AtLAST

An international team of scientists, led from Europe, is launching a telescope that will help us see what lies beneath the erased area of ​​the Universe. Ok, no one has erased half of the cosmos, but it is true that a good part of it is covered in a layer of dust so dense that few telescopes can look beneath it. Those who do it, like him Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)can only focus on a very small portion of the sky. On the other hand, the one presented now, called Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST)is capable of looking under dust while acting as a wide angle. All advantages. AtLAST is the result of a project led by Europe, in which Chile, South Africa, Canada, Taiwan, Thailand, New Zealand, Japan and the United States also participate. It consists of a single 50-meter satellite dish and a mirror covered with aluminum panels, as well as a massive steel structure that serves as reinforcement. There is also a 12 meter secondary mirror. It is capable of analyzing very wide regions of the sky and in the process only consumes renewable energy. An attempt has even been made to minimize the carbon footprint in obtaining the aluminum and steel to build the structure. AtLAST vs ALMA. Both AtLAST and ALMA are submillimeter telescopes located in the Atacama desert. This is an ideal place for this type of observations, since it is located at a high altitude, with its telescopes located around 5,000 meters, so that the density of the atmosphere is reduced and does not make observations difficult. In addition, there is no light pollution and it almost never rains, so clouds do not cover the sky either. Until then, everything is fine. The two telescopes are in a privileged location. However, there is something that gives AtLAST many advantages over ALMA. With its 66 antennas, ALMA works as a kind of microscope. It can analyze regions of the sky thousands of times smaller than our Moon. On the other hand, AtLAST, with a single antenna, can see at once the space occupied by 16 moons. Why submillimeter? Submillimeter telescopes are those capable of detecting waves of the electromagnetic spectrum with lengths below a millimeter. This ranges from far infrared to microwave. This makes them the only telescopes capable of clearly seeing what lies beneath the densest layers of dust. Some space telescopes, like James Webbthey can do this to a certain extent. However, this works only from the near-mid infrared. Emissions in the microwave and far infrared range are invisible to him. The secrets of the galaxies. Under those clouds of dust are the stellar nurseries. The gas clouds collapse to give rise to those clusters in which the birth of the star is taking place. Therefore, being able to look clearly down there allows us to analyze the evolution of the Universe in a much more precise way. For example, you can study how it has been expanding and what role dark matter has had in it. You can even investigate how life arises in space. Incredible figures. Other telescopes can detect the light beneath these dust clouds, but they cannot differentiate one galaxy from another. Thanks to AtLAST, however, it is expected to be able to detect up to 50 million galaxies in 1,000 hours of observation. Clean energy. This telescope uses renewable energy, such as solar energy, and stores it in metal hydride batteries. But, in addition, it acts in a similar way to how a hybrid car does. And, after moving to land in different regions of the sky, it loses speed, whose kinetic energy is used to obtain electricity. This way you don’t have to waste fossil fuels. This is just the beginning. It is expected that in the 2040s there will be several such telescopes. This has only just begun. There is still no date for AtLAST to start working, although if everything goes well it is expected to be around the 2030s. Be that as it may, what is clear is that, when it starts working, it will help us reveal the most interesting secrets. Images | Nobeyama Telescope (Lapinov) In Xataka | Chile has a very sweet port for China, Europe and the US. The problem is that it is tiny