Change

Despite drought and climate change, Andalusia is today greener than in the 90s. It is not as positive as it seems

by

A few months ago we count that Spain was getting greener. We did not refer to renewablesbut to the spectacular effects of a spring Exceptionally rainy that He moved the ghosts of the past. The problem was what would happen after those rains and If the drought would call back to the door. Now we are in a totally different scenario: heat waves and, Like every summer of recent years, The fight against fires. In spite of everything, and to climate change, NASA shows that Andalusia is today more “green” than in the 90s. And it is not to be too excited. Short. Spain is a country with drastic microclimal changes on which the flora depends. In the south of the peninsula, they are the Mediterranean forests Those who occupy 26% of Andalusia and the conditions of much of the soil have made pines and holm oaks are the dominant speciesS, since they adapt well to areas without plant cover. Andalusia is a good study scenario because climate change clearly draws its effects, such as upward temperature, decline rains and increased aridity. And, as we see in Physa team of researchers has published in Ecological Indicators How these forests have responded during the last 30 years. Tools. For the analysis, the researchers used more than 5,000 satellite images captured between 1994 and 2021 obtained Thanks to Landsat 5 and Landsat 7NASA. In total, they analyzed 2,358 plots that compared with data from Google Earth Engine and created an “greenery” index measured by Ndvi. They are the acronym of ‘Standardized Difference Vegetation Index ”, a way of quantifying, through satellite images or remote sensors, how much living vegetation there is in an area. In short, it is something that indicates the amount and vigor of the vegetation, being a tool widely used in studies of agriculture, natural resources management or those associated with climate change. Black squares represent 2,358 farms analyzed. In the most dependent areas of agriculture, the effects are much more limited What do we see. In general, except red eucalyptus, all species have shown an increase in this NDVI value, something that points to sustained revergeration. In trees such as holm oaks, cork oaks and pines, the maximum moment of activity is concentrated in the soft winter months, falling in the summers. And the chestnut, which is the only deciduous species of the study, operates on the contrary. The Effects of climate change And aridity have a decisive role in these cycles, extending the activity period of the Carrasco pine and the resin in the driest places and shortening that of other pine species, such as the wild, and that of the wild olive tree. Between 1994 and 2005, the growth of these species was evident, and followed its course from 2005 to 2021, although at a more moderate speed. ¿Because? The result is that, the green territory is now greener and the conclusion is that many species have maintained or increased its green coverage. There are several explanations, and very diverse. Carrasco or Encina pine are designed to support heat and droughtwhich allows them to remain active when other species lower the activity. Here the policies of natural reforestation and regeneration have played a role, as well as global factors such as the increase in Atmospheric co₂ that would act as fertilizer. There are also factors directly related to human activity, such as a progressive abandonment of farmland in certain areas that has favored the natural regeneration of the forest, as well as changes in land use, such as the decrease in livestock pressure that reduces the degradation of the undergrowth. We have also influenced the contrary, as with a cork oak, which we extract cork periodically, limiting the regeneration of the tree. Nuances. The study is very useful to see the current situation of the Andalusian Mediterranean forest, but also to observe which are the most resilient species and those that best adapt to changing conditions and a rampant aridity. And the conclusion of the study is that things are not going well, but due to that resilience of some species and, despite the continuous increase in annual average temperatures, most species did not demonstrate a relationship between phenological metrics and that temperature increase. And, perhaps, the most important thing is that the greenest does not equals a healthier vegetation, since various factors (natural and human) intervene and we see that this revergence is nothing uniform, with a south and this drier in which the vegetation is hardly growing. But well, as researchers point out, see what species are more resistant and adapt better is something that allows you to find the best options for adequate reforestation policies, Not how we are doing in many places in Europe. Before we talked about that rainy spring that moved the ghost of drought and that summer was returning to reality. And the Recent restrictions in Galicia They are a sad sign of this. Image | José Sánchez Rodríguez and Rafael Palomo López In Xataka | Spain has been dismissing its forest firefighters in winter for years. Fire show that it may not be a good idea

Astrophysics do not know how to certain how the first stars of the universe formed. This is about to change

by

All stars are different. Each of them has its own character. His own “personality.” However, THE MECHANISM OF NATURE that has triggered the birth of most of those we can observe is always the same, so, in some way, we can consider that All are related. The stars are born from clouds of dust and gas that are disseminated by the universe, and that began to form Shortly after the Big Bangwhich took place, according to the estimates of scientists, almost 14,000 million years ago. The analyzes that many research groups are carrying out defend that the first stars were born shortly after the formation of the universe. In fact, it is currently considered that the oldest known, whose name resists me to transcribe because it is a cluster of letters and numbers that will not contribute anything, was born nothing less than 13.6 billion years, which reflects that it is almost as old as the universe itself. A team of astronomers from the National University of Australia, which is the group of scientists responsible for its discovery, assures which is sixty times larger than our sun and is located in our same galaxy, the Milky Way, but to 6,000 light years from the earth. Just to a jump. Our protagonist is the oldest molecule known in the cosmos The most interesting thing is that, despite their age, astronomers are convinced that there are even more archaic stars. This suspicion relies on the fact that our 13.6 billion giant is composed, in addition to hydrogen, carbon, magnesium and calcium. These chemical elements have necessarily had to be previously manufactured by one or several stars of an even older generation and with a very low presence of metals, understanding as metals all those elements that are heavier than helium, regardless of their position in the periodic table. The problem is that the knowledge that astrophysics have about these primal stars is still very limited, although this scenario seems to be about to change. And it is that a research team of the Max Planck Institute of Nuclear Physics, which is housed in Heidelberg (Germany), has identified unexpected behavior of helium hydride (heh⁺), which is the oldest molecule known in the cosmos. It consists of a helium atom (He) and a proton (H⁺), and astrophysicists believe it was formed in the universe shortly after the Big Bang, when the temperature was reduced enough so that the helium and hydrogen atoms began to join. Astrophysics of the Max Planck Institute of Nuclear Physics have managed to reproduce the conditions of the original universe using a cryogenic storage ring One of the reasons why helium hydride is so important is that its appearance triggered the beginning of chemical bonds in the universe and strengthened the foundations for the creation of molecular hydrogen (H₂), which is the fuel that feeds the stars. The strategy used by astrophysicians from the Max Planck Institute of Nuclear Physics to recreate how this molecule behaved just after the Big Bang is amazing. And they have managed to reproduce the conditions of the original universe using a cryogenic storage ring. This experimental ingenuity is used to store ion beams for prolonged periods of time at extremely low temperatures and under ultra -oral vacuum conditions. This allows scientists to study the properties of molecules as unstable as helium hydride without being destroyed very quickly when colliding. As explained in the very interesting article that these astrophysicians have published in Astronomy & AstrophysicsDuring their experiment they realized that instead of slowing down as the temperature dropped, the reaction between helium hydride and the deuterium remained constant. This finding is important because in the primal universe helium hydride interpreted a leading role in the primordial gas cooling process. This cooling was essential so that the clouds of dust and gas collapse under the effects of gravity and give rise to the formation of the stars. In short, what these scientists have discovered is that Helio hydride had a much more active role in the primary chemistry of the universe of what was believed so far. Taking this idea as a starting point, astrophysicists onwards will be able to rethink the theoretical models that describe the processes involved in the formation of the oldest stars. Image | POT More information | Astronomy & Astrophysics In Xataka | The CERN has made an incredible pirouette: its last discovery has the ability to revolutionize quantum computers

The throne on the list of the most reliable cars of 2025 has changed. What does not change is Japan’s domain

by

Usually, after a house, The purchase of a car It is the second greater expense that we have to face. It is still something indispensable in the day to day of us, But with upward pricesit is necessary think very well what is bought. Apart from choosing a motorization model or personal tastes, it is always advisable to take an eye on the lists of the most reliable cars in the market. And the new analysis of Consumer Reports It is a great help to make that decision. Changes in the noble zone. Although they focus on the US market, there are common models in different territories and lists like the one we have in hand or JD Power’s are very interesting. They handle reports sent by thousands of consumers, analyze several key points of new cars and are so relevant that some of their findings They have forced brands to take action (such as the failure in the rotary engines of Mazda in 1973). Every year they make their list with the most reliable car brands, Those who go down the least for the workshopand in which they have just published they take reports from 2022 to 2024, as well as the first bars of 2025. Normally, it was a boring table, but in this year’s edition we see that Toyota and Lexus, who had been dominating for years, have lost one position each due to the rise of another brand that, to anyone’s surprise, remains Japanese: Subaru. Graph | Consumer Reports The tail does not change. The domain of the Japanese in the upper part is a constant in recent years, this reliability being one of the presentation cards held by cars in the ‘rising sun’. In the lower part of the reliability list there are also some position changes, but the names we see are the same (and the countries too). If the Japanese stand out above and in the middle part of the South Koreans like Kia or Hyundai, in the lower part those who dominate are the Americans. Jeep, GMC or Cadillac are not well stopped. Nor does the German Volkswagen (again) and the red lantern is Rivian. The one who became the Third most important car manufacturer in the world In the stock market, they collapsed in record time, losing 90% of its value in just three years. It is the brand that worst score takes this year’s list. And if you are wondering where Alfa Romeo, Mercedes, Mitsubishi or Fiat are, from CR points out that they did not have enough data to be able to add them legitimately to the list. We will see if for the final report of the year contemplating everything 2025 changes the thing. What do they analyze. View the list, let’s see the data and conclusions of Consumer Reports. For this year’s report, they have asked their members about the problems they have had with their vehicles in the last 12 months. In total, data from more than 300,000 vehicles from 2000 to 2024 have compiled, but as we said, also with 2025 models that have had sufficient units on the street to be relevant to the compilation. They analyze 20 problem areas ranging from brakes to the engine, through broken embellishness, potential problems outside battery, transmission and problems that affect the electric and hybrids as the battery and load and create a score for each vehicle from 1 to 100. Hybrids stand out. As they point out, all that previous experience and the data of newer models have allowed this year’s list to be the most complete for hybrids and electric. They claim that they continue to improve, but that if there is a king on all electrified, they are the HEV hybrids. Jake Fisher is the technical director of Tests at Consumer Reports and points out that, although hybrids “remain extremely efficient in fuel consumption, they also offer reliability that is similar to conventional combustion cars despite their added difficulty.” He continues to affirm that “on average, they have a similar number of problems that cars propelled by a combustion engine” and comments that the most reliable models are from Toyota, Lexus, Kia and Hyundai, with cars such as Corolla, Rav4, Elantra el Sorento, Highlander or Lexus NX. But with reservations. It also points out that not all hybrids are the same and that Ford, for example, has a reliability problem with both the F-150 as with the F-150 hybrid. In addition, they strive to indicate that the most reliable of electrified are pure hybrids, since PHEV or plug -in hybrids They are less reliable. And, as a final recommendation, from the report they clarify that, although a brand can be very reliable, there are always models that stand out and others that lower the average. If we are interested in particular, it is worth looking for information from that and not getting carried away by the general reliability guides. And they say it with a specific model in mind: the TOYOTA BZ4Xbeing the one that lowers the score of the brand. Interestingly, it is the basis of Subaru’s single, and also lowers the average of this company. In Xataka | The German ITV has analyzed the reliability of the Tesla and has reached a conclusion: Dacia is above

This motorcycle looks like a vespa, the motor roars like a tractor and the change is of a snow motorcycle. It’s Russian, of course

by

One of the most fascinating subcultures is that of ‘Dieselpunk‘. It is a Retrofuturist vision of the period between the First and Second World War which has the combustion engine at the center of all its technology. Films like ‘Sky Captain and the world of tomorrow‘They recreate aesthetics perfectly. In video games, we could talk about ‘Wolfenstein The New Order‘. And, in real life, there are those who have determined to create a Dieselpunk scooter that sounds like a tractor and shoots the Vespa design, but With Soviet influences. And its creator is Russian, of course. Dieselpunk Scooter. The creation of homemade vehicles is an art. On the one hand, we have the so -called ‘restomods’. These are projects that allow a classic car on the outside, but with current mechanics and electronics. One of the most used cars in these ‘mixtures’ is the Tesla Model 3which allows to give life to models such as This beautiful Mercedes-Benz 300sl. On the other hand, we have those who pull inventive to create something new. Russia is prolific in this work, this being Lada Vaz-2110 with a V16 engine based on chainsaws An example. But also the ‘scooter dieselpunk’ that crowns this article and that is Work of the Saint Peter’s Builds Workshop. They are enthusiasts who modify vehicles in artisanal projects and upload their work to networks. One of them was this Honda Super Cubbut with the Dieselpunk they promise to overcome. Soviet engine. The motor of the motorcycle is a 1,200 cc V4 diesel engine taken from a Zaz 968. This was a compact car that intended to become The “town car”, like Volkswagenbut in the Soviet Union. The engine was located in the back, getting a peculiar distribution of weights and, with a power of 50 hp, is chosen for dieselpunk. The original box was four marches, but to facilitate things on the motorcycle, from Saint Peter’s Builds they have decided to go further with Frankenstein’s monster: a CVT system (or continuous variable transmission change) that uses a pulley system instead of gear and that have taken out of a snow motorcycle. To connect the change to the engine, they have used combinations of axles and chains. The most incredible thing is that, after some failed tests, the engine is already snoring. Well, “snore” for saying something, since it sounds like a tractor: Vespa retrofuturista. The engine is the most complicated piece of this vehicle, but although it is an achievement that works as they want, there is a long way forward. In the video we can see the design, which is half Vespa of the rear to the handlebar, half tractor throughout the front. The engine appears on the sides, with the cylinders appearing as a couple on the sides and an artisanal escape. It is that elongated nose, the engine cylinders acting as fins and, above all, the decorative lines throughout the side what gives the motorcycle that Retrofuturist airas just taken from ‘Fallout‘. Anxious for the future. At the moment, as its creators claim, the first steps have already taken themselves and we will have to be attentive to see how they model the outside, on which chassis they mount everything and, above all, if one day they will end up finishing the project to delight us with another video in which we see them take a walk. What seems obvious is that this front of the engine and, above all, the nose, will imply a complex mass distribution that will affect both stability and the passage through curve. But well, the last thing to wait is to see this on the road on a day -to -day basis. Although who knows, it is Russia … In Xataka | The Chinese brands promised them very happy plagiarizing the design of the Vespa. They ran into a problem: it’s “art”

Hybrids have become the best selling car in Spain. Now we know how much it costs to change your battery: a lot

by

35.35% of the cars sold in Spain are hybrid. Last yearthe category of hybrids is the one that enrolled most vehicles and right now no other shades in our country. With June datain our country 254,604 hybrid cars have enrolled, by the 192,447 gasoline cars, the second category most purchased in our country. That has been possible by the little trick of the Microhíbridosthat add a small electric battery of very small dimensions, which slightly reduce consumption but, basically, allow manufacturers electrify models with very little investment. That investment, however, adds complexity to the whole. That is, greater problems if we have to make a repair. Because it is not only to replace a battery. In relation to its size, changing the battery of a hybrid is very expensive. And contrary to what we would expect, we will have to leave more money the smaller the battery. Small battery, large cost That is what the International Energy Agency That it states that last year, the average price of a 20 kWh battery pack for a plug -in hybrid had a cost similar to a 65 kWh electric car battery. This is explained for various reasons. The first is that in the report itself it is highlighted that the price of batteries for electric cars in China has been significantly reduced, falling the cost by 30%, compared to 10-15% on average that has fallen in Europe and the United States. Taking into account that China is the country where more electric cars are boughtthis has significantly decreased the average global price of batteries. The second reason is that the battery, large or small, have components that do not vary and, in addition, those of a plug -in hybrid need higher energy and energy density requirements because they are required more power (in relation to their size), which makes the product more expensive. The problem is that, as our partners of Motorpasionthis scale in reverse. The battery of a hybrid is more expensive to that of a plug -in for the same reasons indicated above. Adding that, in addition, many plug -in hybrids are bought (they enter the electric category), which reduces its price global medium. But non -plug -in hybrids are not bought so those prices are not reduced. And everything gets exaced when we get to cars Mildhybrid Or light hybrids, those that carry a small battery of 48 volts (or even 24 volts) and are already indicated as hybrid vehicles. In that case, the average cost of battery replacement is 2,000 euros but in some cars it approaches 3,000 euros if we add the labor. In MotorpasionThey put some interesting examples with 48 volt batteries. For example, within the Volkswagen Group, changing the Audi A6, A7 and Q8 or their sports versions S and RS entails an expense of 3,000 euros, of which 2,500 euros are taken by the battery. In a Volvo XC60, the change in this component entails the disbursement of about 2,000 euros. Prices are not as expensive as in non -plug -in hybrids but when we look at the price to disburse in relation to battery size. For example, the 1.2 kWh battery assembled by the Renault Clio, Captur, Arkana and Symbioz (But also the Dacia Jogger and Duster) It costs 3,500 euros in the official network of the brand. And if we go to the battery that rides the Renault Rafale1.7 kWh, we are already talking about about 4,000 euros. That is, the KWH price of this last case is 2,352 euros but, as we have seen, with that money in some cars of the Volkswagen group we would not change the 48 volt battery and in the case of the Volvo XC60 we would barely have money. In addition to all of the above, it must be taken into account that the replacement of the batteries is usually carried out in official workshops, so the cost of labor is usually superior. At the moment, there are not many independent workshops that are specialized in this type of breakdowns and although the data says that They are growingthe offer remains limited. Photo | In Xataka | I’ve been trying electric cars for years. I bought one of combustion for a single reason

Byd has shown us that the 400 kilometers load in five minutes is very real. And they have managed to change their minds

by

Designed for heavy but practical transport for the daily car. And an advance that has raised some controversy in the battle that China-Occident in the battle for the electric car. It is the 1 MW charger of byd. The same one that, they promise, can load 400 kilometers of autonomy in five minutes and with which, in the words of Stella Li (vice president of the company) equals “the experience of Fill a deposit of gasoline “. It is definitely one of the advances in the electric car that has raised the most interest in recent months. And in Xataka we have tried it. Yes, it is very real In a concessionaire and next to other lesser power chargers. Byd has shown us the operation and recharge of its 1,000 kW or 1 MW charger. An experience that promises to match the times of gasoline but that, they assure from the company, is not primarily thought for cars. Last March, Byd hit the table showing your most powerful loaders to date. Immediately, domino’s chips fell and we knew that Catl and Huawei also confirmed that had ready their own ultra -grape load suppliers. The race for the electric car in China advances at a devilish pace that has taken us at the end of this June, just over two months later from the announcement, to see these loaders in operation. The expansion of the more than 4,000 points that the brand aspires to have very soon in its country clashes frontally with the slowness in Spanish facilities. Be that as it is, the truth is that two byd cars can now recharge in this type of facilities. They are the byd and tang l, two electric mounted on their super e-platform that can assume the power of its megawatt flash charger, a load point known as the 1,000-1,000-1,000: 1,000 kW, 1,000 amps and 1,000 volts. A BYD TANG L at the 1MW load station And that’s what we saw. First with a Byd Tang L and, later, with a Byd have l, the company showed us the system load capacity. For this it is necessary to plug the two hoses that leave the supplier. The car, like a Porsche Macan, has two load shots (one on each side) and plug at the same time. Once the two shots are connected, the load begins from the vehicle. And magic happens. In two minutes, 7% battery capacity has passed to almost 40% of it. One is hypnotized When you see on the central screen the 1,000 kW of load power and the percentage of the battery upload. The maximum peak does not last too much. But that is not too much problem. After 20%, the power falls to 750 kW and it remains so until 30%. It is not then that it is maintained with sufficiency in 700 kW or slightly below. Thus it will come with hardly any drop to 80%. At that pace, moving from a brief 7% to 80% autonomy leads to, just over five minutes. And that 80%, In a car with 83.2 kWh Battery are about 67 kWh available. To lower the data to the ground, two questions. Is it a lot of power? It is a lot of power. It is a barbarity. To get an idea, the most powerful load points that are in Spain Sinde 350 kW and begin to consider loads of 500 kW. Have a car that carries, when the power drops, at 700 kW is to fold the most advanced vehicles at the moment, from the Porsche Taycan and Audi GT e-tron to the KIA EV6 and Hyundai ioniq 5. Just a handful get these figures in Europe. Really load 400 kilometers in five minutes? Yes and no. We explain ourselves. The 67 kWh that would have available any of these two cars with 80% load equals just under 350 real kilometers with a consumption of 20 kWh/100 kilometers. If you talk about 400 kilometers in five minutes it is because the Chinese homologation system is much more lax than WLTP. This has led us to receive news from China from cars with 1,000 kilometers of autonomy that would not support an exam in Europe. Despite this, we must not crucify how to measure in the Asian country. You have to take into account the peculiarities of each market. The homologations are assumed, both the Chinese and the European WLTP try to simulate the use that an average driver would give it. That in China, where the car is used as a ciudad already low speed (also in the ringms) it is much more likely that the average consumption is lower than for a European driver. It is something that have confirmed different Chinese brands: the car is for urban use, for the long trips bullet trains and airplanes are used. Is it really practical? When Byd gave the news, the competitors soon answered. As we have seen, Catl and Huawei came out to point out that they also had similar widths for imminent expansion. From Europe the message was another: That loading power is useless. That was what they pointed out in Mercedes. An opinion that can be controversial and shared before going to China. Now, I thought things better. What they maintain in Mercedes is that so much power is not necessary because, generally, when we stop we are standing for more than five minutes. And it doesn’t matter if we are going to have coffee or, simply, fill the car deposit. In the latter we spend more time of five minutes. If we are barely stopped 10 minutes, it recharges it with a car that can fill its batteries at 350 kW of power does not change much with respect to Byd’s proposal. And, if this power is supported, in just 10 minutes almost 60 kWh capacity will have been filled. That is, 300 kilometers with the previous calculations. In practice, the difference is not much. A … Read more

Europe has insisted that Spain must change its laws for unfair dismissal: it is too cheap

by

It is not the first time that from Europe There is a pull of ears to the Spanish regulations that apply to those cases in which it is incurred in an inadmissible dismissal and, therefore, that companies must compensate or readmit to workers. In your opinion, the Bars that applies Spain in these cases are insufficient and workers are not protected. The European Social Rights Committee He has just answered to the complaint filed in November 2022 by CCOO. The resolution of this body is not binding or sanctioning, so it must be read more as a recommendation than as a reprimand from Europe. What has Europe said. The European Social Rights Committee, an organ dependent on the Council of Europe, considers in its resolution that “there is a violation of article 24.b of the letter”, in reference to article 24 of the European Social Charter than Spain ratified in 2021 and whose objective was to harmonize the labor legislation of the EU member countries. In this article 24, the Council of Europe recommended, “the right of dismissed workers for no valid reason (inadmissible dismissal) to adequate compensation or other appropriate reparation.” Therefore, the Council’s decision follows the path of the first resolution with which he responded to the UGT demand in 2022insisting that the dismissal compensation system is not repair. At CCOO, the Council He has spoken on the compensation of the TEMPORARY PERSONNEL OF ADMINISTRATIONS in fraud of law that, as in the case of inadmissible dismissals, They are considered insufficient. On the other hand, the demand for CCOO also puts the focus on which Spanish legislation does not offer sufficient guarantees so that employees dismissed in the improper way must be readmitted in your position. The EU establishes that this is a point that Spain must reinforce in its labor regulations. Why are compensation insufficient? The Committee considers to establish A universal scale Like the one applied in Spain, with fixed compensation of 33 days per year worked with a maximum of 24 monthly payments, it does not serve to “repair the damage suffered by the victim in all cases and be deterrent to the employer.” In its resolution it is explained that in the calculation of these compensation the specific circumstances of each case are not taken into account (a dismissal is not the same to a 60 -year -old person than someone of 20 years, members of a single -parent family, etc.). In the brief, it is considered that a fixed allocation system allows companies calculate the convenience of dismissalthus eliminating the deterrence for the employer when the dismissal is not done due to justified objective causes, and is unfair for workers with Minor contracts. In addition, the little weight of the readmission and the fact that this is an option that is only offered to companies, and not to the employee who has lost its job for no justified reason. What do they say in Spain? In a Union statementUnai Sordo, general secretary of CCOO, insisted that this writing “what is at stake is the compatibility of the dismissal model in Spain with the European Social Charter. From now on there are only two paths: not do anything and let the jurisprudence resolve case by case, or open a tripartite, mature and responsible negotiation, that adapts our dismissal regime to the European social standards.” For its part, Yolanda Díaz has shared From your profile In Bluesky your disposition “to open social dialogue table” to adapt legislation on dismissal in Spain and comply with what is recorded by Spain. “The inadmissible dismissal has to comply with the European Social Charter. Without excuses. It is in the Government Agreement and will be a reality,” said the head of the Ministry of Labor. It should be remembered that, in a parliamentary response of 2024, the current government assured that Article 56 of the Workers’ Statute “It is already consistent with article 24 of the European Social Charter, providing adequate reparation to dismissed workers without valid reason (inadmissible dismissal), so a modification of the regulation in this regard is not expected and, therefore, particular effects on vulnerable groups or on small and medium enterprises are not estimated.” How is it being managed now. At present, if an employee considers that his dismissal is inadmissible he must go to the judicial means, and it will be the court who establishes the regulations to be applied. In this context, employees cannot claim Additional compensation to the one already marked by the legislation in relation to the years worked, as CCOO denounces in its demand and supports article 24 of the European Social Charter. On very few occasions, the courts have preferred to opt for the prerogative of admitting international legislation over the state, so it is expected that, as of July 16, the Supreme Court will rule on this situation and establish a doctrine. Until now, the High Court considered that it was not possible increase this compensation by judicial means. In addition, although it is true that the courts always offer readmission alternatives or Payment of the assigned compensationthis decision remains in the hands of the company, which in the vast majority of cases chooses to pay compensation. What the Council recommends in this case is that the election falls on the employee and choose if you want to return to an employee from which it has been fired without objective reasons. In Xataka | 55,245 euros for eating a sandwich and a beer: Mercadona must compensate an employee for unfair dismissal Image | Unspash (Antoine Schibler, Manuel)

The best messaging applications if you want to change the finish line for another

by

We bring you a list with The main alternatives to WhatsApp In the event that you want to change your messaging application. Either by privacy or not dealing with the arrival of the WhatsApp adsif you are thinking of looking for another app to communicate with your contacts, we will tell you the most important. In fact, you should know that we are going to focus on the best known, and not simply tell you a ristra of random applications. Of course, there will also be a place for some less known, such as a decentralized or some of the European alternatives. But if you consider that we have left any app that should be mentioned or taken into account, we invite you to tell us in the comments section. Thus, all readers of the article can also benefit from the knowledge of our xatakers. RCS The best alternative to WhatsApp is that You no longer need alternative apps Thanks to the protocol RCSavailable on Android and iOS in the same application where you look at the SMS on your mobile. It is a protocol that has arrived to replace the SMS, and that allows interactive messages, such as photos and much more. Best of all is that The RCS is totally freeyou don’t need to pay as in SMS. If we look at a comparison of RCS vs WhatsAppwe see that everything you have it, such as extreme encryption, sending photos, voice or videos and more, you can even create groups. The negative part is that you do not have all functions as video notes, or that in some countries it is not yet implemented. To know if you can write by RCS to a contact, open your native messages of messages and enter the chat you want. If RCS appears in the writing bar instead of SMS, it is because you will send a free message with this protocol. Telegram Telegram has been the great alternative to WhatsApp for years, so much that most of the new functions that take the copy of the finish line years later. It is more innovative, although It has less privacysince only private messages that deliberately abort with this mode have end -to -end encryption, and normal messages and groups only have it between user and server. Therefore, your chats can be exposed on Telegram servers, and there have already been cases in which It gives the users of its users to governments Let them ask for it. However, it is still a solid alternative, and Your integration with Grok Nor does it help in terms of privacy. However, in terms of options and number of users it is the great alternative. Signal If what you are looking for is privacySignal is a messaging app that has made a name for that. It has end -to -end encryption, and user metadata is practically not saved. Therefore, it is even more private than WhatsApp, since the company that manages it knows less about you. You do not have many content denunciation options, you can simply report advertising. Therefore, you can find all kinds of messages in it, and have total freedom to talk about any subject, with the good and the bad that this freedom implies. In addition, it has a user name system so as not to have to give your number. Google Chat If you have a Google account, you have the possibility of chatting with other users with Google accounts. All through Google Chat, Google’s internal messaging system. She is currently a little abandoned, but you can write to someone just having her Google account, her Gmail, so you don’t need to have her phone number. Facebook Messenger He Facebook messenger It is the messaging application with which Meta intends to compete with WhatsApp and Telegram. With it you can write to any user of the social network, although Meta wants that in the future it is also used on Instagram. In any case, Messenger is independent and has its own application, although it also works in the chat of the Facebook website. It is a powerful alternative, Private with end -to -end encryptionand the one that does not lack options. The bad part of based on Facebook is that you need to know another person’s user account to write or have friendship with her, and the good is that you do not need to ask for phone numbers. Instagram Instagram is one of the most important social networks in the world, and has its own messaging system. It is not as comfortable as a dedicated app, but the messages are encrypted, you can send photos, voice notes, gifs and whatever you want. A good alternative. Besides, You don’t need to give your phone numbersimply give your address to Instagram to share. Session Session is the application of a non -profit foundation, and an alternative Decentralized and open sourcewithout trackers and with a robust encryption from end to end. Only you and the person with whom you speak can see the messages, which on the other hand also end up disappearing. It is more complex to use and you have control, being able to choose a topic for its aesthetics or manage your encryption keys. You don’t need phone numberThere are no data leaks, and seeks a different way to approach instant messaging, although being somewhat more complex to use. Imessage Within the iPhone and Mac messages app you can send and receive SMS, but you can also send Imessages, an interactive messages protocol just like WhatsApp. The problem is that You can only send them to other Apple usersalthough now that messages integrates the RCS it is no longer such a large limitation. Three other European alternatives Finally, if you are looking for more privacy and not depending on US companies, you can also change whatsapp for European alternativesas Forget, Threema either Skred. They are private applications with end -to -end encryption, you can share everything, even without … Read more

The Accessibility Law enters into force this month and wants to change everything. From the ATM to Amazon

by

As of June 28, many things will change, from the ATM menu, through the gas station’s payment terminal, to the website where you make your purchases online. The reason? It is the day that the European Directive on Accessibility. The objective of this standard is to facilitate the use of these elements, especially by people who have Some type of disability sensory or motor. Products and services it affects. The text details products that will have to adapt to the new frame. Banks automatic ATMs are an example, but will affect all types of hardware equipment and also at the software level. These are the main ones: Computer equipment for general use: computers, tablets, smartphones and their operating systems. Self -service terminals: ATMs, ticket vending machines, shift dispensers and their operating systems Telecommunications: smartphones and other equipment to access telecommunication services. Also telephone and internet services. Electronic readers Audiovisual Communication Services: As streaming or digital television platforms, Transport services: Websites, mobile applications, electronic tickets and real -time information about the trip. Electrical, water or gas services. Banking services for consumers. Electronic books and software for reading. Electronic commerce: online stores and sales platforms. Emergencies: 112 calls. The three commandments of accessibility. The regulations affect countless equipment and the requirements vary for each of them. However, all have a common framework that has three major objectives: that they are available by more than one sensory channel (visual, auditory or tactile), that are easy to understand and that can be perceived by all users. ATMs, payment terminals and the like. ATMs that meet the regulations must meet a series of specific requirements. For example, they will have to offer an auditory option for blind users, in addition to allowing the use of headphones for a matter of privacy. The keys and controls must be noticeable to touch and the screen and all its elements will have the proper contrast. Image: CaixaBank Web pages and online stores do not get rid. In this case, apply the UNE Standards 139803 and WCAG 2.2. The requirements A must meet (there are three levels, for example for public websites they will have to meet the AA level). Some of these requirements include that the page give us alternatives to the text (videos, images and audio), which can be navigated using only the keyboard, that the structure is easy to understand, with expansable texts up to 200%, well -labeled buttons and forms (nothing to ‘click here’, the user has to know where it goes) or that all the images have alternative text to be described to blind users. Online trade pages such as Amazon must meet the same requirements as web pages, but they must also make the purchase process accessible through a sound and visual notice, for example by adding something to the cart or paying the purchase. Another aspect is that they will have to facilitate details about the accessibility of the products they sell. Amazon already has a section where these requirements detail To their sellers, but we still do not know what changes will make on their website from the 28th. We have contacted them to learn more details and update when we have an answer. The hardware still has margin, the websites no. The application of the standard is June 28, but that does not mean that all affected products and services will change that day. In the case of ATMs and the like, those that were installed before that date may continue to be used “until the end of their useful life from the economic point of view, although without exceeding ten years after their commissioning.” There are 47,000 ATMs in Spain and the cost of updating each unit could amount to 3,000 euros. Of course, all who install new ones must comply with the regulations and also the entities must inform their users of which they are updated and which are not. However, according to SHOPPRESthis margin would only apply to hardware products that are already in the market, online stores must adapt on the 28th of this month, except for an exception: to be a microenterprise. To be considered microenterprise, it must have less than 10 people on staff, provided that less than 2 million euros per year is billed. Of course, online stores that are launched after June 28 must already meet the requirements. The magnifying glass of iOS There is already much advanced. Many companies have already integrated these standards in their products, so on the 28th we will not see a radical change everywhere. For example, in banking, Ing already meets The standard UNE 139803: 2012 on its website, although they do not mention anything of the ATMs and the attention offices. In the case of Caixabank, the entity highlights that Your ATMs are accessible (although without detailing whether they comply with the new standard). In the case of computer equipment or devices such as smartphones or tablets, operating systems such as iOS, Android either Windows They have numerous as a magnifying glass to expand the content, screen readers, contrast settings and size for the text and much more. Of course there are lags that must take advantage of the new standard if they do not want to face a fine. This is the case of state websites, if we look at the last Web Accessibility Observatory Reportthe thing did not paint well in the late 2024. More than half of the websites did not even comply with level A. Cover image | Pxhere In Xataka | Why the fines from Europe to Google are so relevant to the future of your privacy, we tell you in this video

In the new macOS 26 Tahoe there is change of interface, yes. But the surprise is to be able to write an email or throw a shortcut from Spotlight

by

More than 40 years of history They contemplate the Mac. It may not be the protagonist of the Apple ecosystem, but Macos always has a relevant study in the updates that the company announces every year. This time it has not been the exception, and this year we have a new version that not only changes its name (Tahoe), but also jumps rumored in numbering. Thus, the traditional sequence after MacOS 15 Sequoia It should have brought us Macos 16, but instead Apple has decided to adopt a version number that corresponds to the “year of launch+1”, which in this case is 26. In this new version of macOS A good face washing was expectedand that’s what we have with MacOS 26 Tahoe. The changes in the interface are the absolute focus, although the most striking novelty is the one that reaches Spotlight, the launcher/search engine integrated in macOS. The interface changes, although not radically. Liquid Glass raises an interface in which for example the taskbar is transparent and that is customizable, such as the control center. The latter can be configured to our liking, adding a lot of direct icons and accesses, even that they can correspond to iPad apps. These customization improvements also reach the folders, in which we can change the color or add a small badge to differentiate them from the rest. The new version of continuity allows us that for example we can have a “twin” of our iPhone on the screen to be able to do things like enjoying calls directly on the MAC screen and also doing it using options such as the Real -time translation. However, where the most curious improvements arrive in Shortcuts and in Spotlight. In Shortcuts, a powerful Automatizon tool, now we can create more powerful shortcuts thanks to the so -called “smart actions”, which take advantage of Apple Intelligence’s functions. But It is in Spotlight where things change especially. We are facing that Apple states that it is the most important update in the history of this component. This pitcher allows you to search for files or launch applications – even those of the iPhone that we have matched with continuity – starting to write its name in the text field. But it is also that we now have a way to access very striking functions without leaving Spotlight using small keyboard shortcuts. Thus, if for example we write “SM” (Send Message) we can start the writing of an email message without opening the mail application. There are several of these personalized commands that make Spotlight into A kind of custom “terminal” In itself from which to execute commands, launch applications and even access the history of the clipboard. The last great novelty of Macos 26 Tahoe comes from the hand of video games. Apple, who has never paid too much attention to this area in the Mac, now offers a control center called Apple Games that reminds us of the Xbox application in Windows. As in that case, in Apple Games We have a form from which to access our library and from which to launch the games that we have bought or buy new. There is a new Game Overlay that allows us to chat with friends, invite them to play or adjust our configuration to play. The developers and users will also benefit metal 4, the new rendering technology specifically designed for the Apple chips GPUs and that allows games that take advantage of it improve its visual quality remarkably, promise in the company. In Xataka | Apple plays in today’s event more than its future in AI: its credibility is played as a company

Log In

Forgot password?

Forgot password?

Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password.

Your password reset link appears to be invalid or expired.

Log in

Privacy Policy

Add to Collection

No Collections

Here you'll find all collections you've created before.