There are millions of squash players in the world. Unknowingly, they owe a debt to an 18th-century London prison
If you are one of the 20 million of people who practice squash in the world you owe a debt to the bankrupt British of the 18th century. The reason is very simple: several centuries ago those held in the fleet prison (London) because of their debts, they devised a game to kill time that was played with a ball, racket and wall. Over time that hobby, “rackets”became popular and led to a somewhat more sophisticated (and prestigious) version among the students of Harrow School that laid the foundations for what we know today as squash. All thanks to bill-stifled Londoners. The pleasure of hitting a ball. Maybe they didn’t do it like Alcaraz, but our ancestors they already enjoyed of the pleasure of hitting balls with spin. In fact they did it even before the Dutch invented the racket. in the 15th century. We know that almost a millennium ago French children entertained themselves with he game of paumea game that consisted of throwing leather or cloth balls filled with sawdust against the walls, and the monks also entertained themselves in a similar way in the cloisters, sometimes hitting the ball with branches. Over time the game was refined until it became tennis, a sport that caught on in Great Britain and soon fascinated the Tudors. It is said that Henry VIII (1481-1547) had courts built in all his palaces. Also that around 1600 in Paris there could be at least 250 courts. The success of the game was not only measured by its popularity at court or the number of clues. The old one game of paume It also led to different games, with their own styles and rules, such as he fivesor much later racquetball. Athletes behind bars. At the beginning of the 18th century, the love for tennis took root even in fleeta former London prison. Perhaps fed up with seeing hours pass by between walls and bars, its inmates created their own version of the fivesa fairly simplified one that was played they had it on hand in prison: a small ball (similar to those used in golf) of rolled cloth and a racket. The game ended up being known as ‘racquets’ or “rackets” and its dynamics were simple. The players were dedicated to hitting the ball against a wall. A special prison. It may sound strange, but the truth is that Fleet was not any prison. And not only because of its age, which can date back to 12th century. Murderers, rapists and thieves did not sleep in their cells. Not at least in the 18th century, when prison was reserved for people convicted of debt or having committed contempt before certain courts. In the 1770s John Howarda philanthropist who wrote the treatise ‘State of Prisons in England and Wales’, visited Fleet and left us this snapshot about life within its walls: “The prisoners play bowling in the yard, the mississippihe fivestennis… And not just the prisoners. I saw among them several butchers and others from the market, who are admitted as in another tavern.” Why is it so important? Because the ‘racquet’the game that had worked so well in Fleet or King Bench, soon spread throughout Great Britain. Far from being seen as a stigmatized sport, typical of prisoners and ruined men, it began to be practiced in the courtyards of taverns and alleys. Special fields were even built. The hobby spread so much that we know that in 1830 The Royal Artillery built a covered track in Woolwich so that its soldiers could play games even on stormy days. And then came Harrow School. One of the places where the racquet and fives was Harrow Schoola prestigious boarding school founded in the 16th century in the London borough of Harrow, northwest of the city. It was there that what we know today as squash would come to fruition. His students used to play in the courtyard outside the main building, a corner with side walls and a front wall, although they soon adapted the rules to their tastes. For example, they replaced the rigid balls that were used until then with rubber ones. It was not a minor detail. The new balls, hollow and larger, influenced the dynamics of the game, its rhythm… and opened the doors to squash. A sport with hook. “At first squash was a sport exclusive to Harrow. Like other private schools with their particular sports, it only existed in their school,” they explain from the International Squash Federation. That didn’t take long to change. As they went on holiday, with their balls and rackets, or simply graduated and left boarding school, Harrow students spread their love of squash to the rest of the country. Over time, other British schools and organizations ended up adopting that game devised between the walls of Harrow and the courtyard of an old prison. What was Fleet’s actual role? Some authors, such as JR Atkins, consider that in reality racquets and tennis are so similar that “it is impossible to separate them historically”, which would reduce the weight of Feels’ role. In any case, most accounts agree that the British prison played a relevant role in the development of the game and helped it become popular in taverns and other venues in the country. The final development of the game (and its respectability) was the merit of Harrow School, but even so the contribution of the Feel convicts is recognized for example World Squashthe Oxford University or the IOC. “At some point in the early 19th century the obsession with rackets and balls gave rise to another variant of this sport in a place as unusual as Fleet Prison,” explains Ted Wallbutton of the World Squash Federation (WSF). “The Fleet prisoners, mostly debtors, exercised by hitting a ball against the walls, of which there were many, with rackets. Thus began the game of ‘Rackets’. By some strange path they led to Harrow and other select English schools around 1820, and it … Read more
