data

We have second to second the data on the great blackout in Spain. They complicate everything even more

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The great blackout of April 28 left us all with more questions than answers. Now, with the “black box” of the electrical system in the hands of the researchers, the preliminary data, far from offering a simple explanation, have added a level of complexity to an unprecedented energy crisis. To begin with, what seemed like an abrupt power fall was rather a sequence of three impacts. We knew of two disconnectionsbut as confirmed by Vice President Third Sara Aagesen, there was a third incident exactly 19 seconds Before the blackout, at 12:33. This first shake, located south of the Peninsula, adds to the two already known in the southwest, which triggered the cascade of the network. Although the system was able to absorb this first alteration, its existence adds a new layer of intrigues to an intricate technical autopsy. Researchers face the forensic analysis of about 70,000 critical points that show data every 20 milliseconds. Unraveling the exact sequence in those five fateful seconds between 12:33:16 and 12:33:21, and now also in the previous 19 seconds, is what light will shed on the questions that Red Electrica still does not answer. What was the first domino card to fall? How did the rest of the system react? Were the backs failed? The volume and granularity of information They predict months of workas happened after the Texas blackout in 2021 or that of Italy in 2003, where the final responses took months to arrive. Fortunately, there is a deadline, imposed by the European Commission: Spain has three months to deliver its conclusions about the blackout and A resilience plan that, predictably, will have implications at the paneuropeo level. Collapse anatomy 12:32:57 on Monday, April 28. First blow. The frequency of the peninsular network experienced a slight fall, a few hundredths below 50 Hz. The system absorbed the oscillation in milliseconds, as in normal circumstances. But it was a first warning: a first loss of generation in the south of the registered peninsula 19 seconds before energy zero. The Investigation Committee has already baptized it as the “third event”, although chronologically it was the first. Has been discovered after scrutinizing in detail the log of Eléctrica Red, which monitors those 70,000 critical points by turning data every 20 milliseconds. 12:33:16. Second blow. A new and powerful oscillation in the southwest dynamite the available operational reserve. The frequency sinks this time below critics 49.85 Hz. Given this fall, converters of an important part of the photovoltaic generation begin to disconnect automatically to protect the equipment. 12: 33: 17-12: 33: 21. KO Technical. In just four seconds, the frequency fall is accelerated unrecoverable. The interconnection with France jumps, and then that of Morocco. The network loses 15 GW of power, the equivalent of 60% of the peninsular generation at that time. Then go black. Spain and Portugal sign their first energy zero. 03:30 on Tuesday, April 29. To restore service from black, network operators carry out a Black-Start unprecedented, first starting the pumping hydraulics, followed by combined gas cycles. Red Eléctrica announced that 99.95% of the supply It had been restored 15 hours after the blackout. No one in Europe had risen from scratch a network of this size with such a high proportion of renewable energy. Renewables in the epicenter of debate While technical research progresses with stealth, the public debate is a Theories Polvorín Waiting for answers. The hypothesis of a cyber attack He has flown the crisis from the first moment, despite the fact that Eduardo Prieto, director of Operations of Electric, will discard it sharply. Beyond that, the growing weight of renewables in the energy mix (More than 50% of production in 2024) has placed solar and wind energies in the eye of the hurricane. Its intermittent nature and its lack of synchronous inertia (the ability of conventional plants to stabilize the network thanks to its great rotating masses) They make the most vulnerable system to frequency imbalances. The electricity grid must maintain a constant balance between generation and consumption, operating at a frequency of 50 Hz. An important mismatch can compromise the entire infrastructure. Renewable sources, depending on the sun or wind, and connecting through power electronics (famous investors), do not have that mechanical inertia. Since there are solutions such as energy storage (batteries or pumping centrals) and “Grid Formers” (investors designed to stabilize the network), the question is whether the system is sufficiently adapted to renewables. A May 2024 Report Published by the Electric Red itself, not suspect. Entitled ‘General Criteria for the Protection of the Spanish Electrical System’, warned of the need for Adapt protection criteria before “the change in the generation mix of the current electrical system due to the massive entry of renewable energy sources.” The text recognized that, in areas with high generation penetration based on power electronics, “situations could occur in which the behavior of some of the current protection functions was not expected”, being able to lead to the “disconnection of large amounts of renewable generation”, causing possible serious imbalances. American analyst Russ Schussler It has been warning for years that replacing synchronous generators with investor -based resources (wind, solar) increases the risk of blackouts, and that the lack of inertia is a key factor. Jordi Sevillaformer president of Electrica, believes that the National Integrated Plan for Energy and Climate Peque of “Too Renewable Messianism” without sufficiently attending to these technical problems and the lack of investment. Images | Endesa, Fernando Rodríguez (RTE data) In Xataka | The total blackout of Spain has a suspicious number 1: a stabilization of the poor electricity grid

Spain wants to be the paradise of the data centers. The blackout has complicated that ambition

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Spain aspired to be The great HUB of data centers in Europetaking advantage of our surplus electrical capacity and the abundant physical space that we have available outside the large metropolitan areas. But The recent national blackout has exposed the structural vulnerabilities that could make this ambition derail, as analyzed The confidential. Why is it important. The data centers could attract up to 49,000 million euros in investments, representing a new form of industrialization for a country that has seen its traditional productive fabric diminish. In figures: The contradiction. The Spanish model has A difficult tension to solve that the blackout has put on the table: On the one hand, the commitment to renewable, necessary but variable. On the other hand, the nuclear abandonment plan, precisely those that give stability to the network. Yes, but. The data centers exceeded the blackout, as well as hospitals or radio stations, thanks to their support generators. However, the risk is in the perception of international investors. Seeing that a national blackout is a real possibility in Spain because it has already happened is something that can make them question their reliability about the Spanish system from something as basic as the energy supply. The competition. France, neighboring country, is the most notable rival: it is developing A data gigafactoría backed by the State and financed by United Arab Emiratesfed by a network where 70% comes from nuclear energy. Spain recovered from the blackout in a few hours – with some hard consequences along the way -, but perhaps it costs him more to recover from the problem of perception generated by such an event. The one who questions If you can guarantee basic stability that this industry demands … or if investors will prefer destinations with greater energy certainty. Outstanding image | Claudio Schwarz in Unspash In Xataka | “11 signs that you have ADHD and you don’t know it”: more and more people are self -diagnosis of mental health problems

Now they have a serious safety problem and data leakage

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During pandemic and Forced adoption of teleworkingsome bosses forced their employees to Install monitoring system in the teams of their employees to control that they really work during their day. As published Tom’s Guidea cybersecurity team has notified that millions of screenshots of one of these monitoring systems are accessible to anyone, compromising the safety of the companies that hired this service. The distrust of the bosses. The specialized media in Cybernews cybersecurity It echoed what they describe as one of the greatest security leaks of the Workcomposer companywhich offered a monitoring service in more than 200,000 corporate computers in companies around the world. The monitoring service offered attend to your personal affairs. These monitoring systems were the focus of An ethical and legal debatebut if the computer was from the company, it had the right to install the software that would believe timely. The day captures. All these monitored equipment generated dozens of millions of periodic screenshots throughout the day. These captures recorded all kinds of confidential information of companies, which employees used daily: emails, internal documents, accounting data, etc. The employee was not aware of what time the monitoring application He was taking a capture of his screen, so he could not have avoided the capture of this compromised data. In addition to all this data, the screenshots would have captured credentials of access to other companies of the companies if the screenshot occurred just at the time when the employee was accessing the service, which would mean a serious risk to their safety. A millionaire gap. According to Cybernews, the security gap could affect about 21 million captures stored on a Amazon S3 server that did not have adequate access security measures. That allows anyone to make the appropriate search to access the entire catalog of captures that is stored there. This has left all the companies that have used the workcomposer remote monitoring service in a vulnerability situation before attacks of impersonation of identity due to the theft of credentials and internal data escape. In addition, since it is not an attack on a certain service, the affected companies do not know the scope of the filtration, which will force them to review all the credentials and sensitive information that has captured the monitoring system. The RGPD knocks on your door. On the other hand, the massive filtration of these catches will put both affected companies and Workcomposer in a complicated situation. From Xataka we have tried to obtain statements from the company that manages this application, but we have not obtained an answer. He General Data Protection Regulation (RGPD) in force in Europe, and some US laws such as California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)they establish that the company that captures this data is the responsible for its custody and protection. The negligence to house millions of images with confidential information on a server without minimal security can cost you millionaire sanctions. In Xataka | Companies that have eliminated teleworking are facing a big problem: they take longer to cover their vacancies Image | Unspash (Boitumelo)

How to prevent Instagram from using your data to train goal AI

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Let’s explain How to prevent Instagram from using your data To train Goal AIits artificial intelligence assistant. This is that blue circle icon that has appeared and that we cannot remove, and in addition to that the social network will start using your data to improve it. Instagram will use Your publications, your photos, your personal tastes and even your private messages (except if you are under 18) to train your artificial intelligence model. This will be activated by default, but not to inflict the laws, an option is hidden in its configuration to tell you that you do not want you to use your data. Prevents Instagram from using your data to train your AI The first thing you have to do is enter the Instagram configuration by clicking on the three -stripes icon. Once within the menu of Configuration and activitygo down to the whole, and click on the option Information What do you have within the section More information and help. This will take you to the information options screen. In it, click on the option Privacy Policy That you have in second place. This will take you to a screen where many things about privacy on Instagram will be explained. In it, click on the link Oppose you which will appear highlighted within the text. This will take you to a page where you have an explanation of the information used to train ai ai. Here, Below you have a form With a writing field where you have to follow the steps to indicate how data processing affects you and why you do not want to allow them to be used. There is a good alternativeand that is that the Citizen8 group has created this website. In it, you have two links to which An email and its text are generated To ask Facebook or Instagram not to collect your data. You just have to make sure to send it with the email account with which you have the record with them and voila. In Xataka Basics | Artificial Intelligence Guide: Main characteristics of the main models of AI, points for and against, and comparative

It also offers an antivirus and other tools to keep our data safe

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The Internet is a wonderful window, but houses dangers. Press in a link that we should not or download a file with harmless appearance can end a virus or some type of malware on our computer. The best thing we can do is have an antivirus that protects us And one that offers a great value for money is Surfshark: It comes out by 2.49 euros a month and comes with VPN and much more. Surfshark One Subscription – Monthly * Some price may have changed from the last review Surfshark one comes with antivirus, vpn and much more As a general rule, when we usually refer to Surfshark we do it to talk about its VPN. On this occasion, we do it from its Surshark One Plan, which includes a good number of tools to protect our data or our Internet traffic. Among them, The one that highlights the most is your antivirus. This, in addition to working quite well in the face of all kinds, offers several additional features that are very interesting. One of them is that he has Additional protection for cameras and microphonesin such a way that it will always notify us in case some type of program is trying to access them. Ideal to ensure our privacy. In addition to this, it is also a very configurable antivirus and that has a good level of security against malware or spyware. Next to the antivirus, surfshark one brings other tools such as its VPN, Alternate ID (which allows you to create a virtual email so as not to have to record ours anywhere) and a system of alerts in case our data or information is filtered on the Internet. This plan, as we have said before, goes out to 2.49 euros a month thanks to the promotion for the anniversary of Surfshark. It is a temporary promotion that makes two full years of surfshark one come out for 67.23 euros, a discount if we take into account that, outside of promotion, they would come out for almost 485 euros. And eye: pOrque we will also receive three extra months. As we say above, we can get with the VPN and its alternative ID complement by 1.99 euros. To do this, we have to bet on its 24 -month plan, which means that we will have two years of the service for 53.73 euros. It is a considerable discount if we take into account that its price is 417 euros. And Eye: We will also receive three extra months. If we want to pay less, we have as an alternative the surfshark one plan. This plan is simpler because It only comes with the VPN and alternate IDbut despite this, its price is the most tempting: it goes out for alone 1.99 euros a month. Surfshark Starter Subscription – Monthly * Some price may have changed from the last review Some of the links of this article are affiliated and can report a benefit to Xataka. In case of non -availability, offers may vary. Image | Surfshark In Xataka | Why it is dangerous to connect to public wifis and what you should do to protect yourself In Xataka | Antivirus in Windows 11: What are, differences between free and payment and the best for your PC

consumes much more electricity than data centers

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In 2022 in the air conditioning it represented 7% of world consumption of electricity. And its pressure on electrical infrastructure does not stop increasing year after year. On the other hand, data centers will be responsible for 10% of the increase in energy demand until 2030. Air conditioning will contribute a much greater percentage. These estimates formalized them in November 2024 International Energy Agency (IEA) and clearly reflect that the energy consumption of air conditioning devices is more worrying than that of data centers. The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) that we are living has triggered the proliferation of these facilities in the US, China, Japan, Singapore, India, Germany, Netherlands or Ireland, among other nations, but, in theory, the forecast of the IEA has taken it into account. And also that air conditioning devices have to respect an increasingly strict regulation in energy matters. However, as Casey Crownhart points out, a journalist specialized in the behavior of the weather of MIT Technology Reviewhe global warming Play against us. Refrigeration is the authentic monster of global energy demand In 2016 there were just under 2,000 million air conditioning devices throughout the planet. However, in 2050 the IEE estimates that there will be about 6,000 million of these devices. This strong growth is the consequence of the constant increase in the number of cooling degrees per day derived from global warming. In 2024 the cooling degrees per day were 6% higher than in 2023, and nothing less than 20% higher than the average of the first two decades of this century. The countries that invest more energy in the air conditioning devices are precisely the three most populated on the planet: India, China and the US The countries that invest more energy in the air conditioning devices are precisely the three most populated on the planet: India, China and the US. However, the impact of this energy demand is global. Besides, not only does it matter How much electricity consume air conditioning devices; It is also very relevant When this energy demand occurs. In fact, in the US these devices represent up to 70% of consumption in those time slots in which it is more hot. This behavior submits the electricity to enormous stress, although this voltage oscillates as the hottest hours give way to the freshest moments of the day. Whatever it is is evident that It is very important to innovate in the field of cooling technologies. The presumable proliferation of air conditioning devices over the next few years will require that each of them consume less energy. Even if it’s just a bit. A minimum improvement in a huge park park can make a big difference. The good news is that Innovations are coming in the technology of cooling devices that invite us to look to the future with reasonable optimism. Desiccant cooling systems use special materials that absorb moisture to cool spaces in a more efficient way. And heat exchangers containing not only air conditioning devices, but also refrigerators or heat pumps, are increasingly efficient. It seems that this is the way. Let us trust technological development to help us solve this enormous challenge. Image | Sergei a More information | MIT Technology Review In Xataka | Samsung throws the handbrake: delays the construction of its US avant -garde factories and South Korea

What are they and how to manage or delete the key data that you remember about you and use in all chats

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Let’s explain What is the chatgpt memory and howa system with which artificial intelligence remembers several key data about you. Because now Chatgpt remembers things you talked in the past, and will take them into account to use them in the future. We are going to start the article explaining what exactly is the chatgpt memory, telling you what it is for and putting some examples about your operation. Then we will tell you How to manage stored memories that you have from your chats to be able to erase some or all. What is the chatgpt memory Chatgpt is now capable of Remember useful information about you that is extracting from the conversations you have with him. For example, if in any conversation you tell him what your musical tastes are or where you work, the AI ​​will remember this information to use it in future chats. Each data of interest that Chatgpt keeps on you is a memory, and the chatbot stores memories with which to have these relevant data. The idea is to be able to Offer more personalized and relevant answers taking into account the context of the data about you. For example, something funny that happened to me. At a specific moment I spoke with Chatgpt about a musical group that I liked a lot. I said it passed, I think that to ask for some illustration or drawing with his name. He recalled this, and a few weeks later I asked to reimagine a photo of mine in the Ghibli style, and in the drawing he put me with the shirt of this band. There are two ways in which Chatgpt stores memories. First, it can be from normal conversations when you mention key data. But also You can ask you to remember something telling him to remember something, saying for example “remember that my favorite color is black.” You have control over Chatgpt’s memories, and you will be able to eliminate them individually or reset all erasing them. You can also deactivate this function so that you do not remember things or using what is remembered. And if you have it activated but want to start a chat that does not take into account the memoryyou can do it with the option to start a temporary chat. How to review and eliminate memories To review and manage the memories stored in chatgpt, you have to enter the configuration of this artificial intelligence. You can do it from its official website or from mobile and computer applications. Once within the configuration, Enter the section of Personalization. Here, under custom instructions You have the options for Memory. You can deactivate referring to the stored memoirs in the event that you do not want them to be used in your chats, and below you will have the option of Manage memories. If you click on Manage memorieswill be shown A list with all stored memories In chatgpt. In it, you can read what you are remembering in each one, and you will have to the right the option to erase the ones you want. You also have a button to eliminate everything if you want to forget everything you are remembering. In Xataka Basics | How to translate a sign, sign or any text with chatgpt, even asking you to explain it to you

Openai’s hypothetical social network does not want to connect people. Want your data to train your AI

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In Openai they do not conform to being absolute referents in the segment of artificial intelligence. The last rumors point to that They intend to create a social network that would go beyond Chatgpt. The reason, eye, is not to compete with Facebook, Instagram or X. At least, not directly. Social network = data to feed the AIThe movement responds without a doubt to that voracious hunger of new data that the AI ​​models have and that allows them to improve and polish their behavior in different scenarios. A social network would allow Openai to use all those data entered by users to train their models. X already discovered that trend. The Fusion between X and XAI It was already a clear demonstration of that strategy: suddenly I had a perfect system to train its AI, Grok model, with all the posts of X users. And goal, of course, too. Goal takes time doing the same With Facebook and Instagram – although The EU forced her to slightly change your plans – and also collect data when we use ai target at whatsapp, Although you can avoid it. All with the same goal: to have “fresh food” for its artificial intelligence models. A social network to share images. Apparently the prototype that is already developed focuses on Chatgpt’s ability to generate images. It would therefore be a social network more similar to an instagram full of images generated by AI, from which we imagine that users would be generated. Altman already warned. The funny thing is that the rumor occurs weeks after Sam Altman himself, CEO of OpenAi, jokes with that possibility. When the news appeared that Meta was preparing an independent app for goal AI, Altman replied saying “ok, perfect, perhaps we make a social app.” This does not connect people. Perhaps they already had the project and it was not a joke, but although Altman pointed out that that could allow “revenge” of Facebook, the intentions would not be those of competing with Facebook when connecting people – the original purpose of that social network, at least – but that of collecting more and more data for their AI, which is what they have also ended up doing social networks. And the AGI for when. The problem of this theoretical project is that it would be partly a distraction for Openai. It would certainly allow for more data for the training of its AI models, but it is not clear that the scaling is the right path for the ultimate end of OpenAi: get a general artificial intelligence or agi. Too many parallel projects. Altman is famous for generate excessive expectations about the AGI. However, this challenge is tarnished by their last releases, especially in the case of GPT-4.5. The company seems to be somewhat scattered with gigantic projects like Stargatethe development of Your own chips o The mysterious hardware project In collaboration with Jony Ive. Too many apples in the basket? We will see. Image | Xataka with chatgpt In Xataka | Chatgpt is already the most downloaded app in the world. His only problem is that he does not know how to make money with it

Synthetic data is not enough, so Apple wants users to help improve their AI: this will work its system

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Apple Intelligence is herebut its premiere has not been as brilliant as many expected. The company’s new proposal still has improvement marginboth in English and Spanish. Although it has been presented as a clear sales argument, its impact among people has been rather discreet. The first impressions are mixed And, for now, he has not managed to generate a groundbreaking enthusiasm. From Cupertino they already move to reinforce one of the greatest software bets in their recent history. Among the movements in progress stand out two fronts: The rumored restructuring of the team responsible for Siri, whose improved version has been delayed up to 2026and the creation of new techniques designed to improve their language models, with the mission of not neglecting their approach to privacy. One step beyond synthetic data Apple usually training its models with synthetic data and data labeled by humansa solution that has been effective to some extent. It does not always represent the real world. Consequently, it limits the functioning of AI products. This has led the technological led by Tim Cook to develop a new solution that combines synthetic data with anonymous signals of participating devices. As explained in an article published this weekeverything begins with a synthetic message, that is, an email invented by Apple itself with a format that simulates the real emails. For example: “Would you like to play tennis tomorrow at 11:30?” From there, several variants are generated that change some elements, such as sport, schedule or tone, to try different possible structures. These phrases are sent to a part of the devices whose users have agreed to share analytics with Apple. There is something key: each iPhone, iPad or Mac Take a handful of real emails transformed into Embeddings local, that is, mathematical representations that convert each message into a set of numbers that reflect their theme, style and length. The important thing is that these emails never leave the device. Thus, the system compares Embeddings synthetic, which Apple has previously generated, with the Embeddings Real emails, to see which ones are more similar. This resemblance is reduced to an anonymous signal, a simple “this version coincides better”, which is sent to Apple without revealing the original mail or the Embedding of the user. With this, Apple intends to learn which synthetic variants better reflect the real use of language, but without seeing a single fragment of private content. The idea is that this helps improve Apple Intelligence functions such as email summaries or writing tools. This approach is based on the same differential privacy techniques that Apple already uses in other functions such as Genmoji. In that case, the company collects anonymous signals about what Prompts They are more popular, such as “a dinosaur with a hat”, to improve the results without registering which user made what request. The idea is simple but very interesting. Improving without using user data data allows you to maintain the privacy approach that the company has been defending so many years. This new technique will begin to be implemented in the next betas of iOS 18.5, Ipados 18.5 and Macos 15.5. It should be noted that only those who have activated the option to share analytics from the privacy settings are activated. So, if you don’t want to be part of this system, You can deactivate it whenever. You just have to go to Settings > Privacy and safety > Analysis and improvements and deactivate the option “Share iPhone analysis”. Images | Apple | APPSHUNTER In Xataka | Public administrations turn the tortilla: Midni promises to be another success with Midgt and my citizen folder

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