Self-consumption is no longer a marginal option to conquer half of Spain

The spring of 2025 marked a before and after in the psyche of the Spanish consumer. The so-called “Great Blackout”which left millions of homes without power on the Peninsula, transformed the perception of solar panels. What was previously seen mainly as a way to reduce the monthly bill, is today perceived as a guarantee of resilience and energy independence. in the face of market volatility. The consolidation data. According to the “Solar Report 2025: X-ray of self-consumption in Spain”, prepared by SotySolar in collaboration with the Spanish Photovoltaic Union (UNEF)the market has entered a phase of maturity after years of accelerated expansion. Spain closed the 2024 financial year with an accumulated installed capacity of 8,137 GW. These figures closely coincide with the records of the Ministry for the Ecological Transition (MITECO), which places the power at 8,255 GW. However, Red Eléctrica raises the total estimate current at 8.7 GW, integrating data from the Electrical Measurements System (SIMEL) and estimates from the System Operator (OS). The end of “refundable” subsidies. After the closure of the European Next Generation funds, the sector has stopped depending on direct aid to embrace more structural profitability. This change is reflected on the national map: Catalonia has become the benchmark for success, with an increase of 20.6% in the volume of interested parties thanks to agile management of its local incentives. Despite the accumulated strength, the beginning of 2025 presented a slight cooling: the residential sector suffered a drop of 14% in the first quarter compared to the average for 2024. Even so, self-consumption has maintained sustained growth since 2021 and demonstrates greater stability than the large plant market (utility scale). The profile of the new consumer. The user profile has evolved towards a more informed and demanding one. Although financial savings continue to be the main driving force for 65% of users, factors such as sustainability (12%) and energy independence (8%) have gained unprecedented weight. As José Donoso, CEO of UNEF, explains, self-consumption has gone from being a minority technology to an “everyday, reliable and essential appliance.” This maturity is reflected in the choice of the installer: the price continues to matter (45%), but trust based on recommendations (25%) and support in procedures and aid (20%) are now decisive factors. The new standard. The acquisition model has undergone a radical transformation. Financing has gone from being a barrier to a driving force: between 60% and 70% of households opt for flexible payment formulas, a figure that rises to 80% in projects that exceed €10,000 or include batteries. In fact, strategic partners like Pontio They project to exceed 10,000 funded installations in 2026. This financial boost facilitates the integration of aerothermal energy, which has established itself as the ideal companion to photovoltaics. 66% of solar system owners plan to install aerothermal in the next three years. However, as experts in Xataka warn80% of Spanish houses have technical deficiencies in their electrical installation, which requires a prior evaluation of the insulation to prevent the investment from becoming an expense that is difficult to amortize. Roadmap. To prevent progress from slowing down, UNEF has proposed in its presentation urgent measures that strengthen the structural profitability of the sector: Tax incentives: Apply a reduced VAT for both installations with and without batteries. Network expansion: Extend the distance of shared self-consumption from the current 2 km to 5 km. Administrative simplification: Extend the exemption from requesting access and connection permits to all facilities that inject less than 15kW into the grid. Review of tolls: Modify the distribution between the fixed and variable part (target 25% fixed and 75% variable) to encourage savings. For its part, Red Eléctrica has reinforced the “maximum observability” of the system, publishing detailed information on self-consumption on all its platforms from the end of 2025, including a new demand curve (“Total Scheduled”) that integrates the impact of this energy on the national grid, where it already represents close to 4% of demand. An irreversible path. Self-consumption in Spain has come of age. It is no longer a specific response to a price crisis, but a strategic decision. As José Carlos Díaz Lacaci, CEO of SotySolar, points out, the path towards electrification is now “irreversible.” The challenge for 2026 will be to modernize the real estate stock and consolidate an intelligent management model that guarantees that every ray of sunlight captured becomes energy freedom for the citizen. Image | Unsplash Xataka | Landing at an airport full of solar panels had become a drama. Until Malaga had an idea

a -50°C sanctuary to save the memory of glaciers

The climate crisis What we are experiencing is not only threatening to redesign world maps with sea level risebut it is also erasing traces of the planet’s history. After confirming that 2025 was the third warmest year in historythe scientific community has completed a critical mission: inaugurate the Ice Memory Sanctuary in Antarcticaan underground library designed to preserve ice from mountain glaciers before they melt permanently. A real bunker. Today we have on the planet a seed bank to prepare ourselves in case there is a global catastrophe, and also data servers. And now we also have a large bench for ice, which logically requires extreme thermal stability. This sanctuary, which can be considered an authentic glacier cemetery, has been promoted by the Ice Memory Foundation and led by institutions such as the French CNRS and the Italian CNR. The location chosen could not be other than the Antarctic plateau itself, specifically the Concordia station. What is stored. Inside there is not simply “ice, but we find what scientists called “ice witnesses”. For science there is a fairly clear difference, since these glaciers are authentic hard drives that contain the thermal chemical history of our planet. And unfortunately it was being lost due to rising temperatures. With these ice cylinders it is possible to analyze the air that existed thousands of years ago or even at analyze the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes inside calculate the exact temperature it was in the past. Something that allows us to reconstruct global temperature graphs with a precision that tree rings or marine sediments do not always achieve. A disaster record. Bonus, this ice also acts as a filter that traps anything floating in the air. That is why we have already seen, for example, cvolcanic sand or dust from the Sahara which allows studying historical eruptions or the cycle of wind movement. Although technology logically has limitations, and in the future it is quite likely that these technological means will increase considerably. That is why the real objective is to leave this ice for the scientists of the future who will surely have many tools to continue extracting information from these blocks of ice that we cannot do today. Engineering behind the cold. Logically, ice cannot be at unstable temperatures, so the location at the Franco-Italian Concordia station is not a conventional building. It is a cave excavated directly under the snow, taking advantage of the extreme conditions of the white continent. Something that allows you to maintain a stable temperature at -50ºCwhich is also essential for storing the genetic material that may be inside. But unlike freezers in European laboratories, this sanctuary does not depend on the electrical grid or motors. If there is a blackout or energy crisis, the ice remains intact. That is why its design is perfect to last for centuries. There are already tenants. This sanctuary already has several members in its exhibition. Two ice cores have already been found that come from the Alps, specifically, one Col du Dôme block drilled in 2016 and from Gran Combin (Switzerland) extracted in 2025. Logically, the problem is in logistical transportation from Europe (or any location) to Antarctica. The samples traveled for 50 days on the research icebreaker Italian Laura Bassi from Trieste to Antarctica, completing the last leg by plane to the Concordia base. Something that logically is not easy at all. What’s next now. The Ice Memory Foundation plans to continue rescuing samples from at-risk glaciers in the Andes, Himalayas and Pamirs. The Concordia sanctuary is ready to receive the legacy of a world that, year after year, breaks temperature records and this is what has caused this project to move so rapidly today in order not to lose more glaciers that are melting. Images | Cassie Matias In Xataka | Eight months ago a robot disappeared under the ice of Antarctica. Today we have recovered it and it brings disturbing data

74% of employees have felt more productive when using AI. Almost half have ended up correcting the result

Artificial intelligence is already part of the daily life of the employees of many Spanish companies and helps them complete tasks faster. At least that is what emerges from a recent study by the AI ​​consultancy Workday, in which it is estimated that three out of four workers feel more productive thanks to AI. Behind that data there is a growing adoption of AI tools and a change in perception among professionals. However, this reality also implies a less visible one: part of that time gained you are missing out on reviewingcorrect and fine-tune what AI systems generate. Everyday use of AI in Spain. According to the data collected in the report “Beyond productivity: measuring the real value of AI” prepared by Workday, 74% of workers in Spain indicate they feel more productive thanks to AI, with 28% using it daily or 58% claiming to use it very often during their work week. That frequency of use of AIHowever, it is well below the global average which reflects a daily use of 46%. In any case, the increase in the use of AI translates into an average of time savings of between one and three hours per week for repetitive and administrative tasks, such as writing reports, analyzing or searching for data. ​These data coincide with the photo that the study of Indicators of use of Artificial Intelligence in Spain of 2024 prepared by ONTSI (National Observatory of Technology and Society), although in that case the perception is positive, only 11.4% of Spanish companies with 10 or more employees used AI technologies, which is revealed by a very limited business implementation. In any case, 85% of the users consulted report savings of between 1 and 7 hours per week. ​The problem of constant revisions. Satisfaction with the use of AI has the counterpart that 42% of Spanish workers dedicate up to one hour per week to review, correct or reformulate the result produced by AI, known as what has been called a “hidden tax“which stops part of the benefits. Adolfo Pellicer, Country Manager at Workday confirms that the use of these tools requires review and supervision of the results. “There is a hidden impact of AI at work. The report shows us that almost 40% of the time saved with the use of AI it ends up being lost in correctingreview and redo what the information that AI gives us,” said Pellicer. in statements to Computer World. AI digital natives. The youngest employees, between 25 and 34 years old, account for 46% of the cases with the highest review burden, since they use AI more frequently. 77% of these users verify AI results more rigorously than human-generated work. This generates additional exhaustion in these profiles. In departments such as human resources, 38% of employees need to review AI results due to the high number of errors reported. For its part, in the technical and IT departments, with a 32% increase in the use of AI, the tool has been better integrated, generating better results and content that requires fewer and fewer modifications. ​Training in companies: the pending signature. Although 66% of global leaders cite skills training as a top priority for leveraging AI, only 37% of employees who regularly use it admit to having access to these training programs. According to the report data From ONTSI, in Spain, this disconnection is worsened because 78% of workers demand more digital tools and training to use them, but adoption remains low: only 11.4% of companies with 10 or more employees used AI in 2024. In Xataka | Firing a worker because an AI “does its job” sounds very tempting. China wants to make it inappropriate Image | Unsplash (ThisisEngineering)

They are the largest product experiment in the world

Tu Le, founder of Sino Auto Insightshe explained in the podcast High Capacity How what Toyota took 36 months or more to develop (from design to production), companies like BYD or XPeng complete in 12 or 16 months. Modular platforms, digital simulations, OTA updates… all of this has replaced classic industrial processes. And they test features that almost no Western manufacturer would dare to include. Why is it important. What Toyota took three years to develop (design, prototype, validate, produce…), companies like BYD or XPeng execute in just over a year. And without reducing quality. What they do is change the process: They use modular platforms that stretch without redesigning everything. Digital simulations instead of physical prototypes. And software updates that improve the car after purchasing it, as Tesla already marked the rest of the industry. It’s a real-time product experiment. If a feature is unused or buggy, they send an OTA update after a few days. If a model is not selling well, they update it in 12 months. It is the logic of consumer electronics applied to the car. In detail. Chinese cars incorporate features that in the West might seem absurd or reckless. BYD, for example, sells models with drones on the roof that can fly out following us. NIO installs chips whose performance is disabled for months until an update activates them, which serves to increase the value of the car over time instead of simply depreciating it. They are proposals that reflect that they understand a consumer much younger than the average Mercedes buyer in Europe, hyper-digitized and accustomed to everything responding instantly. BYD’s ultra-fast charging promises times “as fast as refueling gasoline”. XPeng and NIO assisted driving systems They already operate on long-distance trips with minimal driver intervention. The aforementioned Tu Le and his colleague Lei Xing drove from Beijing to Shenzhen using the XPeng system for 90% of the trip. They then repeated the route on a NIO using only battery swapping. Both experiences worked. Between the lines. The founders of these companies do not come from the automotive world. Li Xiang (Li Auto), Li Bin (NIO) and He Xiaopeng (XPeng) come from the world of the Internet and apps. When they decided to make cars, they didn’t start thinking about factories or supply chains. They thought about user experience, interface and functionality. Then they learned to manufacture from that. This change in the process explains a lot: a traditional manufacturer begins to optimize thinking about industrial efficiency, one born in technology optimizes for the user and then decides how to take that to production. The context. China sold 25 million vehicles in 2025. One in every two was electric or hybrid: more than 12 million units. In that mass market, any product experiment has instant and scale feedback. If something works, it is replicated within weeks. If it fails, it is corrected just as quickly. BYD went from 700,000 units six years ago to 4.6 million in 2025manufacturing its own chips and batteries. Vertical control that allows you to iterate faster than any competitor dependent on external suppliers. And now what? Volkswagen invested in XPeng and will launch vehicles based on its platform this year. Stellantis bought 19% of Leapmotor in 2023. Ford licensed battery technology from CATL in 2022. They are implicit recognitions that the Chinese experiment works and the West needs to learn from it. Renault directly went there Learn how to build a cheap electric car in a short time. The question is not whether Chinese cars are better, but whether the rest of the industry can adopt this model of accelerated development without breaking everything built over a century. In Xataka | The year of Chinese consolidation in Spain: MG, Omoda and BYD close a spectacular 2025 and are among the best sellers Featured image | XPeng

Xiaomi’s high-end is back on sale with a bang. A powerful mobile with 1 TB and Leica cameras

Until next January 23, MediaMarkt will have its campaign active Downhill. Among all the offers there are some that have caught our attention, such as the Google Pixel 10 Pro or, in this case, that of Xiaomi 15T Pro of 1 TB, which has dropped in price to 799 euros in what is one of the best offers that the store has launched on this mobile to date. Other stores like amazon either PcComponents They have also lowered the mobile phone to the same price. The price could vary. We earn commission from these links A mobile with 1 TB He Xiaomi 15T Pro It is a high-end mobile from the brand that stands out both for what it offers at the hardware level and for the price, especially if we take this offer into account. At the design level it does not differ much from the previous generation, but it does. It comes with a different technical sheet, and quite good. It features a large 6.83-inch screen that offers both 1.5K resolution and a 144 Hz refresh rate. It is compatible with Dolby Vision and HDR10+ and inside we find the MediaTek Dimensity 9400+ processor along with 12 GB of RAM and 1 TB of internal storage. Its 5,500 mAh battery supports 90W fast charging and 50W wireless charging, its speakers are compatible with Dolby Atmos and its camera module, in addition to having the Leica collaborationis made up of a 50 MP main sensor, a 50 MP telephoto lens and a 12 MP ultra wide angle lens. You may also be interested XIAOMI Watch S4, Bluetooth Version, Advanced Professional Sports Mode, Quick Change 2.0 Bezel, 1.43 Inch Circular AMOLED Screen, Heart Rate and Sleep Monitor, Black The price could vary. We earn commission from these links XIAOMI OpenWear Stereo Pro, Open Ear Headphones, Bluetooth with Hook, Comfortable and Stable Use, 45h Battery, IP54 Water Resistant, Multiple Drivers, Hi-Res HiFi Audio, Titanium Gray The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Some of the links in this article are affiliated and may provide a benefit to Xataka. In case of non-availability, offers may vary. Images | Xiaomi In Xataka | The best mobile phones, we have tested them and here are their analyzes In Xataka | The best Xiaomi mobile in quality price: purchasing and comparison guide

a footprint in the snow is a death sentence

Ukraine is experiencing one of those winters that are not only remembered for the temperature, but for what the war does with her: constant below zero, snow, fog and entire cities forced to survive as if the 21st century had suddenly turned off. In this scenario, the cold is not a backdrop, but rather a damage multiplier. Winter as a weapon. Yes, winter in Ukraine worsens wounds, makes any displacement a punishment and, above all, turns civil infrastructure (heating, electricity, water) into the cruelest targetbecause it is not just about destroying military capacity, but about making everyday life physically unfeasible. Total thermal terror. Russia has intensified a campaign that aims directly at the thermal heart of the cities, seeking to make winter the dirty work: Drones and missiles hit substations, distribution networks and plants that support both electricity and district heating, not as collateral damage, but as a method. In kyiv, with millions of inhabitants, this translates in unheated buildingsentire days without supplies and a qualitative leap in anguish: breathing inside the house seeing your own fog, sleeping dressed in a coat, improvising heat with emergency solutions and assuming that, if you have a small child, courage is no longer measured in holding on, but in fleeing in time. The goal is not just to shut down the city, but to push it towards the psychological limit where people begin to consider concessions, internal fractures and political fatigue. kyiv, vulnerable from the air. The capital continues to be a symbol and that is why it is being punished insistently: Russia cannot take it with ground forces, but it can can make it uninhabitable with repeated attacks from a distance, and cadence matters as much as power. The blows come in waves that seek to cut theto city of the general network and, when the teams try to repair, hit again right where work is being done, with a direct human cost in injured or dead energy technicians. Thus, anti-aircraft defense becomes a race of attrition that consumes ammunition, and the local administration is forced to prioritize the minimum so that the city does not collapse (subway, water or critical services) while the rest falls into a domestic gloom where the cold rules. Towards war thermal. On the contact line, winter not only freezes bodies: also visibility. Russia has tried take advantage of the fog thick as a natural curtain to move units and attack when enemy drones see worse, but the advantage lasts as long as it takes the rival to adapt. Ukraine has responded with logical evolution: more equipped drones with thermal cameras capable of “seeing” through fog because they do not look for shapes or colors, but rather heat and infrared contrast. From there, the battlefield stops being a landscape of visual camouflage and becomes a physical map where what gives away is no longer what is seen, but what it emits. The disappearance of the tank. Russia, sensing the opportunity provided by the extreme cold, has begun to “delete” their armored vehicles of the thermal spectrum with camouflage like the Nakidkaa type of coating designed to break up the vehicle’s infrared signature and make it difficult for a sensor to pick it out from the icy environment. In a winter where the bottom is pure cold, any source of heat becomes a beacon, so the survival of heavy material depends less and less on its armor and more and more on his ability not to give himself away. This also reflects a changing era: protection is no longer just steel and mobility, it is signature management, discipline and deception against sensors that never blink. The new eye on the front. The war has moved from the visual plane to thermal with a crudeness that redefines even the idea of ​​“being hidden”: a drone with thermal scope It can remain over an area for a long time, feeding a chain of objectives where any human presence, equipment, battery or generator ends up giving itself away. The most punished is not fast movement, but stationary life: observation posts, command centers, rest areas, drone teams, shelters with stoves and generators, places where you live more than fight. First it is detected, then it is observed, confirmed and activity is collected, and only then comes the hit with FPV, heavy drones “Baba Yaga” type or artillery, often at night, when the darkness protects less than ever and the thermal contrast is maximum. Footprints reveal more than anything else The heat trap. They remembered in a report from the Financial Times that the most repeated mistake with the arrival of winter is to think about appearance and not physics: the entrance to the shelter is camouflaged, the outline of the trench is covered, a net is placed, and still the position shines in the infrared. They don’t have to see you, they just have to see the constant anomaly, the repetition of a hot spot day after day, which is what attracts the attention of aerial reconnaissance. Often, soldiers do not even betray the secondary signs: heated floor, a smoking fireplace, the breath from a generator, heat leaking through an intake, electronics on, or even engine exhaust. Traces as a sentence. An analyst said this week that, in the Ukrainian winter, walking can be leave a written signature on the ground. The freshly fallen snow, extremely reflective, turns into a “dark” surface for thermal cameras, and recent prints appear as a lighter trace, not because they are actually hotter, but because of an apparent contrast created by physical changes. Thus, the boot compacts the snow, alters its emissivity and generates a difference infrared detectable during hours when the cold is intense. In conditions like this, the landscape not only shows where someone is, but where they were, and that is the most terrifying idea: in the absolute white of the Ukrainian winter, the steps can be a coordinate and the trail a invitation to an explosive drone who no longer needs … Read more

today it is winning contracts in Vietnam thanks to it

Ineco and Renfe have obtained the initial contract to develop Vietnam’s first high-speed linea 1,541-kilometer corridor between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh with a planned investment of 67 billion dollars. This macro project joins the long list of large railway constructions in which Spanish operators participate. Why it is important. Vietnam joins an increasingly extensive list of countries that have chosen to trust Spanish railway companies to develop their high-speed networks. Let us remember that Renfe already has more than three decades of experience in the AVE and it is the second most extensive network in the world. after china. The national market is saturated, for this reason and among other reasons, Spain has converted its railway model into a strategic export product. The contract in Vietnam comes after the visit of Pedro Sánchez to the Asian country last April, and is a symptom that the most important Spanish railway operators continue to have a presence in emerging markets. A corridor that would pass through almost the entire coast of Vietnam. Image: Óscar Puente (X) In detail. Ineco will lead the winning consortium together with the French company Artelia and the local RCIC, with Renfe Proyectos Internacionales as the main collaborator. Just like they count From El Economista, for more than ten months, the team will develop the technical, economic and operational feasibility study, in addition to the basic engineering that will define the scope, requirements and costs of the project. Ineco will be in charge of the railway layout, civil works, tunnels, structures, electrical supply and BIM methodology. This work will be the key for the Vietnamese Government to decide on the next phases of the project. A list that never stops growing. The Vietnam project joins a long list of railway projects outside Spain. The best known case is the Haramain High Speed ​​Railway in Saudi Arabia, where a consortium led by Spanish companies built and operates the 450 kilometers between Mecca and Medina. But the list is extensive: Renfe operates international services in France, Talgo has supplied high-speed trains to Uzbekistan and is present in the German market with a framework contract for up to 65 trains for FlixTrain, CAF manufactures rolling stock for Morocco, and Ineco and Renfe participate in projects such as Rail Baltica in the Baltic countries or the Dallas-Houston corridor in the United States. There is also collaboration on the Mexican Mayan Train and technical advice in multiple markets. Between the lines. The strategy combines public and private presence. Ineco currently has 134 contracts in 34 countries, and Renfe seeks 10% of its income to come from international markets in 2028, as account the middle. The public operator already has a presence in Saudi Arabia, France, Italy, Mexico and the United States, and has recently closed a strategic alliance with Central Japan Railway to compete together in high-speed projects. Since the beginning of the AVE. Spain began its commitment to high-speed rail in the early 1990s, with the inauguration of the Madrid-Seville AVE in 1992, and since then it has developed an extensive network and notable technical capacity in rail planning, construction and operation. Much of the reason why Spanish companies and public organizations have been able to successfully participate in international projects has been thanks to this accumulated experience of more than three decades. And now what. The next step will be to check if any Spanish operator or construction company also manages to position itself for the construction and operation phase of the Vietnamese AVE, the ballots are there. Furthermore, the Spanish presence in Asia continues to grow: Ineco maintains an office in Singapore, has worked in Malaysia and as well as indicates El Economista also shows interest in Thailand and Japan. The project would open its doors to a market of more than 100 million inhabitants. Óscar Puente has not hesitated either show your chest on social networksalthough it is truly true that Spanish companies are having an increasing presence in railway projects of such magnitude at an international level. Cover image | Sam Williams and Kabelleger / David Gubler In Xataka | Ten years ago, seeing the blue sky of Beijing was nothing short of a pipe dream. Until electric cars arrived

LiDAR has brought it back

On the same day in 979 that Hisham II became Caliph of Córdoba, Muhammad ibn Abi Amir (Almazor), his most faithful servant, began the construction of Medina Alzahira, the ‘shining city’, a magnificent palace-city to the east of the city and on the right bank of the river. For 20 years, while the Caliph lived locked up in Medina Azahara, the entire peninsula revolved around that small palatial villa. But power is a voracious monster and, more often than not, it ends up devouring oneself. Thus, on February 15, 1009, the people of Córdoba, raised in arms, expelled the weak Caliph, invaded the city of the Amirids, looted its treasures and vandalized it with infinite fury. Shortly after and to ingratiate himself with the masses, the new caliph (Muhammad II) ordered it to be razed, burned completely, forgotten. And boy did he forget. The glow that never goes out completely Torres Balbas explained that the ruin of Alzahira that was so complete that it left no echo of its name in local tradition, nor memory of the place it occupied. According to the historian Juan Quilesthe last historical mention of the ruins of the city is dated June 12, 1172. We had to wait until 1772, when a doctor and writer named Bartolomé Sánchez de Feria recovered the memory of the city and published a hypothesis about its location. There began an incessant search that has not borne fruit in the last two and a half centuries. Progressively, as Professor Quiles explains“the settlement of the Resplendent City has been moving, as if it were a spiral, from the center of the medina to its western end, to then pass along the banks of the river and head towards the east of the caliphal capital.” Now, the University of Córdoba is convinced that the search is over. One thing beneath the surface Antonio Monterroso Checa, a UCO researcher, has just found something near Alcolea, in an area called Cabezos de Las Pendolillas, about 12 kilometers from the city’s Mosque. For this, has reviewed more than 120 hectares in that area thanks to the data of the third LiDAR coverage of the Mining Geographic Institute. And it makes sense. A priori, there are not many more buried structures (compatible with architecture and urban fabric) that could have those dimensions in that area of ​​the river. However, as the authors themselves point outidentifying LiDAR-only structures is unlikely without field verification and is reminiscent of other hypotheses that have ultimately been discarded. A fight revealed There have been no shortage of voices against these findings. Many linked to other of those living hypotheses (such as those of Arenal/Fuensanta), which say that it is hasty to give too much credit to LiDAR without field work. And they are right: it is true that the data provided cannot confirm that the city is down there. However, it should not be ignored that, as they say from the UCO“this is the only proposal, of the twenty-two so far existing on the argument, that adduces certain and verifiable physical data” But it would be naive not to understand that what is at stake here is much more than the location of some stones: the discovery of such a site would be an injection of resources and work for the municipality (and the area). And that, of course, also counts. Image | Sergio Guardiola Farrier In Xataka | We have discovered two “Machu Picchu” lost in Uzbekistan. And that tells us a lot about the Silk Road.

three out of four workers have not improved their purchasing power in two years

Salaries rise, but they give less and less. At least that is the perception of three out of every four workers in Spain, who feel that They have lost purchasing power or they have not improved it in the last two years, despite having chained annual salary increases. This leaves an increasingly widespread feeling: working serves to cover holes, but not to live better. ​In response to this perception, the majority cut back on leisure and vacations to face basic housing expenses, shopping basket and paying bills. What is striking is that only a minority consider asking for a salary increase in 2026. They don’t make it to the end of the month. The photograph left by the last InfoJobs report It is that of a labor market in which 38% of workers have lost purchasing power in the last two years and 34% say that it has remained the same. This means that almost three out of every four employees have not perceived a real improvement in their ability to save or in its purchasing power. The survey indicates that only 28% claim to have increased their purchasing power. This situation occurs especially in young people between 16 and 24 years old who are entering their first jobs, so they start from a very low previous income. The salary in Spain. According to Eurostat data The average annual salary in Spain in 2024 was 33,700 gross euros, below the 39,808 gross euros that on average registered the European Union. But the averages leave room for interpretation. If we use the data collected by the last 2023 Annual Salary Structure Survey, The median salary in 2023 was 23,349 euros, while the modal salary (the most common) was within the limits of the Minimum Interprofessional Salary with 15,574.85 euros per year. Increases that do not compensate for inflation. The InfoJobs survey indicates that 52% of those surveyed have had a slight salary improvement and 6% recognize a significant increase. Even so, only 40% declare that they have improved their purchasing power, which indicates that a relevant part of these increases has been absorbed by inflation and the rising cost of living. Among those who have received salary increases, a considerable proportion indicate that their economic capacity remains the same or has even worsened. InfoJobs summarizes this gap by noting that “perceived increases are not translating into a real match with the cost of living.” Furthermore, moderation weighs on expectations of increases in the future and they expect insufficient increases in the coming months. 69% estimate that the salary improvement will be less than 1,200 euros gross per year (an increase of 100 euros gross per month) and half do not plan to exceed 2,400 euros gross per year. The payroll goes to housing and basic expenses. The spending structure reinforces the feeling of suffocation in which 92% of those surveyed have had to cut expenses. The InfoJobs survey indicates that dwelling and the shopping basket They add up to 44% of the workers’ monthly budget. Savings represent only 10% of the salary, which greatly limits the possibility of building a financial cushion or facing unforeseen events. Between the ages of 25 and 44, a stage in which mortgages or high rents are usually assumed, housing absorbs 26% of the salary. This implies applying cuts to spending, which are concentrated mainly on leisure and free time (78%), and on vacations and getaways, with 75% of workers having cut their budget to cover the essentials. ​Dissatisfied with salary. The survey reflects that 33% of workers are dissatisfied with his salaryespecially women under 35 years of age and people with low or medium salaries. Despite everything, the percentage of general dissatisfaction decreases compared to the 39% that was registered in last year’s consultation. However, this discontent does not translate into an intention to ask for a raise. Only 17% of workers plan to ask for a salary increase in the coming months, while 83% will not do so. Among those who do not plan to apply for it, just over a third attribute it to the fact that they expect the employer to take the step (21%) or to the fact that they have already had a recent review (16%). A complicated labor market. The majority consider it difficult to find a job that provides a substantial improvement in their current salary or working conditions, which causes a certain immobility in the active search for improvement by changing jobs, as is the case. how it was happening in recent years. The conciliation conditions appear as the most difficult aspect to improve for 45% of employed people, closely followed by the possibility of accessing better salaries, which 42% see as especially complicated. According to the authors of the report, “taken together, the data reflect a labor market that workers perceive as not very permeable to improvement, where progress in salary, conciliation or professional development is increasingly complex.” In Xataka | A study has compared the gap in public salaries vs. private companies in Europe and has found a problem: Spain Image | Unsplash (Emil Kalibradov)

What are they and how do they work when verifying that the message you receive is from who it says it is?

Let’s explain to you What are verified SMS and how do they work?a technology that verifies that whoever sends you a message is who they say they are. This is something that has been around for a few years now, but we are going to see it more and more to fight fraud and scams. Let’s start by explaining to you in a simple way first the concept of these messages, so that you understand why it is important that they be normalized and used more and more. Then, we will also tell you in an understandable way how they work. What are verified SMS and what are they for? One of the most popular online frauds and scams out there is smishingwhich is a type of phishing in which a cybercriminal sends fraudulent SMS messages in bulk posing as a company. In these messages, attach a link or false information with which to start a process to steal your data, your online service accounts and even money. This has caused trust in the SMS we receive from companies to erode. In fact, when we receive communication through this method, the recommended thing today is not to trust it. And of course, this makes this type of notice no longer meaningful. And this is where verified SMS come into play, although they are not really SMS but rather messages that use the RCS protocol. In them, companies and entities can show an indicator that indicates them as an official channel or account. In Spain, BBVA or Bankinter has been one of the first large banks to start using this method. This way, when you receive a text message on your mobile, you will be able to distinguish when it was actually sent by an entity that has verified its identity and when it is an unidentified one. Thus, if your bank has its account verified when it sends you messages and you receive an unverified one, you will know that there is something strange, even if the name is the same. How verified messages work Verified messages are sent using RCS protocol. RCS are a type of messages that are sent like SMS and reach you in the same place as regular SMS, but with advanced functions such as sending photos, audio, creating groups, etc. It is a alternative to WhatsApp integrated directly into your messages application, both on Android and iPhone. In Spain, it is already a protocol that works with almost all operators. Regarding the company verification processaccording to the standard defined by the GSMA Entities have to complete a process before sending messages that appear as verified. First, the entity must register its identity with name and logo, and submit them to an external certification by a third party that validates that the entity can use that name and logo. This verification company must be included in the trusted list of the recipient’s operator. Those who verify the identity of the entities that want to send these messages are those known as Verification Authorities. These can be mobile operators, private companies specialized in digital verification or even government entities. The verification authorities They depend on each country and its deployment of this technology. Therefore, let’s take the case of Bankinter, which has been verified by Movistar. When this bank sends you a text message, it will do so with the RCS protocol. And since your operator recognizes Movistar as a valid verification authority, and Movistar has verified that the message comes from Bankinter, the message that you receive from the bank will have the verification badge. But there is one last step that your messaging application takes. Because when you receive the message, your app automatically downloads the sender’s profile and runs a series of technical checks before displaying the verification badge. It will even check if the verification signature is still valid with new messages. So, a complex verification chain is generated with several steps, and only when all of them are completed will the message appear as from a verified sender. This way, even if a cybercriminal manages to breach the security of one of the steps, there are still others. These are all protocols for sending verified messages within the RCS standard. In Xataka Basics | RCS vs WhatsApp, Telegram and other apps: advantages, disadvantages and why you no longer need messaging apps

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