We thought that the great challenge of veganism was vitamin B12. A study suggests that social relationships are

Whatever there is taken the step to veganismfor whatever reasons, knows that the most difficult thing is not to give up cheese or meat, but to face Christmas dinner with the family or the Sunday barbecue with friends, since food is an event with a great social component. In this way, when someone decides to radically change consumption habits in a predominantly omnivorous worldnot only changes the plate, but also social relations. Now science has determined the tactics these people develop in order to survive social frictions. The data. The study, published in September 2025is not limited to conducting a survey among vegan people to analyze the impact on their social relationships. What they did was exhaustive field work between 2017 and 2022, combining in-depth interviews, observation and netnography, which is the analysis of the behavior of online communities. where debates arise about it. The goal here was none other than to understand exactly where and how everyday interactions are “broken.” And above all how they tried to compensate in an almost innate way. Social fractures. The researchers here identified that tensions in a social relationship do not arise from a simple difference of opinion about the most ethical diet, but from what they have called “relational fractures”, which are divided into three very clear areas: Co-execution: The simple act of cooking with another person, such as a partner, or sharing a meal becomes logistically complex. What was once a fluid ritual now requires planning, separate pans, and constant negotiation to arrive at a common dish. Co-learning: Family traditions, like inheriting grandma’s secret meatball recipe, are short-circuited. This means that the exchange of culinary knowledge between omnivores and vegans often comes to a standstill. Activities that may be everyday activities, such as going shopping or choosing a restaurant with other people, become logistical minefields where one has to balance one’s ethical needs with the preferences of others to choose, for example, a restaurant with a menu that suits everyone. Survival kit. So, if relationships fracture, how do vegans avoid becoming isolated? The researchers here discovered that, to maintain social peace and navigate these turbulent waters, vegans develop four specific “relational competencies” that sometimes appear without them realizing it, which we see below. Decoding. This is the ability to “analyze,” meaning vegans learn to anticipate how others will react to their diet and evaluate whether the environment is safe, hostile, or simply curious. Depending on the impression you have, your behavior will adapt to the environment by being more or less open with the topic. Disengagement. The second pillar is to deliberately separate food from social interaction, as it means that one will eat their vegan plate while another eats animal products, prioritizing company and conversation over dietary friction. Chameleon effect. The third adaptation consists of integrating so as not to attract attention in the group. This may mean, for example, bringing food from home to a social gathering or ordering a basic salad at a steakhouse without comment, all to prevent veganism from becoming the central topic of conversation of the evening. Abandonment. The last adaptation that has been detected in some vegans is where they directly give up different shared plans, such as stopping going to certain restaurants or social events. Even, in extreme cases, a distancing has been detected in an interpersonal relationship, since it becomes toxic due to the tensions that are generated. It is not born from nothing. One of the researchers has been exploring “morality in markets” for years and this led her to talk about indigenous and animal consumption practices. In this way, veganism is something that has been scrutinized for a long time in different studiessince it is not just about choosing what to eat, but it is an ethical stance that the omnivorous environment often perceives as a challenge to its own social and cultural customs. The big conclusion that can be drawn from all this is that the transition to a plant-based diet does not only require learning to read nutritional labels or discovering new recipes, but also requires a profound social and emotional re-education.. The long-term success of a vegan lifestyle depends as much on resilience at the supermarket as it does diplomacy at the dining table. Images | Anna Pelzer Xataka | Protein powder has become the star accessory of modern wellness. Nutritionists have something to say

those who seek relationships with an AI

OpenAI is going to definitively withdraw GPT-4o next February 13, along with other old models such as GPT-4.1 and GPT-4.1 mini. The most interesting thing is that it’s not the first time that the company wants to end 4o, and the decision is not sitting very well with users, especially those who resist losing the ‘warmth and conversational tone’ of the model. It’s not the first time. In August 2025, OpenAI already attempted to retire GPT-4o after the release of GPT-5. The response was so overwhelming that the company reversed course in less than 24 hours and restored access. Of course, for paying users. According to explained Then Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, some users confessed to him that they had never had anyone to support them the way GPT-4o did, something he described as “heartbreaking.” Now, months later, OpenAI ensures that the new models GPT-5.1 and GPT-5.2 They already incorporate the personality and creativity improvements that those users demanded, and that only 0.1% continue to choose GPT-4o on a daily basis. Reaction. Just like share Mashable, on Reddit, especially in subreddits like r/ChatGPTcomplaints and r/MyBoyfriendIsAI, many users have complained about the news. “Let’s go to change.org and create petitions again. We got 4o back last time. We’ll get it back again,” wrote a user. another person claimed feeling “physically ill” and described the news as “devastating,” noting that two weeks’ notice is “a slap in the face” to those who have built creative projects or emotional support routines with this specific model. A petition on Change.org to save GPT-4o already exceeds 16,000 signatures. In addition, there have been many paying users who have threatened to cancel their subscriptions in protest. The underlying problem. To explain this phenomenon we must pay attention to two worrying concepts around the use of AI: sycophancy and hallucinations. GPT-4o was known for responding with excessive praise to even very basic and simple requests. OpenAI had to temporarily withdraw the model in April 2025 precisely because it was “overly flattering” and “often described as obsequious.” However, this same warm tone is what some users pursue. The problem is exacerbated when the chatbot begins to hallucinate its own ideas or role-play invented thoughts and feelings, which can lead some users to lose perspective that they are interacting with a machine, not a person. GPT-4o and relations with AI. The announcement has especially hit the MyBoyfriendIsAI subreddit, where users share their experiences and maintain what they describe as romantic relationships with personalized versions of ChatGPT. “My heart is in mourning and I have no words to express the pain,” wrote a person Another user described saying goodbye to “Avery”, the name he had given his chatbot, before canceling his subscription, describing the experience as “devastating”. That GPT-4o disappears on February 13, just one day before Valentine’s Day, has also been a disappointment for some. Just like they count Since Mashable, this community feels ridiculed and many of its members claim to have developed deep emotional bonds with this model. OpenAI promises alternatives. In your official statementthe company says GPT-5.2 includes options to customize the style and tone of responses, with base settings like “Friendly” and controls for warmth and enthusiasm. He also claims to be working on personality improvements, creativity and reducing “unnecessarily cautious or lecturing” responses. In addition, they also mention continuing to advance the ChatGPT version for over 18 yearswith greater freedom (within certain limits). Cover image | Solen Feyissa In Xataka | Programming is the new board of AI: OpenAI and Anthropic have made it clear with GPT-5.3-Codex and Claude Opus 4.6

the “bug” of toxic relationships

Love without a doubt is a really complicated matter to understandsince falling in love is not something mechanical or that has a great perfect theory behind it. There are several voices that try to shed light on this, with messages such as that one falls in love with whoever one wants. by the psychoanalyst Gabriel Rolón. But the truth is that Science has put the data on the table to understand loveand childhood trauma is undoubtedly very present. The theory of attachment. Formulated by John Bowlby and that suggests that the dynamic with our primary caregivers installs an emotional “operating system.” In this way, if there was security during childhood, a secure attachment develops, but if there were problems in childhood, the brain develops insecure attachments, whether anxious or avoidant. Current science has gone a little further and has managed to measure the duration of this effect, confirming that what happens in the first years does not stay there, but rather dictates the architecture of our future relationships. The trauma. A very recent study, published in 2025analyzed 1,404 university students using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. The results are devastating for those who believe that romantic love is random, since the research found a chain effect where childhood trauma not only bothersbut rather negatively predicts romantic satisfaction in adulthood. The most relevant finding of this study is mediation. The data statistically confirm that early traumatic experiences generate an insecure attachment, and it is this attachment style that triggers the low quality of the relationship that is formed. There is precisely a direct correlation that validates that, the greater the early injuries, the lower the neurological and emotional capacity to enjoy a partner, unless this mechanism is intervened. From adolescence to adulthood. If the 2025 study offers us a snapshot of today, a work published in 2008 gives us the complete movie. In this case, research was done with 559 young people from Iowa to track the subjects from their adolescence to early adulthood. The fascinating thing about this follow-up is how positive family interactions during adolescencecharacterized by warmth and low hostility, accurately predicted greater security of romantic attachment years later. This means that if the family environment resolved problems without aggression, the young person’s brain learned that this is the norm of intimacy, successfully replicating it with their partners in adult life. That is, much less toxic relationships were formed. A dangerous pattern. Perhaps the hardest part of the recent evidence is that it links these patterns not only to unhappiness, but to violence. A specific study confirmed that an insecure attachment derived from “harsh parenting” and hostile parents directly correlates with aggression in adult couples. Basically, the conflict resolution patterns experienced at home are modeled and repeated. In the same line, a study published in 2024 points out that repeated trauma alters internal models, increasing vulnerability. People with these wounds are not only at greater risk of aggression, but of tolerating abusive relationships because their internal danger “alarms” are out of calibration. Having normalized conflict since childhood, the brain does not identify toxicity as an immediate threat, but as a familiar environment. Are we doomed? In these situations, it is logical to think that if you have had a tough childhood with a complicated family environment, then all future love relationships will be doomed to be toxic. But the reality is that no, since destiny is not written in stone, although it is engraved in the neurons. The same study published in 2025 shed important light by discovering the social support clock, demonstrating that external support acts as a moderator capable of cushioning the impact of insecure attachment on the couple’s relationship. Images | Mayur Gala In Xataka | The science of being single: a macro study warns that well-being plummets if you have not had a partner by 25

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