuss issues, but once determined, each one executes them as if the decision were their own. Each meeting must have a clear purpose, structure and agenda. If you have nothing to contribute, don’t go All must be punctual, and pay full attention to the meeting (not other background tasks) Celebrate meetings in groups of less than 10 people and broadly spread the notes Establish a maximum duration of 50 minutes instead of an hour and respect those time limits The difficulties of applying new rules Although Page’s instructions were clear, Votko said that the implementation of these measures was not simple. Many employees continued to extend meetings until they were impossible for them to continue because others needed the room. In fact, some teams even tried to take advantage of the 10 -minute holes between meetings to carry out rapid meetings in which they did not even sat, generating friction with users who extended their meetings beyond the regulatory 50 minutes. According to published Business InsiderLarry Page established that no decision should wait for a meeting, and if it required a meeting, it should be summoned urgently. That generated some confusion and organizational chaos since it was interpreted as that these meetings had preference over others, demonstrating that changing such entrenched habits requires much more than simple rules. To reinforce these changes, Larry Page divided Google into seven large groups of product, each with a clear person responsible. The goal was that each of them will act like a startup internal In this way, decision -making would be expedited and unnecessary bureaucracy and unnecessary meetings would be avoided. More than a decade later, great technological ones try again apply the same recipes To prevent someone, in some startup, not get rid of his slowness When making decisions. In Xataka | Working in Google was a dream for many. Paradise in the technology offices is now fading Image | AppleFlickr (Niall Kennedy), Unspash (Rodeo Project Management Software)

In the exciting world of the supernovas this newly discovered has something unique: its form is perfect

by

Identifying a Supernova is an event that astronomers usually celebrate with enthusiasm. And it is not for less if we consider that it is One of the most violent events with which we can run into the cosmos. Knowing them better is very important because it can help us understand more precisely what the latest stages of The life of mass starsand also the mechanisms that explain how the material caused by stellar synthesis can lead to new star systems. The mathematical tools handled by astrophysics current nuclear fusion that take place in the nucleus of mass stars. During the stage known as the main sequence, stars obtain their energy from the fusion of hydrogen nuclei. As this chemical element is consumed, the star begins to produce helium nuclei, and, of course, its composition begins to evolve. During this process a huge amount of energy is released and the star is forced to continuously readjust to maintain hydrostatic balance, a phenomenon that is the result of the coexistence of two opposite forces capable of compensating. One of them is the gravitational contraction, which compresses the subject of the star, pressing it without rest. And the other is the radiation and gase pressure, which is the fruit of the ignition of the nuclear oven and tries to expand the star. ‘Teleios’ is the perfect supernova If the star is massive enough will begin to consume its helium reserves and produce new carbon nuclei, while maintaining the hydrostatic balance we have talked about. And if the star has enough mass will not stop in carbon production. When this element is exhausted in the nucleus, it will be readjusted, compressing and increasing once again its temperature to stop the gravitational collapse. From this moment the carbon nuclei will enter into ignition through nuclear fusion processes and the production of even heavier chemical elements will begin. While in the star’s core is being carried out Carbon fusionin the immediately superior layer the ignition of the helium is maintained. And above this, of hydrogen. The iron core suddenly contracts under the enormous pressure that all layers of material that it has above the material exerted on it During star nucleosynthesis, stars acquire a layer -shaped structure similar to that of an onion. In the nucleus lies the heaviest element, and from there we are ascending by layers finding more and lighter elements. If the star has accumulated sufficient mass there will come a time when the nucleus will be essentially constituted by iron, and from this chemical element it is not possible to obtain more energy through nuclear fusion processes. At that time the radiation and gase pressure is not enough to counteract gravitational contraction, so Iron core suddenly contracts under the enormous pressure that all layers of material that it has above. The star has lost the hydrostatic balance. At this moment all this matter loses the support that the nucleus exercised, which is now much more compact, and falls on it with enormous speed. When all that star material touches the surface of the nucleus there is a rebound effect that causes it to be fired with a huge energy towards the stellar medium, being disseminated. A supernova has just been produced. Some of them are so energetic that for a few seconds they emit more light than the entire galaxy that contains them. This was probably what happened to ‘Teleios’, the remnant of a supernova recently discovered by an astronomer team from the University of Sidney (Australia). The remnant is nothing more than the material that is spread in a region of space after the production of a supernova In the field of Supernovas, the remainder is nothing more than the material that is scattered in a region of space after the production of a supernova. It usually acquires the shape of an expanding bubble in which it is possible to identify an external and brilliant region in which the shock wave and a diffuse interior section occurs constituted by dense and cold dust and dust. The image we publish on the cover of this article recreates a supernova in the most reliable way possible, and in it we can clearly observe the two regions in which we have just inquired. Astronomers from the University of Sidney have identified the remnant ‘Teleios’ using the Australian Askap telescope (Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder), and have realized something very interesting: its geometry is almost perfectly circular. It is very unusual that the material left after the production of a supernova acquires such a perfect geometry. Although these astrophysics shuffle several scenarios that could explain this morphology, in Your scientific article They propose to carry out more observations to determine why ‘Teleios’ is so different from other remnants. The identification of the conditions that have given rise to this cosmic object can help cosmologists to understand better What happens during the production of a Supernova and what parameters delimit the evolution of the remnant that will remain in space long after this great explosion occurs. In fact, these Australian astrophysicists have estimated that ‘Teleios’ is at a distance between 7,170 and 25,100 light years. Image | Generated by Xataka with Dall-e More information | Arxiv In Xataka | The CERN detector took 20 years to be built. It is one of the most complex machines created by the human being

Harvard bought a cheap copy of the Magna Carta in 1946. They just discovered that they had a treasure that is worth a fortune

by

Year 1946. Someone buys a cheap and no apparent copy of The Magna Carta After ending World War II. The article, dated in 1327, passes without penalty or glory for decades in some trunk of the Harvard Law School. Today, eighty years later, to the surprise of the entire world it has been discovered that it was actually one of The original writings. A medieval jewel. In other words: for eight decades, a very valuable original of the 1300 Magna Cart bad of 1327. acquired at the time for just $ 27.50 In 46, the document was bought from a London bookseller and, since then, lay in oblivion. It was not until December 2023 when David Carpenter, professor of medieval history at the King’s College in London, He identified it while sailing through the Harvard digital library. When observing the sheep skin scroll (labeled as HLS MS 172) it was dumbfounded: design, calligraphy, Latin use and the capital “E” characteristic of Edwardus coincided with The original specimens known He immediately alerted his colleague Nicholas Vincent, a professor at the University of East Anglia, who confirmed authenticity of the finding. With the discovery, they ascend to 24 The original specimens Known of the edition, the last officially issued by the Royal Foreign Ministry during the reign of Eduardo I. A 725 -year -old relic. The document, in remarkable state of conservation, was produced in the year 28 of the reign of Eduardo I and represents the culmination of a series of reference to the Carta Magna since their original conception in 1215, when the English barons, in open rebellion, forced the king to accept that even the monarchy had to submit to the law. The text was reissued several times for its successors and ended up consolidating as one of the pillars of the Western constitutional thinking. The authenticity of the Harvard specimen already It has been validated with spectral and ultraviolet image techniques (image below), which allowed to compare the text and paleographic marks with other authentic specimens. In contrast to the deteriorated document found in 2014 In Sandwich, England (which was incomplete, without seal and partially illegible), Harvard’s piece retains its integrity and clarity. The thoroughly examined letter Historical Genealogy. Harvard experts tell that the documentary trail suggests that the copy could be the Magna Carta originally sent to the municipality of Appleby-in-Westmorland, in northern England. It is presumed that it was delivered by Lord Lord William Lowther to the abolitionist Thomas Clarkson, one of the most influential figures in the eradication of British slave trafficking. Clarkson, author of The History of the Abolition of the African Slave-Tradehe retired to the area, and his family archive was subsequently inherited by the aviator and war hero Forster Maynard. In fact, it was he who He auctioned in 1945 Through Sotheby’s, where Harvard acquired it without noticing his true importance. Although there is still a conclusive evidence that confirms such documentary genealogy, the chain of custody is more than solid and plausible. Symbol I live in times of tension. The American media counted this morning that the rediscovery of the document also arrives at one time politically loaded: Harvard University faces direct pressures from the Trump government, which recently announced the Cancellation of 450 million dollars in federal financing after disputes over student protests related to war in Gaza and university autonomy. For Carpenterthe appearance of this founding letter in the midst of that conflict is not mere coincidence, but almost “providential”: a tangible reminder of the essential principle that power, even in its highest form, is subject to the law. “The Magna Carta says that the ruler cannot simply order your execution or appropriate your land: it must respect the law,” He pointed out. Constitutional inspiration. Finally, the relevance of the finding is not limited to its estimated historical value (there is talk of More than 20 million of dollars, considering that a 1297 version was sold in 2007 for 21.3 million), but also to its pedagogical and symbolic potential. In words From Amanda Watsonassociated dean of the Harvard Legal Library, the document offers a unique opportunity for future generations to understand the foundations of democracy, individual freedom and limited government. If you also want, that a medieval relic of this caliber emerges from the shelves of an American university In full struggle to preserve its academic autonomy against the impositions of state power, it gives an extra intangible to the finding, a weight that transcends the historical: a living lesson, written more than seven centuries ago, but more in force than ever. Image | Harvard Law School In Xataka | Abortion, a constitutional right: France opens the way to protect it in the Magna Carta In Xataka | Water is a very healthy drink. Harvard researchers have found another healthy equally: coffee

Alzheimer’s starts long before its symptoms. And we have discovered one of its first mechanisms

by

We generally associate Alzheimer’s disease with memory loss since this is probably its most visible symptom. However, it is still what we do not know about the biological processes that unleash these symptoms. Piece by piece, we are solving this immense puzzle. New mechanism. A team in which researchers from the Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CBM-CSIC-UAM) participate He has discovered A mechanism linked to the early development of Alzheimer’s disease. The key component of this mechanism is in a protein called SFRP1. Astrocytes and SFRP1. As described by the team responsible for the finding, in the origin of the mechanism are brain cells called astrocytes. Astrocytes They are glial cells (A type of nerve cell) that for a while we thought were “assistants” of neurons but whose relevance we are seeing grow. In a mice -based model, the new study has shown that these cells could play an important role in the appearance of Alzheimer’s through an “excessive” production of the SFRP1 protein. This protein is one of the compounds involved in the regulation of communication between different cells during development, but in later stages of life its excess may imply risks. A “jam” in the brain. As the equipment continues, the accumulation of the SFRP1 protein in the adult brain is associated with chronic inflammatory processes associated with aging, and also to Alzheimer’s own disease. The problem arises when this excess blocks the activity of the adam10 enzyme, which plays a key role in maintaining the proper functioning of neuronal connections. “This blockage generates an imbalance that deteriorates synaptic plasticity, an essential cell mechanism to form and consolidate memories that allows neurons to regulate their connectivity in response to different stimuli,” They explain in a press release. Long -term synaptic potentiation. The accumulation of the SFRP1 protein would thus be interfering with a process called LTP or long -term synaptic potentiation. This is a “fundamental” process for learning and memory, the team stands out. A vital process in brain plasticity, that is, that allows the neuronal connections that are most frequently used to be reinforced, something indispensable when consolidating new memories. The details of the study have been published In an article In the magazine Cell Reports. A possible trigger. The fight against Alzheimer’s is a fight against the clock. The appearance of its most easily noticeable effects is associated with lesions already irreversible in the brain, so the only remaining route of action is to delay the advance of the disease. The techniques focused on detecting the internal signs of the disease, mainly the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain can allow us to advance ourselves to the appearance of the external symptoms of the disease. Now, the new study Open a road To get into stages still prior to the disease. “The increase of SFRP1 in early stages seems to act as an active engine of pathology, not as a simple companion of other degenerative processes,” Explain in the press release Guadalupe Pereyra, co -author of the study. Beyond rodents. Like any study in mice, extrapolating its conclusions can be complicated, so studies that validate what you have learned and the degree to which it is applicable to the development of the disease in humans will be needed. Converting what has learned into new therapeutic pathways will not be simple either, but this type of advance can help us in different ways. First, because understanding the disease and its mechanisms is essential in order to find a future cure; and second, since in the fight against their symptoms, Early detection It is a very important advantage. In Xataka | If the question is how to hunt the Alzheimer Image | CSIC

Reducing weight loss carbohydrates seemed a perfect plan. We have just discovered that it comes with unforeseen risks

by

Carbohydrates or carbohydrates are a fundamental macronutrient in our diet. They represent, together with the fats, the main energy contribution to our body. Carbohydrates are also protagonists in some diets destined for weight loss, diets based on the fact that, in the absence of these nutrients, our body will resort to the energy stored in their fatty tissue. A plan that is not infallible. DNA damage. A new study has found a mechanism that could link low carbohydrate diets with a Risk increase of suffering from colorectal cancer. The union link would be in the microorganisms that reside in our digestive system, our intestinal microbiome. In a study conducted with mice, the team responsible for the analysis observed that these types of diets could worsen the deterioration of DNA caused by some of the microbes that usually inhabit our digestive tract. This facilitates the appearance of polyps that in turn increase the risk of appearance of this type of tumors. “Colorectal cancer has always been seen as the consequence of a number of diverse factors, including diet, intestinal microbioma, environment and genetic,” explained in a press release Alberto Martin, co -author of the study. “Our question was, does the diet affect the ability of specific bacteria to cause cancer?” Three diets under study. In his study, the team tested three types of diet: a “normal”, a carbohydrates, and a “western” rich in fat and sugar. He did it by combining these diets with different types of usual bacteria between our intestinal microbiota and suspects of keeping some kind of relationship with the risk of colorectal cancer. They found a combination of diet and microorganism with potential to trigger adverse relationships, that of the low carbohydrate diet and a variety of bacteria of the species Escherichia coli (E. coli). They observed that this diet encouraged production by the bacterium of the colibactin, a compound with the ability to damage the DNA and with it of producing cancer. The key I could be in the fiberthe team points out. This type of diets facilitates inflammation, altering the microbial community of its interior, which in turn creates an ideal environment for the propagation of the E. coli. A fallen barrier. The team also observed that the mucous barrier that separates epithelia cells (the outermost cells of the intestine) of bacteria was reduced, which could also facilitate that colibactin reaches intestine cells. This would increase the harmful potential of the compound. The details of the study have been published In an article In the magazine Nature Microbiology. And what about humans? Studies with mice have an obvious limitation, and it is that extrapolating what is observed in these rodents to our own species is not always possible. The team He stood out for it The need to confirm their findings in people, although they were also optimistic about the possibility that their study could be applied in cancer prevention. The microbioma in the spotlight. This is not the only recent study that has put in the spotlight to the bacteria of the species E. coli already the colibactin in regards to colorectal cancer. A few days ago We had the news of A study Made with patients from 11 countries who found exposure tests at an early age to this toxin could be linked to an increased risk of these types of tumors. In Xataka | During millennia, humanity has eaten what it played. Now he has started eating what he wants and that has consequences Image | Pixabay

We had been trying to know what neurostrogens served why they served. We have just discovered a clue: they regulate the appetite

by

In recent years we have seen progress in the study of the hormones responsible for regulating our appetite and the feeling of satiety, hormones such as those that transmit from the stomach to the brain the information that we have already consumed our ration of food and we can stop. However, now we just found one of these hormones in an unexpected place, in hormones that until now we associated mainly with reproduction. From the stomach to the brain. A Japanese researchers team He has found A relationship between neurostrogens and appetite regulation. Neurostrogen. The Estrogens They are hormones that we usually associate mainly with female reproduction. In this context, aspects such as the development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics regulate. But this “family” of hormones has a diversity of members that cover other contexts. For example we can find the phytostrogen produced by plants or neurostrogens. The latter are produced by the brain, as their name suggests and until now they represented a mystery in our biochemistry since we do not know which or what their exact functions are. Looking for an answer. The team I investigated precisely The role of these brain hormones. For this they turned to mice in a laboratory. They compared several groups of mice, including some without the capacity to produce estrogen; and others to whom the production of neurostrogens had been inhibited. The latter was eliminated by aromatase, an enzyme used by the brain to synthesize these hormones. They thus verified that the group of mice that lacked ovaries and those without aromatase showed a greater body mass and greater food consumption compared to the mice of the control group. The team Then he reactivated The gene linked to aromatase, returning the enzyme to its brains. They saw that the mice went on to consume less food. MC4R. The team found that these mice to whom the ability to synthesize aromatase had been returned and with it neurostrogens showed a “marked increase” in the expression of the melanonortine 4 (MC4R) receptor, a receptor known for its role in the regulation of food consumption. This led the team to conclude that the neurostrogens produced through aromatase were involved in the expression of the receiver and that it was through it that were able to “suppress” the feeling of hunger. The role of leptin. The study, explains the responsible team, also indicated that neurostrogens could also increase the ability of the brain to leptin, one of the hormones whose function we already knew related to the regulation of appetite. “We observe that mice with restored neurostrogens responded more effectively to leptin treatment,” explained in a press release Takanori Hayashi, co -author of the study. “This may be due to the fact that neurostrogen increases the natural response of the body to the mechanisms that suppress appetite.” The details of the study were published In an article In the magazine The Febs Journal. The eye put into treatments. The team responsible for the study Mention the possibility that this discovery opens new therapeutic paths focused on development detracts for weight loss. They also point out that understanding the physiological function of neurostrogen could also help us find ways to regulate estrogen more precisely in our bodies, for example in contexts such as menopause or postpartum. In Xataka | We already know where the microplastics get the lettuce that you eat in the salad: from the air Image | Milad Fakurian / Sander Dalhuisen

Log In

Forgot password?

Forgot password?

Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password.

Your password reset link appears to be invalid or expired.

Log in

Privacy Policy

Add to Collection

No Collections

Here you'll find all collections you've created before.