years

work until 70 years old

by

In 1889, Otto von Bismarck invented the public retirement pension in Germany and set the retirement age at 70 years. At that time, only a lucky few made it alive to collect it. Now, 137 years later, Germany has proposed recovering that age limit so that its employees can retire. So that they later say that history is not cyclical and pendulous. As and how to collect ReutersChancellor Friedrich Merz last week presented a 33-point plan to reform the German pension system. Merz’s plan has a priority objective: that the pension system does not collapse. To achieve this, the German chancellor is betting on a package of measures that involves working more and forgetting about early retirement. Germany doesn’t get it right. Germany has one of the oldest pension systems in the world, but also one of the most stressed. Germany’s problem is an old acquaintance for Spain: every time there are fewer workers to pay the pensions of more and more retirees. According to data According to the German Federal Statistics Office, there are now 33 pensioners for every 100 people of working age. In 2070, that figure could reach 61 pensioners for every 100 contributors. That means less than two workers per retiree. By 2035, the forecast is that one in four Germans will be over 67 years old. With the current financing system, today’s German workers pay the pensions of today’s retirees. Without a sufficient workforce to contribute contributions, the scheme does not hold. and the baby boomers They are reaching retirement right now. We live longer, we work more. The most striking proposal of those presented by Merz is to link the legal retirement age to life expectancy in Germany. That is, since we live longer, employees must also contribute for more years. The easiest way to do this is to delay the minimum legal age for retirement. Currently, anyone who retires before 2023 will be able to do so at 67, just like that in Spain. However, with the new plan that the Foreign Ministry has put on the table, that age would rise to 67.5 years in 2041, to 68 in 2051, and would evolve until reaching 70 years by the end of 2090. We are not facing a sudden change, but rather the executive seeks to progressively adapt to the demographic ramp of its population, trying to cushion the strong impact that the planned mass retirement will entail. for the next decade. Merz sold it as a guarantee for young people: “No citizen has to worry,” he said. The system, according to him, is not going to collapse, but “All the elements of this reform package must be implemented quickly and make up a comprehensive concept that only works as a whole.” Goodbye to retirement at 63. In addition to extending the legal age to access retirement, the German Chancellor’s proposal is complemented by a tightening of the requirements to qualify for early retirement, the so-called Rent mit 63the formula that allows you to retire at age 63 without penalty if you have contributed for 45 years. It is estimated that about 270,000 Germans take refuge each year in a early retirement without penalty. Unions see it as a direct blow to blue-collar workers. In statements collected By DW, Christiane Benner, leader of IG Metall, pointed out that the proposal “completely ignores” the conditions of those who work in factories or construction, because spending the last few years behind a computer is not the same as spending the last few years on a scaffold. To reduce this difference, the Government proposes that those who cannot continue for health reasons have easier access to this early retirement, which will no longer be automatic for those workers with long-term careers. The Swedish model as inspiration. Along with the changes in the retirement age, the package of measures proposed by Merz also points to a change in the way in which Germany manages its employees’ pension funds, opting to invest part of them in capital markets. The chancellor has not invented anything that is not already being applied in other European countries. An example would be the swedish systemwhere 2.5% of employees’ salaries go to individual accounts that are invested in funds. In Germany, the proposal is to start with an additional 0.5% on the salary and gradually reach 2%. Each worker would have their own account. Merz estimates that the fund would channel at least 30,000 million euros a year to the markets. Critics warn that the stock market could fall, and that a sharp decline at the wrong time could pose a serious risk to the liquidity of the pension system. In Xataka | Collecting two retirement pensions is the dream of any worker. What we didn’t know is that Social Security allows it Image | Unsplash (Maheshkumar Painam, Oxana Melis)

Italy planted millions of fir trees to protect the Alps. 90 years later they have discovered that biodiversity has been reduced by half

by

The ecologist Aldo Leopold wrote a phrase that would end up defining all modern conservation in 1949: “maintaining each piece is the first rule of ecological intelligence.” He said it decades before science could measure it, but today studies like the one in the Alps Italians demonstrate the extent to which removing pieces of an ecosystem can seem invisible… until generations pass. A forest that seemed like a solution. In the 1930s, Italy by Benito Mussolini He decided that the best way to stabilize the Alps was to cover them with trees. The logic seemed impeccable: stop erosion, ensure wood for the future and display an image of order and national productivity. For this they chose norwegian sprucea fast-growing conifer, straight trunk and profitable wood. Thousands of hectares of alpine meadows and native forests were razed to plant dense, homogeneous rows of this species. For decades, that decision was sold as a forestry engineering success. From afar, those green forests looked healthy. But almost a century later, science has discovered that beneath that appearance a silent impoverishment was hidden. Ninety years later, the ecological bill. The studyled by ecologist Gianalberto Losapio and published in the journal Ecology, analyzed two areas of the Italian Prealps, near Lake Como: Monte Bisbino and Vicere Alp. There, the researchers They compared three habitats Neighbors: spruce plantations, native deciduous forests and traditional alpine grasslands. During five months of field work they identified 136 plant species and 201 arthropod species. The results were devastating. In plantations there was a median of only seven plant species per plot, compared to 18.5 in native forests and 37 in grasslands. Translated: more than 50% less diversity than in natural forests and almost 75% less than in the pastures. The problem of planting only one type of tree. The big mistake was believing that more trees automatically equaled more nature. Monoculture works well to produce wood, but It’s an ecological trap. When a landscape is filled with a single species, complexity disappears, because each plant, insect and microorganism plays a role in the ecosystem. Reducing this variety implies reducing resistance to diseases, pests or extreme phenomena. In the Italian Alps, diverse landscapes were replaced by uniform blocks coniferousand the result was a brutal simplification of the ecological network. What seemed like reforestation ended up being a substitution of biodiversity for productivity. A: Location of the study sites. B: Satellite image of the Monte Bisbino site. C: Satellite image of the Alpe del Vicerè site. Satellite images B and C represent the location of the fixed plots. “SM” = monoculture spruce plantations, “DF” = native deciduous forest and “GR” = grassland (prairie/mountain grassland). Map data: Google, Maxar Technologies Darkness as a silent weapon. The norway spruce It has a key characteristic: it is perennial. While beech, maple or chestnut trees lose their leaves and allow light to reach the ground in spring, the spruce maintains a closed canopy all year round. It is not trivial. In fact, that difference changes everything. Many alpine plants flower precisely in that window of early light, before the forest canopy closes. Under a spruce plantation, that opportunity disappears because the ground remains in constant shade and many species simply cannot survive. That is, it is not an open competition, it is a physical and permanent exclusion. The ground was also transformed. There is more, because the damage did not remain on the surface. Spruce needles acidify the soil as they accumulate over decades. The researchers found 25% more organic carbon in these plantations, although that did not mean greater fertility. It was just the opposite: organic matter decomposed more slowly, a sign of lower biological activity. Not only that. The balance between carbon and nitrogen also I was upsetindicating slower and less efficient nutrient cycling. In simple terms, the forest continued to accumulate remains because the system had lost the capacity to recycle them. It was a stuck ecosystem. A poorer and more fragile forest. Beyond the number of species, scientists measured something even more important: the “functional uniformity”that is, how ecological roles are distributed within the plant community. In spruce plantations, this index was 30% lower than in natural forests. That means less balance and more vulnerability. It’s not just that there are fewer species, but rather that entire functions within the system are missing. Some niches were left empty and many ecological jobs stopped being done. In other words, the forest is still there, but it works worse. It didn’t even create a new ecosystem. The researchers of the study said that one of the most revealing findings was verifying that these plantations they did not generate a new community adapted to the spruce. In fact, no specialized boreal species appeared nor a new equilibrium built. No, what they found was a version mutilated of the original forest: the same species as always, but less numerous and diverse. The spruce did not bring new life, it simply eroded what already existed. The insects resisted better, but with nuances. The only less alarming data appeared in the soil arthropods. Its diversity barely varied between plantations and natural forests. Reasons? Scientists believe that this due to their mobility and their ability to move between nearby habitats. Be that as it may, even here there is caution among experts. Soil chemistry suggests that microbial activity and the finer network of underground life have also changed, although they were not directly measured. The surface may give an image of partial recovery, but the subsoil continues to tell another story. The global lesson that comes too late. If you also want, what happened in Italy is not a historical rarity. Today, a good part of the global reforestation commitments continue exactly this model: plant quickly, cheaply and uniformly to meet climatic and accounting objectives. According to previous studies cited by the authorshalf of the areas committed to forest restoration in the world are monocultures of non-native species. Although it is an efficient formula in the short term … Read more

He believes that in 20 years millions of people will live there

by

Blue Origin, Jeff Bezos’ aerospace company, does not stand still since the tycoon moved to Florida to be closer to their headquarters. Now Bezos has given an enlightening talk about how he sees the future of the space sector. The businessman believes that millions of people will voluntarily live in space in 20 years. Don’t be sad. During a talk with John Elkann (president of Ferrari and Stellantis) at the Italian Tech Week TurinBezos did not mince his words. The tycoon said he did not understand how “someone who is alive right now can be discouraged” about the future. The reason for your optimism? A near future where artificial intelligence, robotics and, above all, space exploration, converge in “multiple golden ages.” The future of humanity is not only on Earth; according to Jeff Bezos, it is about to expand exponentially through space. The role of Blue Origin. “I think in the next couple of decades, there will be millions of people living in space; that’s how quickly this is going to accelerate,” said Bezos, who I had already confessed in the past his expectation that Blue Origin will end up being bigger than Amazon. This optimism is not just rhetorical. Bezos is investing billions of his personal fortune each year to build new technologies for the commercial exploitation of space: New Glenn, Blue Origin’s heavy rocket successfully completed its first mission for NASA: launching the two probes of the ESCAPADE mission heading to Mars (the probes will set their final course for the red planet in November 2026). Blue Origin He also recovered the first stage of the rocket on the high seas, becoming the second private company in the world to achieve this. However, the year 2026 has been complicated: in May, the fourth New Glenn exploded on its only launch pad during a static power-up, destroying towers and key infrastructure. NASA estimates that the platform will not be repaired before 2028. Orbital Reef, the commercial space station in the form of a luxury hotel for millionaires that will have scientific modules for when the International Space Station is removed from orbit. The project overcame a series of habitability tests with real people within full-scale models of its modules, within the framework of NASA’s space station development program, which foresees that the first private platforms will replace the ISS in the second half of this decade. bluemoon, the lunar module with which Blue Origin It aims to surpass Starship by solving one of the big problems of the SpaceX ship: the evaporation of cryogenic propellants in space. NASA has assigned Blue Moon the mission Lunar Base Ischeduled for fall 2026, which will land at the lunar south pole. Blue Moon will also participate in the Artemis III mission (2027, in low Earth orbit) and in Artemis IV, the first manned lunar landing scheduled for early 2028. The explosion of the New Glenn complicates the launch schedules, although NASA is working to undock the lunar module from the rocket so as not to delay the mission. Other lunar developments, such as the ability to make solar cells from lunar regolith. Bezos was clear: “If you’re going to go to the Moon and stay on the Moon, you need to use the Moon’s resources.” Exploit the Moon and space. One of Bezos’ goals is to turn the Moon into an industrial launch pad. “The Moon is a gift from the universe,” he said, noting that its low gravity makes it cost 30 times less energy to launch a kilogram of mass from the Moon than from Earth. In his vision, the Moon becomes a “rocket fuel depot” that will allow us to explore the rest of the solar system. Bezos’ vision directly connects the space race with the other great revolution of the moment: artificial intelligence. AI is a technology with an enormous energy thirst, and its data centers are becoming a true “energy hole” on Earth. Bezos’ solution: get them off the planet. The proposal is build gigantic data centers of gigawatts in space. The advantages are obvious: “We have solar power there 24/7, and solar power there has no clouds, no rain, no weather.” It’s not science fiction. In fact, Bezos predicts that this apparent science fiction will be economically viable very soon: “We will be able to surpass the cost of terrestrial data centers in space within the next two decades.” Space, he believes, will go from being a place for communications satellites to being the center of heavy industry and data infrastructure. In the end, Bezos’ vision unifies all the revolutions underway. If AI and robotics will take over production, what is left for humans? According to him, the freedom to choose. Bezos doesn’t believe we need to live in space to survive. Robotics technology will be so advanced that “we will be able to send robots to do that job.” So why will those millions of people go? Bezos’ answer is simple: “The majority will live there because they want to.” A version of this article was published in November 2025 In Xataka | The first civilian to take a spacewalk with Polaris Dawn is a millionaire, but he also pilots fighter jets Images | Blue Origin

200,000 years ago humans already made their beds, although in their own way. We know it thanks to a remote cave in Africa

by

We know that bed frames emerged a long time ago. more than 5,000 yearsthat Tutankhamun was buried next to several cots (including one foldable) or that in the Middle Ages it was not unusual for people to sleep in closetsbut… How did our most remote ancestors, the prehistoric humans who spent their nights in caves, manage to rest? Did they have beds? And if so, how were they prepared? Did they do something similar to the sheet changes? A remote cave located on the border between South Africa and Eswatini just cleared some of those unknowns. And their answers are fascinating. The science of sleep. Few things come more naturally and spontaneously to us than sleeping, but that doesn’t mean it’s a simple matter. Not at least for researchers who are dedicated to studying rest from a scientific perspective, psychological and historicalwhich is precisely what a group of archaeologists has done who has examined several remains of beds in Border Cavea prehistoric site located in the Lebombo mountains with an extensive record that spans from the Paleolithic to the Iron Age. Experts have known about the cave for about 90 years and have been excavating it for decades in search of information about our most remote ancestors, but it still has some surprises in store for them. Recently, for example, they analyzed several sediments at a microscopic level that allowed them to identify something curious: six microfacies with remains that tell us about different types of prehistoric ‘beds’. Beds made basically with plants and ash. Why is it important? To begin with, because the remains located by archaeologists in Border Cave cover a very broad period of time. It is known that the cavern was occupied during a period that extends between 220,000 and 43,000 years back. In fact, the remains of beds date back to between 161,000 and 43,000. Some are even older and date back to 200,000 years ago. As if that were not enough, there is another key fact: there are not many strata studied with a level of detail like that of Border Cave. Experts had already analyzed vestiges in Shibhudu or the deposit of Diepkloofboth in South Africa, but the new sediments have allowed them to go one step further and better understand what resting areas were like in Prehistory. Vegetable beds. One of the conclusions reached by the researchers is that the beds were made with herbs Panicoideaea subfamily of grasses. and reeds. With these materials, the inhabitants of Border Cave created different types of ‘beds’, some with patterns very similar to those seen in other sites in Africa and others apparently novel. “We describe six microfacies stratigraphic characteristics identified in the Border Cave deposits, which cover a period between 200,000 and 43,000 years,” the researchers point out in a study published in Journal of Archaeological Science. “Several match those described at Sibhudu and Diepkloof, although with small and potentially significant differences. Three microfacies, associated with more recent ‘grass mats’, have no published equivalents.” The trail of ash. In the cave, archaeologists have not only found remains of plants. They also located ash. Revealing ash deposits under the plant beds that leave behind some interesting ideas and tell us about how they prepared the ‘beds’ tens of thousands of years ago. For example, archaeologists report that thousands of years ago the inhabitants of Border Cave could use ash as a resource to keep their resting areas dry and warm and keep insects away. Another possibility is that they burned old vegetation to add new one, an idea that is not exactly new. “The construction of plant-based beds and their maintenance with the burning and addition of fresh material has received increasing attention in the search for the origins of modern human behaviors,” recognize. Looking at our ancestors. Another telling clue is that not all Border Cave is the same. Archaeologists have seen important differences depending on the age of the deposits, something that can be seen in the burned remains or the concentrations of phytoliths. For example, the more modern ‘beds’, those between 60,000 and 43,000 years old, are less fragmented and also appear to have been less burned and walked on. “New evidence pointing to the deliberate placement of ash on surfaces prior to bed construction is ambiguous, but the creation of beds over existing or purposefully displaced ash deposits was clearly common practice across all occupations,” ditch. Images | Wikipedia 1 and 2 Images | In 1938, two scientists locked themselves in a cave with one goal: to create 28-hour days.

I’ve been covering Prime Day for four years and these are the five deals that I wouldn’t miss in 2026

by

Amazon has started the Prime Daybut… are there any good offers? It may not be the most powerful campaign of the year (we leave that to Black Friday), but there are discounts that are striking enough for us, the e-commerce editors of Selección, to fall for one or another. That is why, after four years covering this type of events, I wanted to review the five offers that I have taken advantage of or would like to take advantage of on Prime Day 2026. Logitech G923 by 229.99 eurosa steering wheel for PC and PlayStation consoles that includes several accessories. Tomtoc for Nintendo Switch 2 by 28.69 eurosa backpack dedicated to the Nintendo console. Anker Prime Power Bank by 59.59 eurosa very complete powerbank so as not to run out of battery. Fire TV Stick 4K Plus by 33.99 eurosa device to turn almost any dumb TV into a smart one. Ugreen FineTrack Duo by 29.99 eurosa pack with many locators to avoid losing your suitcase, backpack and other objects in summer. The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Logitech G923 Let’s go first with what I bought on this Prime Day 2026. My first purchase was the Logitech G923 because I had been wanting to buy a steering wheel for a long time, and what better way to do it than with a pack that includes both the steering wheel and pedals (with clutch, important) and gear lever. The good thing about this offer is that It is not exclusive for Prime customersso anyone can access it. Its price is 229.99 euros (before 290.87 euros) It is compatible with both computers (Windows and Mac) and PlayStation consoles (PS4 and PS5). If you don’t want the gear lever, you can get another pack that includes the steering wheel and pedals. Its price is 198.55 eurosbut this is an exclusive offer for Prime customers. Logitech G923 – Steering wheel + pedals + shift lever The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Tomtoc for Nintendo Switch 2 My second and last purchase was the tomtoc backpack for nintendo switch 2. It is not the first time I have bought from the brand and, although it is a little expensive, the quality is impressive. I already have it at home and it is better than I expected: the zipper feels very robust, the console fits perfectly even with the official case (an extra security never hurts) and its pocket is padded. In addition, I have tried placing the console, my eReader, headphones and my wallet and everything fits perfectly. In fact, I would say that there is more room for things. The strap also feels very good quality and can be worn on the back or chest. Its price in this case is 28.69 euros (before 40.99 euros) and I’m already telling you that I’m going to use it a lot this summer. If, on the other hand, you are looking for a good travel backpack that can fit a laptop, chargers and even luggage, I recommend taking a look at a article I published here in Xataka about a Tomtoc travel backpack. I use it every three or four weeks for weekend trips, and with it I don’t need to carry a suitcase. Its price, yes, is 71.99 eurosalthough I already told you that it is worth every euro. Tomtoc Backpack for Nintendo Switch 2 The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Anker Prime Power Bank On Prime Day last year I took advantage of the offer that the Anker Prime Power Bankand now that it’s cheaper I can’t stop recommending it. But let’s go first with the bad and get it out of the way: although it is not very big, it is noticeable when you carry it in a backpack or small shoulder bag, and its weight of one kilo is a big burden if you are going to take it everywhere. I carry it in a backpack similar to the one on the Nintendo Switch 2 that I bought and that I normally use when I leave the house so as not to carry things in my pockets. After a while my shoulder feels heavy. Now let’s go with the good (which is a lot): it has a capacity of 20,000 mAhso many devices can be recharged. I usually use it with my cell phone, headphones, smartwatch and more; It even works with MacBook. The 100W power It is ideal for charging my phone in a short time and its screen shows the charging status, as well as its remaining autonomy and temperature. It has three USB ports (two USB-C and one USB-A) and takes just one hour to fully recharge. Its price is 59.59 euros (before 62.79 euros) The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Fire TV Stick 4K Plus In January I bought a Fire TV Stick 4K Plus for my television, and it surprised me a lot. I already had other HD models that I have given to family members and I opted for the 4K Plus because my TV is a relatively recent smart TV. It is ideal for converting a dumb TV (with an HDMI port) into a smart one, although for this it is better to use the cheaper HD model, especially if the TV is not 4K. In my case, it has been very good for me because it is compatible with 4K resolution, Dolby Vision and Dolby Atmosso in this case it is the same as my TV. What I really liked is its performance, because it runs very fluid at all times. This was the problem I had with my Xiaomi TV, so it solved it perfectly. Its price is 33.99 euros (before 69.99 euros). The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Ugreen FineTrack Duo He Ugreen FineTrack Duo I haven’t bought it, but for the price it tempts me very much. By 29.99 … Read more

For thousands of years, Neanderthals and Homo sapiens tried to mate insistently. History had another idea

by

In 1856, while working on a limestone quarry Near Düsseldorf, two Italian workers found a basin full of bones. They thought they were the remains of a bear and brought them to a professor from a nearby city, known to be a bone collector. They had no idea what they were about to do. When he saw the bones, Johann C. Fuhlrott realized that they were not from a bear, he took the bones to the University of Bonn and, together with Hermann Schaaffhausen, they communicated the discovery to the world. Nobody took them very seriously. It was even said that he was a Russian Cossack with rickets who pursued Napoleon through Europe. Until almost a decade later, the Anglo-Irish geologist William King came to a revolutionary conclusion: that we had not always been alone. But why are we now? With the discovery of Homo neanderthalensis many unknowns were openedbut there is one that has been haunting us for almost 200 years: why did they disappear? How is it possible that a species so ancient, so robust, that had survived so many things, simply disappeared? Why had we been left alone? Throughout all these years, scientists have come up with numerous hypotheses and theories. From prehistoric genocides to a slow and agonizing eclipse. However, Ludovic Slimak, researcher at the Center for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse and one of the leading international experts on Neanderthals, have another idea. The forms of love (and what love is not). For Slimak, if we apply the knowledge of cultural anthropology to what paleogenetics is telling us, the picture is quite different. And, as in all traditional societies in which strong identities coexist, it seems that the different human communities exchanged women. From our perspective, mere expression is already savage. But from the perspective of anthropology, those “family crossing” processes were basic to ensure stable alliances between different communities. And that, if we take into account that we are loaded with Neanderthal DNA, seems to be what happened. However, as Slimak points outthis “fusion” of lineages never fully occurred. The question is why. A (genetically) impossible story. We know that Neanderthals and Sapiens interbred and they had offspring. But we also know that, although the communities tried to establish these relationships and alliances based on miscegenation, things did not work. It was thought that many of the descendants of these relationships were sterile people unable to reproduce. But, as explained Platt, Harris and Tishkoff in February 2026everything seems to indicate that it was mating preferences and sexually biased breeding that decided which Neanderthal DNA survived and which was lost. Searching. It’s curious, said Slimak in an interview for LiveSciencethat “when you’re looking for ancient DNA (from 40,000 to 45,000 years ago) all of these sapiens early have recent Neanderthal DNA, and that’s why we have (neanderthal DNA) today. But when you arrive and try to extract DNA from the last Neanderthals, contemporaries of these first sapiensLet’s say that between 40,000 and 50,000 years ago there was not a single Neanderthal with DNA sapiens“. In 2025, Slimak came to describe Neanderthal disappearance as “a kind of suicide” due to isolation and social fragmentation. Curious and very possibly one of the keys that explain why the most numerous and genetically diverse population of sapiens won the game over the Neanderthals. That is, why we are left alone. A previous version of this article was published in February 2024 Image | Suchosch In Xataka | We usually see Neanderthals as a different species, what if we are wrong?

How to request the 400 euros to buy music, video games and subscriptions if you are 18 years old

by

Let’s explain to you how to apply for the 2026 Young Cultural Bonusthe new edition of this aid so that those who turn 18 in Spain have a credit of 400 euros to spend on cultural products. He Young Cultural Bonus It was launched in 2022 to bring young people closer to the cultural sectors punished during the pandemic, but since then it has been maintained. The idea is that young people spend money on culture. We are going to start the article by telling you what this bonus is and all the details, specifying what the money will be spent on. Then, we will explain to you the process you must follow to request it. Finally, remember that in addition to turning 18 in 2026, the aid is aimed at young people of Spanish nationalitythose who have legal residence in Spain, and asylum seekers, temporarily displaced persons or formerly protected foreigners. What is the Young Cultural Bonus The Young Cultural Bonus is the aid that is given each year to young people who turn 18 years old. Come on, 400 euros are going to be given to everyone who comes of age in 2026. This money is not for them to spend on whatever they want, but for them to buy products, services and activities related to the world of culture. This aid was born to finance and revitalize the Spanish cultural sector after the COVID-19 quarantines, although once they returned to normal they have been maintained. It is not known how long this cultural bonus will exist, because it is something that is approved each year. This is indirect aid for the cultural sectors. Instead of simply giving money to establishments, it is given to young people so that they can consume the culture they want in pre-established cultural products. This last part is the most important. You cannot spend 400 euros on a specific type of product. this money It is divided into three types of productsand for each of them there is a spending limit. You can’t spend it anywhere either.but in establishments that have joined the program. The aid is only for those who turn 18 years old. Therefore, it will only benefit those who have born in 2008while people and young people of other ages will not be able to benefit. Only those who turn 18 during 2026. In addition, it will be necessary to have Spanish nationality, legal residence in Spain, or be asylum seekers, temporarily displaced or ex-tutored foreigners. The management of the aid is centralized on a specific website, where young people can request the voucher. And then, In your city you will see which establishments participatesince they usually put in the window that they accept Cultural Bonus, and you will know that you can spend the money there. What can the bonus be spent on? What’s new this year is that There are two types of spending to decide the structure of what to spend the money on. On the one hand we have the traditional modality, which is the following: A maximum of 200 euros in live arts, cultural heritage and audiovisual arts: This will be divided between tickets and passes for performing arts, including live music, cinema, museums, libraries, exhibitions and performing, literary, musical or audiovisual festivals. Also for bullfighting shows. A maximum of 100 euros in cultural products in physical format: This will be divided between books, magazines, press and periodicals. It can also be spent in video gamesmusical scores, vinyl recordsCD, DVD or Blu-ray. A maximum of 100 euros in digital or online consumption: This will be divided between subscriptions and rentals to music, reading or audio-reading, audiovisual platforms, purchase of audiobooks, purchase of ebooks, subscription to podcasts, subscriptions to online video games, digital subscriptions to press, magazines or other periodical publications. Yes indeed, Subscriptions will be limited to a maximum of four months. The purchase of some stationery products such as printed or digital curricular textbooks, as well as computer and electronic equipment, software, hardware and consumables, is excluded from the aid. You will also not be able to buy musical instruments, go to sporting events, or buy pornographic material. The second modality is training. With it, you can invest the full 400 euros in courses and workshops with cultural content in person and online and musical instruments and means of artistic creation and material. A final condition is that You can only use the voucher in certain establishments or institutions attached to the program. These businesses must operate within Spain or carry out activities of sale or provision of cultural products, activities and services. How to request the Young Cultural Bonus 2026 To request the Young Cultural Bonus for 2026 you have to enter its official website, which changes every year. This year’s is beneficiaries.2026.bonoculturajoven.gob.es. who is the official of the program. In it, press the button Registerand create an account using your email and a password. Once you have registered, on this same website you can log in with your created account. Once you have created your username and password, you will receive an email with a confirmation link, and you must click on it to complete the process. Once you do it, press the button Request bonus that will appear to you. The first time you do it you will have to verify your information and age using the digital certificate either Cl@ve. Afterwards, you will have to fill in the rest of your main information. Once you have done this, you can now choose how you want the cultural bonus. The easiest thing is to have a virtual card that you can add to Google Pay or Apple Pay to pay with your mobile’s NFC, although you will also have the possibility of requesting a physical card. When you finish the setup, you will need to verify your request using Self-signature. Once you have everything, remember that you will only be able to use this balance that is given to … Read more

23 years ago a Boeing 727 left the runway without authorization. What happened next remains an enigma

by

A commercial airliner should not disappear like this. We are talking about one of the largest and most monitored machines in the transportation industry, with flight plans, airport controls, maintenance records and normally traceable components. That is why the case of Boeing 727 N844AA It’s so hard to close. According to Aviation Safety Networkthe aircraft took off from the Quatro de Fevereiro international airport, in Luanda, on May 25, 2003, around sunset and without the corresponding authorization. Since then there has been no confirmed landing, no identified remains or a definitive explanation. Before becoming a mystery, N844AA had led a much more conventional life. Washington Post explains that it was a Boeing 727-223 built in 1975, delivered to American Airlines and removed from the airline’s fleet towards the end of the summer of 2001. Then came the strange twist: the plane was converted to transport diesel within Angola, with seats removed and large internal tanks installed in the cabin. The idea was to supply operations linked to diamond mines in areas difficult to serve by road, but the plan soon went awry. The operation began to accumulate problems. The fuel transport project was met with unpaid invoices, problems with stolen passports, security lapses and questions about who really controlled the plane. By May 2002, the crews had already left and the original plan was practically undone, but the 727 was still there, immobilized at the Luanda airport. Almost a year later Ben Charles Padilla appearedsent by Aerospace Sales & Leasing for try to recover an aircraft that it could still have value as an asset, even if it fit increasingly worse into its previous life. A stranded plane, an unauthorized departure and too many open questions Padilla is a central figure because most stories place it inside the plane at the time of departure. There is also an important nuance: he was a certified flight engineer, aeronautical mechanic and private pilot, but not a qualified captain for a Boeing 727. That model required a crew of three people, with two pilots and a flight engineer dedicated to managing systems. John Mikel Mutantu is also mentioned as a possible companion, although the accounts do not entirely agree on his identity and there is no clear evidence that he was trained to pilot that device. The known sequence of May 25, 2003 is brief, but enough to explain why the case caught on so quickly. That afternoon, N844AA began taxiing without proper communication, entered the track without authorization and took off towards the southwest, towards the Atlantic and the Gulf of Guinea. Its lights were off and the transponder, the equipment that allows an aircraft to be identified in air traffic systems, was not transmitting. And there was another important point: the 500-gallon tanks installed in the cabin were part of the diesel transportation project, but they were not used to fuel the plane’s engines. To fly, the 727 relied solely on the aircraft fuel available in its own tanks. If he went low, he would hardly have gone far; If there was more margin, the range of possibilities expanded. Delta Air Lines retired its last 727 from scheduled service in April 2003. The image shows a plane of that model, not the N844AA missing in Angola The search did not close the case either. US organizations such as the FBI, the CIA, the State Department, Homeland Security and CENTCOM participated in it, and the US embassies in Africa received notices to monitor a plane that needed a long runway to land. In the weeks that followed, and also over the years, theories circulated: a fall into the sear, a landing at another airfield, a dismantling to sell components or even its use on irregular routes. A runway of a repainted 727 in Conakry, Guinea, looked promising in July 2003but the US authorities ended up discarding it. A possible terrorist connection was also examined, in the midst of post-9/11 sensitivity. It was a logical fear for Western intelligence services at the time, but The Washington Post and ABC News agree that no evidence emerged to support that hypothesis. That is precisely what keeps the enigma alive 23 years later. There is no confirmed landingidentified remains, pieces publicly linked to N844AA nor a record of maintenance or sales of components that would allow its fate to be reconstructed. If one day an answer appears, it will probably not be the entire plane: it will be a fragment, a document or a part number capable of finally giving it a place on the map. Images | JetPix In Xataka | The European fighter may have died, but there is a plan B to avoid the F-35. One with Spain, Germany and an unexpected guest

24 years ago Oliver Kahn sued EA and won. Then a new goalkeeper appeared in football games: Jens Mustermann

by

There are two things that I have to eternally thank my love for football simulators: locating places on the map and being familiar with a good part of the new talents that emerge in the quarries. I got off this annual roulette a long time ago, when the textures of the grass or the expressions of the players were not so important, but their faces were already well understood and you could recognize them thanks to the transfer of image rights, a tricky and lucrative topic even at that time. And for example, a button: Oliver Kahn’s. The name of the legendary goalkeeper of Bayern Munich and the German national team in the 90s and early 2000s disappeared from soccer games to return almost a quarter of a century later, it became an icon to close one of the longest and most curious legal disputes. Oliver Kahn’s lawsuit. Coincidentally, while searching for images of the special FIFA game for the 2002 World Cup, I found in the Xataka newspaper archive it is which illustrates the cover of this article and which is great for us. Because it was just then that the German goalkeeper filed a lawsuit against EA for image appropriation, as stated in the Ace article of the time: He believed that they were commercializing his identity without having given his permission or receiving compensation for it. The video game company faced a fine of up to 250,000 euros or up to six months in prison. Why is it important. This trial changed the rules of the game because it showed that video game companies cannot use the image of a famous athlete without their direct permission. In fact, it marked a before and after: from then on companies had to be much more careful with contracts, thus preventing big brands from taking advantage of the fame of footballers for their faces. After all, Kahn was a pioneerbut it could have been the tip of the iceberg of a barrage of similar lawsuits, such as explains the law firm Pinsent Masons. Context. It was the 2000s when football games began to look very real and in that image quality significantly improved compared to that FIFA 94 original Having the real names and faces of the stars was a powerful and attractive selling point. EA had signed agreements with FIFPro to be able to use player identities en masse, so in the hit FIFA series were represented virtually 800 players from 40 countries. The problem? That the union did not have the rights of everyone. It was one of the first train wrecks between the ambitions of a huge American technology company versus European privacy laws. Kahn 1 – EA 0, So titled Der Spiegel the goalkeeper’s victory in the German courts in 2003, ruling that the agreement that EA had with the FIFPro union did not cover the use of Kahn’s image, since the goalkeeper was not part of that organization. But it was more a moral victory than a practical one: Kahn managed to stop the distribution of the 2002 FIFA World Cup, but by the time he won, EA had already launched FIFA 2003. In fact, the goalkeeper tried to make ads featuring a blonde goalkeeper disappear, but the judge dismissed the petition: “Not all blonde goalkeepers are Oliver Kahn.” EA removed Kahn from the national team but kept him as Bayern’s goalkeeper under a separate agreement with the German league. The most striking thing is what happened next: to avoid any problems, the character based on Kahn was simply called “Jens Mustermann”, the equivalent of a completely generic and anonymous name like John Doe. Paradoxically, that name bears quite a similarity to that of Jens Lehmannthe goalkeeper who sent Kahn to the Mannschaft bench in the 2006 World Cup. Yes, but. Kahn won, but did not convince: The director of EA Germany stated that FIFA 2003 would still be on the market and that the new contracts were “even more solid” than before. EA did not change its business model: it continued to use block licenses and continued to operate normally. Kahn was absent from EA video games for years and It was not for legal reasons, but because he did not want to negotiate with them again. It has been now, with nostalgia and the evolution of modern game modes based on micropayments, when it has returned in the form of ICON card in EA Sports FC 26 actively participating in promotions and profiting from it. In Xataka | The most important thing about the ‘FIFA’ games was that they were called ‘FIFA’: EA is proving the hard way the weight of a franchise In Xataka | It’s World Cup time and millions of fans will pay for it with sleep: the graph that shows which countries suffer the most from FIFA’s schedules

We thought it was a bend in the Rhine. In reality it was a huge Roman water channel that survived the fall of the Empire for 300 years.

by

If there is something for which Rome has remained in memory, it is for its impressive road layout throughout their empire, but be careful because in hydraulic engineering they were not far behind either, the aqueducts of Segovia and Tarragona serve as close examples. It is true that aqueducts are striking constructions due to their dimensions, but there is another that rivals them in size and capacity to move water: canals. In fact, a research team just “discovered” that what looked like an old abandoned Rhine channel was actually an ancient Roman canal. They had an unappealable clue on the terrain: it is rare to see such a long and straight line in nature. The discovery. In southwestern Germany, on an agricultural plain next to the Rhine River, an interdisciplinary research team from the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, the Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel and the Hessen Monument Office have found something that has been buried for more than a thousand years: an artificial Roman canal 15 meters wide and 2.5 meters deep that connected the Rhine to a small military fort called the burgus of Trebur-Astheim. Why is it important. Because the Trebur-Astheim Canal is one of the few known navigable canals north of the Alps during the Roman period and the Early Middle Ages, demonstrating that the Roman Empire in Germania modified the landscape more intensely and lastingly than previously believed. The presence of Rome was more than a mere occupation. As explains the research teamthe burgus of Trebur-Astheim probably functioned as a central logistical node for the Landgraben region, where cargo ships of the time could dock and goods were redistributed around the area on other vessels. This demonstrates a global vision of the empire for supplying its troops through infrastructure that goes beyond the roads. Context. The consolidated Roman presence in the Hessische Ried began in the 1st century AD, under the Flavian emperors. The fort of Trebur-Astheim was built between 364 and 375 AD under the command of Emperor Valentinian I as part of his plan for military deployment along the Rhine. with a goal: contain the Alamanni, a group of tribes settled on the right bank of the river. In fact, the Rhineland border is clearly demarcated by watchtowers and forts, as can be seen on the UNESCO World Heritage List. In detail. In short, the town of Trebur-Astheim was practically a protected inland port: its dimensions were similar to those of the Roman navigable canal Fossa Corbulonis (present-day Netherlands) and made it suitable for different types of Roman river vessels, such as military type Mainz-A or the cargo boats found near Xanten, both with drafts of between 0.35 and 0.65 meters, well below the depth of the channel. Carbon 14 has revealed that, from the sediments of the canal, it was in operation from Roman times until the 7th-8th centuries AD, when it became clogged with mud and was abandoned. In fact, the large amount of sediment in the area forced the channel to be dredged frequently for centuries: after the Romans, the team points out that the Merovingian and Carolingian communities exploited it and maintained the infrastructure. Yes, but. The excavation carried out in 2024 did not reach sufficient depth to physically see the walls of the canal due to the high water table and the amount of sediment. That is to say, the dimensions that we know have been estimated indirectly, something that is common in underwater archaeology. In this sense, a complete excavation is pending to obtain direct data on the construction of the canal. In Xataka | Some go to the gym to do legs and others to discover an impressive mansion from the Roman Empire In Xataka | The Romans found a macabre and sophisticated way to use perfume: breaking pigeons’ necks (made of glass) Cover | Wolfgang Pehlemann and An Artificial Canal Connecting the Roman Burgus at Trebur-Astheim (Upper Rhine Graben, Germany) with the River Rhine

Log In

Forgot password?

Forgot password?

Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password.

Your password reset link appears to be invalid or expired.

Log in

Privacy Policy

Add to Collection

No Collections

Here you'll find all collections you've created before.