The era of extremely slow hurricanes is here

“I am speechless at how chilling these images are.” With those words, the meteorologist behind Backpirch Weather described what all the experts think seeing how Melissa reached 233 km/h and 941 mbar. That is, seeing live and direct, how “the hurricane reached an almost perfect symmetry 185 kilometers south-southwest of Kingston” (Jamaica). Above all, because (according to the National Hurricane Center) it is a matter of time before it reaches category 5 and, right after, provoke on the island “damage with little or no precedent.” A worrying trend. Melissa has been on the radar of everyone who monitors the hurricane corridor for days now. In fact, he had begun to attract attention for something curious: It was moving extremely slowly.. Now, Melissa moves at about seven kilometers per hour, but during these days she has reached three. This fits with research in recent years that suggests that the speed of hurricanes has been decreasing. And that decrease is important because “a slower-moving storm generally means more flooding and potentially more storm surge.” But Melissa wants to be more than just a trend. Because, how they explained MeteoredHurricane Melissa “has undergone explosive intensification and could reach Category 5 before making landfall in Jamaica.” 12 hours were enough. And things are going to get more serious: “the European model anticipates rains of more than 500 mm in eastern Jamaica, southwest Haiti and eastern regions of Cuba.” It is true that, As Michael Lowry pointed out“if Melissa has demonstrated anything today, it is the difficulty of predicting intensity fluctuations when hurricanes peak”; but, as he hastened to add, “in any case, the mighty Melissa stands firm.” What’s more, the videos that arrive are creepy. What is to come. As explained Álvaro OliverMelissa “has category 4 and it is not unusual for it to even reach 5, with winds exceeding 250 km/h.” But the peculiar thing will be what we said, its “very slow movement.” That could trigger the rains and cause a “great devastation in the next three days.” In Cuba They will displace almost a million peoplebut the Jamaicans don’t have much of an escape. And it is that, precisely that, that can trigger a disaster in slow motion. The next few days are going to be key not only to save hundreds of people; but also to understand why the Caribbean is becoming a death trap. Image | CIMSS (via Alvaro Oliver) In Xataka | If the question is what happens when a hurricane enters an extratropical transition, we will see the answer on Sunday: Gabrielle is at the doors

A strangely calm hurricanes season approaches a final uncertain stretch

September 10 is a date marked in the calendars of hurricane -expert meteorologists. It is the date on which the Atlantic hurricanes season usually achieves its peak of activity. But the decreasing trend in the average activity of Atlantic cyclones should not deceive us: there is still a season ahead. We enter the final stretch. According to Experts remember NHC (National Hurricane Center), the American center dedicated to the study of hurricanes, 60% of the activity of hurricanes occurs, generally, after this peak. That is, despite having already gone through the temporary Ecuador of the season (which begins on June 1 and ends on November 30), we could still have more than half of the cyclonic activity ahead. NHC meteorologists also remember that the activity in this part of the season tends to affect the western zone of the North Atlantic, the most vulnerable area to this type of storm because it is in North America and the Caribbean where they usually touch earth. A quiet season. When the Atlantic hurricane season began, there for June, experts predicted a relatively quiet season, but the data show an even greater meekness than expected. When measuring the intensity of a hurricane season, different measures can be used such as the number of storms named, hurricane number, sum of the days with active hurricanes, etc. Another useful measure is that of the index of accumulated cyclonic energy (ACE). According to The data of the Tropical Meteorology Project of the State University of Colorado (CSU), at this point in the hurricane season, the expected Ace based on the Atlantic weather would be 55.8, while the ACE observed is only 39. This implies that the observed data are 30.1% lower compared to those initially expected. Erin, the disruptive force. In addition, there is the circumstance that most of this energy is due to a single hurricane, Erin. Erin’s Ace was 32.2which represents about 82.6% of the total season. What’s happening. That this year’s season was less intense than the previous one was to wait: the temperature in the Atlantic, even though it has not reached the extreme levels seen in recent years and the oscillation of the child has remained in a kind of indecision. A Recent study Led by the meteorologist of the CSU Philip Klotzbach, he highlighted three reasons that could explain to a good extent what we are observing, starting with an “dry and stable” Atlantic. The second of the factors highlighted by the team is a channel pronounced in the high troposphere capable of increasing the vertical wind shear (one of the two determining factors, together with the oceanic temperature, in the formation of hurricanes). The third and last factor would be a descending movement over the African continent, which would be affecting rainfall in West Africa and with it the intensity of waves in the region. What can we expect. Klotzbach’s team coincides with NHC experts to emphasize the possibility that the season resume intensity from this month. “We anticipate that the resume season (intensity), since large -scale conditions seem more tropical and favorable to cyclones later in September,” explain in your text. Therefore they recommend not changing seasonal forecast. The initial estimate of the Tropical Meteorology project of the CSU indicated that the expected oil for the end of the year It is 122.5. On the other hand, if we take the last data (39) and apply the estimate that 60% of the activity occurs in these last months of the season, we would have an expected oil around 100. We will have to wait to see if the trend continues or if on the contrary we see if this season steps on the accelerator in its last months of activity. In Xataka | The walls against hurricanes no longer work and Darpa has the solution: a wall of oysters and corals Image | Hurricane Erin. NASA Earth Observatory by Michala Garrison, using NASA EOSDIS Lance, GIBS/WorldView, and Suomi National Polar-Footing Partnership.

We needed more than ever a way of predicting better storms and hurricanes. AI has solved the problem

Among the areas in which Google Deepmind works, Meteorological prediction It is one of the most precision is obtaining thanks to the refinement of artificial intelligence tools designed for it. And the company has just demonstrated that AI can overcome traditional methods in hurricane prediction. And is that your model Weather Lab managed to forecast more accurately The trajectory and intensity of Hurricane Erinwhich went from tropical storm to Category 5 in less than 24 hours A few days ago. The first real exam. Until now, the meteorological models were a promise. Hurricane Erin became the first real -time fire test for the Google system. During the first three critical prediction, the artificial intelligence model exceeded the official forecast so much of the National Center for American Hurricanes such as several traditional physical models, including the most reliable Europeans and American. How it works. Traditional models are based on complex physical equations that recreate current atmospheric conditions: humidity, pressure, temperature. Google’s approach It is radically different. Its AI has been trained with a massive data set that includes historical weather information of the entire land and a specialized database with details of almost 5,000 cyclones observed during the last 45 years. “They match these long historical data with details about how hurricanes behave and statistically combine them to see patterns that the human eye could not detect,” Explain James Franklin, former head of the Hurricane Specialists Unit of the National Hurricane Center. Why does it matter so much. The precise prediction of hurricanes is vital to know what type of measures are needed to protect themselves from them in case of emergencies. The three to five forecast days are crucial to make decisions about evacuations and preparation measures. In Google’s internal tests With storms of 2023 and 2024, its model managed to predict the final location of the cyclones with about 140 kilometers more precision than the European model (ECMWF), considered the most exact available. Exceptional performance. Franklin stands out The performance of the Google system: “It really surpassed the other guides in terms of intensity. It captured the general form of the change of the life cycle almost exactly. practically without error.” The model not only succeeded in the trajectory, but predicted with surprising precision how Erin’s intensity would evolve throughout his life cycle. Still in development. Despite success, the Google model is not ready for public use. Weather Lab includes a warning that recommends trusting the official forecasts of the National Hurricane Center. However, Franklin It is optimistic About the future: “For next year, you will receive a very serious look and will really play a role in the forecasts that leave the Hurricane Center.” Cover image | Brian McGowan In Xataka | It is no longer necessary to pay to transform our photos into what we want. The latest Google offers it for free for everyone

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