Spain

Spain has not yet enough batteries for its renewable boom

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The last blackout Monday, April 28 He has evidenced one of the vulnerabilities of the Spanish electrical system: weigh to advance in renewable generationthere is still the same challenge: energy storage. Insufficient growth. Spain has had A renewable boomS, but storage growth has not been able to keep up. Unlike countries like Germany, where Both sectors have evolved In parallel, in Spain it has been left behind. According to the data set out by Spanish Electricity, at the end of 2024 the installed storage capacity It was 3,356mwa very distant figure of the 22 GW target established by the National Integrated Energy and Climate Plan (PNIEC) by 2030. There is still a lot of work. The storage problem in Spain is not only a technical issue, but also regulatory and economic. Both Franc Comino, general director of Sonnen Spainand Manel Pujol, co -founder of Samara Energyhave stated for this medium that the main barrier is the absence of a regulatory framework that offers clear price signals to facilitate the integration of batteries. Specifically, Manel Pujol stressed that The current regulatory framework It excludes the participation of batteries not linked to self -consumption in balance markets, which slows its profitability and hinders its mass implementation. And not only batteries. The Spanish PHOTOVOLTAIC UNION (UNEF) has requested the European Commission to expedite the procedures to implement Grid forming. As has detailed For 20 minutes José Donoso, general director of the UNEF: “To have a more robust system we have to accelerate storage and use power electronics (Grid forming), that it is not yet being used because the European Commission is missing to approve the technical requirements. ” Systems that stabilize the network? Not only exists Grid forming but also the micro -redes. But deepen a little more in the Grid formingor network formation, refers to the capacity of certain storage investors to emulate the characteristics of traditional generators, maintaining the frequency and tension of the system autonomously, According to the economist. This technology allows renewable and storage facilities to function as a virtual “source of inertia”, providing stability in critical moments. It is not the only one. Also, there are the microredes that They represent a distributed model of energy management that combines renewable generation, storage and intelligent control systems. During the blackout, the micro -redes that could operate in “Isla mode” demonstrated their ability to maintain the electricity supply locally, disconnecting from the main system and avoiding collapse, has detailed Franc comino. In this context, Manel Pujol has stressed that the integration of residential batteries is already gaining ground, especially in solar projects, where more than half of the facilities they manage include storage, thus reflecting a positive trend towards the adoption of the distributed model. Financing. The price of batteries It has descended and it is expected that in 2026 the barrier of 100 dollars/kWh will be broken. However, the cost remains a barrier to small consumers, which slows their mass adoption. In addition, less than two months ago, the European Commission approved A aid scheme of 700 million euros to reinforce energy storage in Spain within FEDER funds. A possible solution. Franc Comino has indicated that to accelerate the penetration of storage, tax incentives must be applied: in the residential field through IPR and the industrialist through the Corporation Tax. Thanks to this measures, the initial cost of the batteries could be reduced and thus facilitate its large -scale implementation. For its part, Manel Pujol has stressed that access to public aid and the implementation of tax incentives should go hand in hand to prevent the cost of storage from becoming an insurmountable barrier for small consumers, especially in the residential field. Forecasts The future of the Spanish electrical system will depend on its ability to efficiently integrate energy storage and adopt advanced technologies such as gridforming and micrordes. In addition, Franc Comino has declared that the approved aids will not be enough if it is not accompanied by an extent in administrative processing and a regulatory framework that allows these technologies to be deployed quickly. For its part, Pujol emphasizes that the real challenge is not only in the infrastructure, but in changing public perception about storage and in developing a viable economic model so that the transition is accessible to all consumers. Spain has the opportunity to lead a new energy stage. The question is whether you will know how to move quickly. Image | Unspash and Kecko Xataka | Spain has opted for the plot, but has left the network thrown: how micro -redes fit the energy puzzle

Spain has made weddings a huge millionaire business that does not touch a roof

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In Spain Give the “yes I want” It is more than a demonstration of love and commitment. Weddings are also a great huge business that moves every year thousands of millions of euros, he uses thousands of professionals and a considerable part of the savings of couples is carried. And to show a button: according to The last report of weddings.net, the average cost of the links held last year in Spain amounted to 24,618 euros, 17% more That only two years ago. And so Not counting with the 5,200 of the honeymoon. Question of love (and euros). Weddings in Spain are tradition. And business. One that moves thousands of millions of euros. That is no novelty. What is curious is that its cost has grown in recent years to Recover the land lost in the worst of the financial crisis. Let’s see. If we take a look at the historical series, we verify that in 2005 the “invoice” of the links stood in Spain above the 25,000 eurosfigure that was reduced during the worst years of the recession until it was below 13,000 in 2013. The trend in recent times has been different. According to statista, in 2019 organize a wedding in Spain cost on average $ 23,400about 20,800 euros to change. The data coincides with the one that managed by the same dates the wedes.net portal, which placed the total invoice in 20,808 euros. According to the same platform, in 2022 that invoice had already grown until lightly exceeding the 21,000 euros And now its most recent report estimates it in 24,618. An ascending curve. Although it may be shocking, weddings are not exactly the same in all of Spain. Weddings.net He manages studies that show for example that on average the number of guests to a link in Murcia or Castilla-La Mancha far exceeds that of the weddings of the Balearic Islands, Catalonia or the Canary Islands. If we take into account that, the different price between regions and the varieties of criteria when preparing the studies (what is taken into account when estimating the total cost of a ceremony) is understood that The calculation It is not simple. His latest report leaves a clear idea: marrying comes out more and more expensive. Of 21,056 euros on average per link three years ago 23,750 in 2023 and 24,618 in 2024. The figure that has been calculated thanks to interviews with 6,700 couples They gave themselves the “yes I want” last year. The authors of the study also ensure that they have taken into account people from all over the country and covered a diverse sample in terms of ages, ethnic groups, rent, age and sexual orientation. Is it a lot of money? There is an interesting way to answer that question: compare the average cost of weddings held in the country with what (at least) a Spanish worker enters on average for a year. Exercise shows revealing conclusions, such as if we add the average bill of a link (24,618 euros) and the honeymoon (5,178) The total invoice (29,800) is equivalent to a good part of what the Spaniards perceive over a year, at least via salarieswithout counting extra sources such as income. According to the INE, in 2022 the “average annual gain per worker” was in Spain in 26,948 euros while the medium salary marked 22,383 and the modal (the most frequent) was around 14,586. The most recent data show that in 2024 the Middle salary (before taxes) It was from 1,987 euros a month. One year of work. During 2022 the average wedding price was 21,056 euros, amount to which the honeymoon’s invoice was added: 3,000 on average For those who traveled through Spain and 6,000 for those who decided to leave the country. If we take into account that data, the result is that a wedding with a standard trip abroad added practically the same than an average annual salary. Reviewing the invoices. That weddings reach these high figures is greatly explained by the cost of banquets, which take a considerable pinched pinched. If in 2022 a link It cost average 21,056 eurosabout 10,600 corresponded to that chapter. The second expense, quite a distance, was the wedding dress and the accessories, which were around 2,150. To that amount It is added The price of the pedida ring and the honeymoon. Last year the average budget for the newly married trip was 5,178. Maybe it seems a lot, but According to Bodas.net 89% of couples ended up making their bags stop vacation or at least one getaway (NINIMOON). But … how do you pay? The report is interesting because it also answers that question. And the conclusion is that a good part of the invoices are financed with what the guests contribute. “48% of couples pay the wedding obtaining money as a wedding gift, while 39% use their savings account,” Precise. This distribution of expenses makes Spain a large extent one of the nations that most invest in links. In 2019 statista elaborated A ranking With a dozen countries and Spain occupied second place, ahead of France or Portugal. It only exceeded it, where couples were spent on average $ 29,200. Images | Leonardo Miranda (UNSPLASH) and Victoria Priessnitz (UNSPLASH) In Xataka | In her crazy woman, Spanish weddings have found a way to be even more lavish: tattoo bar

Spain has fought the fight against gender violence. And it is translating into mortal failures

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A woman named Lina went to the police last January. His ex -part Viogén. This system, based on an algorithm, determined that Lina was a “medium” risk person. Three weeks later it was allegedly murdered For your partner. It is not the first time that something like this happens, and shows that we have a serious problem with our potential dependence on algorithms. The origin of Viogén. The Interior Ministry development In 2007 the Viogén system (integral monitoring in cases of gender violence). Among its objectives was to make a risk prediction and, depending on that prediction, monitoring and protection of the victims. How it works. The system is based on the collection and analysis from various sources such as police complaints, protection orders or criminal record. In the complaint, for example, a series of questions about the episode of the aggression, the situation of the victim, the children, the aggressor’s profile or the aggravating vulnerability, such as economic dependence are asked. Risk levels. From that evaluation one of the four levels of risk is assigned to each case (1 – low, 2 – medium, 3 – high, 4 – extreme). Each of them entails specific measures that may include from the allocation of telecare devices to remote orders. At the extreme risk, women have 24 -hour police surveillance. Viogén 2. The system has evolved since its creation and in recent months its second version has been implemented, Viogén 2. As explained in article 14the algorithm was updated with novelties such as eliminating the unreissented risk and hindering the inactivation of open cases. Thus, a new supervised inactivation modality appears that sets police control mechanisms for a period of six months extendable to one year. That makes it possible to monitor cases in which police experts have not appreciated the existence of risk for women or this is low. Zero protocol. There are also modifications that will allow the victim to request it in a “voluntary, manifest and repeated” way to inactivate cases of unattended risk, low or medium. Even so, the so -called “zero protocol” designed to minimize the risk of victims who express their desire not to denounce. According to the Macro -New Equalitythe vast majority of victims do not report, and therefore also protect them: institutions only have knowledge of 21.7% of cases according to said survey. Tragedies everywhere. The problem is that the system is not entirely effective. The alleged murder of Lina is the last example of the limited reliability of Viogén. In October 2024 a 56 -year -old woman She was killed Despite having asked for help even twice. Before, in 2024, another woman was killed by her partner and her It was also part of the Viogén system. The algorithm seems to minimize the risk. In the case of Lina, for example, the Viogén system allocated the “medium” risk for it, and that seems to happen on more occasions. In September 2024, 96,644 women were within the Viogén systembut only 12 of them were considered extreme risk, 0.01% of the total. Both the Minister of Equality, Ana Redondo, and the Minister of Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, They minimize errors Recognizing that “the model is not infallible, but saves many lives.” New alarm against AI and algorithms. In recent times we are seeing how there are more and more cases in which excessive confidence is granted to algorithms on especially sensitive issues used in administrations and public institutions. The AI ​​does not stop making mistake. It happened with the Veripol system using AI to detect false complaints: His real reliability was very debatable. Something before, in March, we lived the Ábalos Case scandal in which an AI used to transcribe the statements of witnesses and defendants made mistakes and ended up turning some paragraphs into a gallimatisms. The AI ​​system for facial recognition itself that is being used for example In video surveillance cameras in Madrid He has done too Jump alarms in privacy. In the United Kingdom an AI was used to predict crimes to the minority report, and Its results were unfortunate. Attempts to apply AI in judicial processes and police They have also generated worrying conclusions. Lack of transparency. These systems are usually also criticized for their lack of transparency. Veripol is a good example, but we had others. In 2024 we talked about the Bosco system, used by electricity companies to decide who and who cannot accept the social bonus for aid to the light invoice. The Government He refused to share the source code claiming reasons for public security and national defense. It is not a problem only from Spain: there is an algorithm that suggests to the US judges what convictions imposebut its code is a secret, for example. In such delicate issues, the lack of transparency on the functioning of these algorithms is especially worrying. There were no agencies for this? In 2021 the creation of A Spanish Agency for Artificial Intelligence Supervision (Aesia). It was apparently centered to monitor compliance with the Digital Services Law (DSA) on platforms such as great social networks, and in fact in 2022 Sevilla was chosen To house the first European Center for Algorithmic Transparency (Ecat). What about Aesia. More recently we have seen how AESIA finally wants to take shape with Its coruña headquarters and start operating in 2025 to theoretically focus on the application of the EU AI Law. Its objective is theoretically to carry out “measures for the minimization of significant risks on the safety and health of people, as well as their fundamental rights, which can be derived from the use of AI systems.” Both the case of Viogén and Veripol’s or what happened in the ‘Abalos Case’ are precisely likely to enter that area, and it remains to be seen if the activity of this agency manages to help both the algorithms used as well as its application are optimal. Image | James Harrison | National Police In Xataka | We live a concentration crisis. Experts … Read more

Portugal has wanted to shield energy from Spain: the light bill has been the first to pay the price

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Spain and Portugal closed last year proclaiming themselves of the energy transition, since 82% of its electricity It came from clean sources. Within this energy harmony in which both countries were walking together, it seems that it has vanished after the blackout of April 28. Short. Still without An official explanation Clara of the causes of the mass blackout, both Spain and Portugal They have established a joint committee to investigate what happened. Meanwhile, Portugal has chosen to suspend electricity imports from Spain as a preventive measure, According to Financial Times. A fragmented energy island. The Iberian Peninsula is considered an “energy island” for its limited connections with Europe. For this reason, both countries have been forced to each other to balance their electrical systems. However, the blackout has evidenced the fragilities of this interdependence and has led Portugal to question the level of energy dependence it maintains with Spain. In Xataka If the question is "a country can hold only with renewable energy"the answer is here next: Portugal Immediate repercussions. Before the blackout, Portugal imported up to 35% of its electricity from Spain. This flow not only covered the Luso Energy Deficit, but also allowed the neighboring country to store the Spanish surplus in its hydroelectric plants, acting as water batteries, such as has detailed The Financial Times. However, the abrupt cut of that supply has left the country exposed to a much more expensive electric market. In data. According to OMIEwholesale electricity prices in Spain fell up to € 10.24/MWh, while in Portugal they shot € 47.92/MWh. This price difference has put in trouble to Portuguese companies and consumers, especially those without long -term contracts that protect them from sudden rise in rates. There is a shy openness. On Thursday after the blackout, imports began to reopen again, but limited capacity has maintained high prices in Portugal. According to the RENthe Portuguese electricity operator has indicated that the import capacity will be limited to 1,000 megawatts per day until May 12, a figure that represents less than a fifth of the usual import volume. {“Videid”: “X88TF3K”, “Autoplay”: False, “Title”: “Save on your light bill: the best options to know prices on your mobile”, “Tag”: “Webedia-prod”, “Duration”: “258”} Future implications. As He has collected The Financial Times, the Minister of Energy of Portugal, Maria Da Graça Carvalho, has pointed out a gradual restoration of imports from Spain. However, Armindo Monteiro, director of CIP, the main business group in Portugal, has warned that the country “does not live or should live in electrical isolation”, and has underlined the need to review the safety and dependence conditions in an uncertain energy context. Image | Pxhere Xataka | Spain has opted for the plot, but has left the network thrown: how micro -redes fit the energy puzzle (Function () {Window._js_modules = Window._js_modules || {}; var headelement = document.getelegsbytagname (‘head’) (0); if (_js_modules.instagram) {var instagramscript = Document.Createlement (‘script’); }}) (); – The news Portugal has wanted to shield energy from Spain: the light bill has been the first to pay the price It was originally posted in Xataka by Alba Otero .

Spain has received more rain than ever this spring. And yet it is unable to get rid of the ghost of the drought

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Europe is not having a good time right now. Many weeks of warmer temperatures and rainfall in historical minimums, they are helping drought tentacles expand A wide strip that goes from the British islands to Crimea and the Anatolia. This is made clear by Copernicus’s latest report, the European land observation system. And yet, none of that has affected Spain. On the contrary, we have had months of unusual rains and whole weeks of temperatures below the average. The problem? In spite of everything, the vast majority of points in “alert” by drought They are on the peninsula. A ghost that comes to stay. If drought is a ghost (as we usually say, a little impossible, journalists), the southeast of the country is a delighted house. An Indian cemetery. With the exception of the coast of Malaga and Granada and the Catalan basins, the long Spanish Mediterranean arch is full of red dots (alert) and oranges (of concern for drought). But also of blue areas, of course. According to the report ‘Droough in EuropeApril 2025, the Tagus, Guadiana and Andalusian Mediterranean basins are the only ones in the entire continent that have had a positive rain anomaly. And there are the problem and the paradox. After all, this spring has become a perfect example to understand the problems that the country is going through: the problems to manage the hydrological reserves of the system in an integral way. Some problems that create distrust at all levels. Because, a few weeks ago, it was announced that the government changed the Tajo-Segura transfer game rules; But no special emphasis has been placed on the dirty war between both basins. In fact, no one is happy: while the Tagus Chair “See the proposal insufficient“Of the government, the Murcian irrigators They prepare mobilizations. All this while the Hydrological Confederation of the Safe It is immersed in controversies on manipulated data and lack of control. In what situation does all this leave us? As we commented a few weeks ago“After the rains of March and with the reservoirs of Half Spain to overflow” another battle began, who stays that water. It will not be an easy battle because, how has it been happening for 30 yearsIn the end we lose all. Image | Copernicus In Xataka | After the rains of March and with the reservoirs of Media Spain to overflow, another battle begins: who stays that water

We have second to second the data on the great blackout in Spain. They complicate everything even more

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The great blackout of April 28 left us all with more questions than answers. Now, with the “black box” of the electrical system in the hands of the researchers, the preliminary data, far from offering a simple explanation, have added a level of complexity to an unprecedented energy crisis. To begin with, what seemed like an abrupt power fall was rather a sequence of three impacts. We knew of two disconnectionsbut as confirmed by Vice President Third Sara Aagesen, there was a third incident exactly 19 seconds Before the blackout, at 12:33. This first shake, located south of the Peninsula, adds to the two already known in the southwest, which triggered the cascade of the network. Although the system was able to absorb this first alteration, its existence adds a new layer of intrigues to an intricate technical autopsy. Researchers face the forensic analysis of about 70,000 critical points that show data every 20 milliseconds. Unraveling the exact sequence in those five fateful seconds between 12:33:16 and 12:33:21, and now also in the previous 19 seconds, is what light will shed on the questions that Red Electrica still does not answer. What was the first domino card to fall? How did the rest of the system react? Were the backs failed? The volume and granularity of information They predict months of workas happened after the Texas blackout in 2021 or that of Italy in 2003, where the final responses took months to arrive. Fortunately, there is a deadline, imposed by the European Commission: Spain has three months to deliver its conclusions about the blackout and A resilience plan that, predictably, will have implications at the paneuropeo level. Collapse anatomy 12:32:57 on Monday, April 28. First blow. The frequency of the peninsular network experienced a slight fall, a few hundredths below 50 Hz. The system absorbed the oscillation in milliseconds, as in normal circumstances. But it was a first warning: a first loss of generation in the south of the registered peninsula 19 seconds before energy zero. The Investigation Committee has already baptized it as the “third event”, although chronologically it was the first. Has been discovered after scrutinizing in detail the log of Eléctrica Red, which monitors those 70,000 critical points by turning data every 20 milliseconds. 12:33:16. Second blow. A new and powerful oscillation in the southwest dynamite the available operational reserve. The frequency sinks this time below critics 49.85 Hz. Given this fall, converters of an important part of the photovoltaic generation begin to disconnect automatically to protect the equipment. 12: 33: 17-12: 33: 21. KO Technical. In just four seconds, the frequency fall is accelerated unrecoverable. The interconnection with France jumps, and then that of Morocco. The network loses 15 GW of power, the equivalent of 60% of the peninsular generation at that time. Then go black. Spain and Portugal sign their first energy zero. 03:30 on Tuesday, April 29. To restore service from black, network operators carry out a Black-Start unprecedented, first starting the pumping hydraulics, followed by combined gas cycles. Red Eléctrica announced that 99.95% of the supply It had been restored 15 hours after the blackout. No one in Europe had risen from scratch a network of this size with such a high proportion of renewable energy. Renewables in the epicenter of debate While technical research progresses with stealth, the public debate is a Theories Polvorín Waiting for answers. The hypothesis of a cyber attack He has flown the crisis from the first moment, despite the fact that Eduardo Prieto, director of Operations of Electric, will discard it sharply. Beyond that, the growing weight of renewables in the energy mix (More than 50% of production in 2024) has placed solar and wind energies in the eye of the hurricane. Its intermittent nature and its lack of synchronous inertia (the ability of conventional plants to stabilize the network thanks to its great rotating masses) They make the most vulnerable system to frequency imbalances. The electricity grid must maintain a constant balance between generation and consumption, operating at a frequency of 50 Hz. An important mismatch can compromise the entire infrastructure. Renewable sources, depending on the sun or wind, and connecting through power electronics (famous investors), do not have that mechanical inertia. Since there are solutions such as energy storage (batteries or pumping centrals) and “Grid Formers” (investors designed to stabilize the network), the question is whether the system is sufficiently adapted to renewables. A May 2024 Report Published by the Electric Red itself, not suspect. Entitled ‘General Criteria for the Protection of the Spanish Electrical System’, warned of the need for Adapt protection criteria before “the change in the generation mix of the current electrical system due to the massive entry of renewable energy sources.” The text recognized that, in areas with high generation penetration based on power electronics, “situations could occur in which the behavior of some of the current protection functions was not expected”, being able to lead to the “disconnection of large amounts of renewable generation”, causing possible serious imbalances. American analyst Russ Schussler It has been warning for years that replacing synchronous generators with investor -based resources (wind, solar) increases the risk of blackouts, and that the lack of inertia is a key factor. Jordi Sevillaformer president of Electrica, believes that the National Integrated Plan for Energy and Climate Peque of “Too Renewable Messianism” without sufficiently attending to these technical problems and the lack of investment. Images | Endesa, Fernando Rodríguez (RTE data) In Xataka | The total blackout of Spain has a suspicious number 1: a stabilization of the poor electricity grid

Spain wants to be the paradise of the data centers. The blackout has complicated that ambition

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Spain aspired to be The great HUB of data centers in Europetaking advantage of our surplus electrical capacity and the abundant physical space that we have available outside the large metropolitan areas. But The recent national blackout has exposed the structural vulnerabilities that could make this ambition derail, as analyzed The confidential. Why is it important. The data centers could attract up to 49,000 million euros in investments, representing a new form of industrialization for a country that has seen its traditional productive fabric diminish. In figures: The contradiction. The Spanish model has A difficult tension to solve that the blackout has put on the table: On the one hand, the commitment to renewable, necessary but variable. On the other hand, the nuclear abandonment plan, precisely those that give stability to the network. Yes, but. The data centers exceeded the blackout, as well as hospitals or radio stations, thanks to their support generators. However, the risk is in the perception of international investors. Seeing that a national blackout is a real possibility in Spain because it has already happened is something that can make them question their reliability about the Spanish system from something as basic as the energy supply. The competition. France, neighboring country, is the most notable rival: it is developing A data gigafactoría backed by the State and financed by United Arab Emiratesfed by a network where 70% comes from nuclear energy. Spain recovered from the blackout in a few hours – with some hard consequences along the way -, but perhaps it costs him more to recover from the problem of perception generated by such an event. The one who questions If you can guarantee basic stability that this industry demands … or if investors will prefer destinations with greater energy certainty. Outstanding image | Claudio Schwarz in Unspash In Xataka | “11 signs that you have ADHD and you don’t know it”: more and more people are self -diagnosis of mental health problems

With housing for clouds, Spain had never won so much with rentals

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If we talk about housing, Spain has always been a country of owners. Twenty years ago the percentage of households that resided in a house in its name It was 80%compared to just 9.5% rented (at market price). Things have changed since then. While families residing in their own homes remain a large majority, lease He has gained strength. That demand increase, added to tourist rental boomha Turned prices In recent years, especially in big citiessuch as Madrid or Barcelona. That reality has had an effect Beyond the market, in the rent of Spanish households: profits related to real estate has reached a record level. What does that mean? That those who pay income do so more expensive than everbut those who charge them have seen how their profits grew so much that, together, the country’s households had never entered so much through that way. The (Great) Footprint of the Rentals. The increase of rentals and The increase of tourist housing has not only tension the real estate market, deriving in protests such as those summoned to early April in dozens of cities in Spain or the famous “Key Revolution” held in October 2024. Its effect has also been clear elsewhere: the pockets of the landlords. Those who charge income, either for the rent of a home, a place or a garage, has seen how that source of income for their own domestic economy He shot In just a few years until reaching records. In fact, household revenues for that reason are in its highest level Since at least 1995. A percentage: more than 90%. The data is interesting for several reasons. First, because we usually think of large investment funds when talking about rent, the reality is that more than 90% of the properties that are leases as habitual housing and market price are in the hands of individuals. Natural persons. No societies or vulture funds. In fact, societies are owners of 8%. He reveals it The Bank of Spain in a recent report with data from 2021. The second reason is that in Spain they receive income from the rental of properties More than three million of people. A figure: 31.5 billion. If we can have an exact idea of ​​how much it ascends and what this huge flow of income related to the rental of properties, from houses to premises or garages, is thanks to the Tax Agency and its collection reports. In latestpublished recently and whose content has analyzed eldiario.es, it is revealed that last year the profits by leased real estate amounted to 31.5 billion euros. That is the fact of what homes perceive. To him would be added what they perceive through companies. It is the largest data of the historical series published by the Tax Agency, which dates back to 1995 and that except for some exceptions (for example between 2019 and 2020, coinciding with the pandemic) has maintained an ascending curve. As a reference, in 2023 the gross income of households related to the lease of real estate remained slightly below 29,600 million. If we look at 2008, he added 16,123, which has almost doubled since then. Gross household income (millions of euros) 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2024 Furniture capital 18,156 11,948 14,749 22,710 15,842 14,801 30,767 Leased properties 5,980 8,087 12,027 16,485 17,881 22,680 31.504 Patrimonial gains 2,452 11,619 24,808 10.507 13,320 18.122 28.818 Total capital income 26,588 31,654 51,584 49,701 47,043 55,602 91.089 Does the report relieve anything else? Yes, that this increase has consolidated the rental of real estate as the main capital income in Spanish households. What does that mean? For fiscal purposes, capital income is the income achieved thanks to assets such as investments, properties sold or rents, among others. In 2024 the latter (rentals) added 31,504 million euros, while the furniture capital remained at 30,767 and the heritage earnings in 28,818. That the first has climbed so much is not just due to the market or the rental boom. The Treasury himself has narrowed the siege to the tourist rental, which has made homes that were rented without declaring have emerged in the eyes of the Treasury. Why is it important? Because it was not always the case. In 2008, Spanish households entered 16,123 million through the lease of real estate while Furniture capital (Bank accounts, bonds, titles, etc.) generated about 22.7 billion. Coinciding with the increase in income via rent, Eldiario precise Another curious circumstance: rentals, furniture capital and heritage gains (surplus value of homes or shares) represent just over 10% of the total homes of households. It did not happen since 2008. The main homes of households remain those associated with work, which last year exceeds 753.4 billion euros. The income of the companies and other concepts complete the general photo exceeding 57.3 billion. What tells us about the sector? That the income of the homemade grows up is interesting in themselves, but it is still another symptom of the situation of the real estate market. Its increase coincides with the increase in rentals (of more than 90% in the last decade, according to The data of the idealist portal), The boom of the tourist floors and an increasing In record time. At the same time and given the difficulties in saving, achieving financing and becoming a owner, the rental option is gaining weight as a vital option. The INE estimates that in 2021 15.9% of households They resided in rent. In 2011 that percentage was two lower points (13.5%). Interestingly, a very similar figure, 15.5% of households, had second residence, which places them in the group of potential families that become homemade. Images | Nicolas Vigier (Flickr) and Joan Ggk (Flickr) In Xataka | Idealist has calculated the “effort rate” of the Spaniards to pay the rent. The panorama is not encouraging

The Chinese solution that should not take long to arrive in Spain

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In any corner of China – a restaurant, the reception of a hotel, each plant of that same hotel, a subway station, a neighborhood store – it is impossible not to stumble upon a box full of PowerBanks. They are everywhere and work simply: escapes a QR code with Wechat either Alipay, An external battery is released, and you can take it to load your mobile anywhere. It is not even necessary to return it in the same place: it is enough to find another station of the same supplier, an easy thing when there are literally thousands deployed in the cities. 88 PowerBanks at the Wuhu train station. Image: Xataka. Behind this little logistics miracle are companies like Meituan, Energy Monster, Xiaodian, Jiedian or Soudian. Companies that not only operate portable battery rental networks, but also created An almost invisible infrastructure, perfectly adapted to mobile dependence of modern Chinese life. The price is as modest as the service is ubiquitous: it usually is around 1 and 8 yuan per hour (from 0.12 to 1 euro), with a daily stop that rarely exceeds 50 yuan (about 6.5 euros), especially in high -transit areas. Some companies require a reimbursable deposit, which ranges between 50 and 200 yuan (6 to 24 euros), although many platforms have eliminated this requirement for their verified users. Do like us on this trip and Stay connected whatever your destination. Always navigate at high speed and With unlimited data with the ESIM from Holafly and forget about unpleasant surprises on the bill. Easy to install, keeping your physical Sim card to receive calls and No positions of Roaming. And with a 5 % discount! Council offered by the brand What if someone decides not to return the battery? Nothing dramatic, but does not go free either. In most services, such as Volt+, if the battery is not returned in 48 hours, an amount is automatically charged that usually surrounds 99 yuanes (about 12 euros) through the linked account. So, The rent becomes de facto In a forced purchase: you stay the PowerBankand they charge you for her. In addition, the penalty may vary if returned in another city other than the rental, or if the battery is returned damaged. 12 PowerBanks in a hotel that had the same box on its 33 plants. Image: Xataka. Image: Xataka. 8 PowerBanks next to the cash register of a restaurant. Image: Xataka. Another pair of boxes from different suppliers in another restaurant. Image: Xataka. Another great Powerbanks reserve in Shanghai. Image: Xataka. Image: Xataka. At the Shanghai train station. Image: Xataka. This ecosystem is not only useful for the user. The shops that house the stations receive a small commission for each rentalin addition to increasing the flow of customers, something that We have already seen in Spain with the neighborhood stores converted into packages collection points. It has become a new layer of urban services. Parallelism with Spain is inevitable. In our country, the implementation of Digital DNI This year, the progressive disappearance of physical cards – payment, loyalty, even driving card– They draw A scenario in which the mobile is not only accessory, but the core of our operational identity. It is no longer about not being able to call or send a message: running out of battery if we get used to leaving the portfolio at home is not being able to pay for anything, not being able to climb a train, not being able to be accredited before an authority. Just as China has converted battery rent into a trivialized need, Spain seems to integrate similar infrastructure if you want to sustain its transition to a 100% mobile life. And it would be logical to think that we will soon see stations of PowerBanks In coffee shops, gyms, bars or sporting events under an affordable micropago model. Years ago We talk to a Belgian company that proposed thisbut he hasn’t had so much tour. A future without physical wallets It implies a new, much more mundane risk: running out of battery will not be a condemnation of ilocalization or boredom, but a personal collapse. And as in so many other things, China already takes us a few advantage loaders. In Xataka | We have visited the Shenzhen falsification market: China is at another level when it comes to copying other products Outstanding image | Xataka

This map shows how the land will be within 250 million years. If fulfilled, Spain will be very lucky

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About 200 million years ago, the last supercontinent began to fragment. THE PANGEA DIVISION He gave way, very little by little, to the current geological composition. But that which separated will join again. The continents continue to movecolliding with each other, and a theory points out that it will be in 250 million years when another supercontinent arises. We have baptized it as PANGEA Ultimaand the truth is that it will give exactly the same what countries we have as neighbors. PANGEA Ultima. Plate tectonics It is curious because they continue to move under each other, and that is what has led to the theory of Continental derives. These movements are studied to understand the past, as well as to decipher the future, and one of those scholars is Christopher Scotese. This American geographer is the creator of the Paleomap Projectwhich seeks to show not only how the elements have moved these last 1,000 million years, but the prediction of that supercontinent future. And Scote elaborated This map: Who is the one who has inspired The one that opens this article: Curious neighbors. According to this, within 50 million years North America would have turned so much that Alaska would be in a subtropical latitude and Eurasia would also turn, but in the opposite direction, making Great Britain be closer to the North Pole. Africa will get closer to Europe and Arabia, disappearing both the Red and Mediterranean Sea and, within 100 million years, the Atlantic will start diminishing. It will be 150 million years when the Atlantic disappears as a result of being sucked by the American continent, bringing much more America and that block composed of Eurasia and Africa. And the culmination will occur within 200 million years how much that new supercontinent is formed, with the Indian as central sea and a curious neighborhood mixture. According to this model, Latin America would be more or less the same, but with African neighbors in the east. Cuba would be stuck to the United States, Greenland would be next to Canada (bad luck, Trump) and Spain would continue to bordered France and Portugal, but also with Italy, Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria. England would also have stuck to France and Korea would be in a curious sandwich between Japan and China. It will give exactly the same. But the truth is that it doesn’t matter what your new neighbors seem, not because, obviously, you will not be there to suffer them, but because it is possible that humanity has become extinguished by then. Not because we sometimes strive in it, but because conditions will not be the most suitable for the life of mammals. In a study Published in Nature, the researchers predicted that 92% of the land would be Inhabitable for mammals. The reason is that, in a simulation of the climate of this new supercontinent, it is estimated that the temperatures of much of Pangea Ultima will be more than 40ºC, but also the amounts of CO₂ will make the life of the mammals … complicated. Due to the number of shocks between plaques, there will be a great volcanic activity that will increase the CO₂ EMISSIONS TO THE ATMOSPHERA, heating not only the planet, but promoting that the levels of that co₂ bend to the current ones. In addition, the Sun will be 2.5% luminous at that time because its nuclear fusion rhythm will have increased and is something that will contribute to the planet, in addition, to be drier. Spain or so bad. It is not a panorama too encouraging, the truth, since plant life will also experience a massive extinction, but researchers point out that conditions may not be so bad in all parts of the New World. Thus, those closest to the upper part of the North Pole, could have cooler conditions that will facilitate a better adaptation to life. And Spain, Portugal, Morocco or England are in that stage. There is also the possibility that we become specialists in desert environments, becoming night animals in something similar to what is seen in ‘Dune‘. Alexander Farnsworth, one of the researchers who have simulated the climatic conditions of that future, also analyzed From the most serious point of view how life makes its way in Arrakis’s climate and points to that parallelism with the land within 250 million years. One more. Is it this how the land of within 250 million years will be seen? Namely, but there are several hypotheses formulated these last decades that, in one way or another, point to the existence of that supercontinent. One is Novopangeawhere the Pacific will close. Another is Auricawith the closure of both Atlantic and the Pacific. And another model is Amasiawith the union between Asia and America. And the model does not care, they are still similar to the Last Pangea And, after that new supercontinent, the estimate is that the Atlantic will open again, separating the countries and starting a new cycle of rupture. What will happen to life? Well, it will make its way, as the great Jeff Goldblum already said in ‘Jurassic Park‘, because mass extinctions … There have been several. Image | Caffete In Xataka | The land has moons that we do not know: exploring them is key to revealing the secrets of our solar system

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