supply

What is the “energy zero” and why the supply can go suddenly but it takes hours to recover

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The general blackout in Spain is causing many problems at the level of transport or trade, and in the meantime hospitals are going to their emergency generators. The situation has been caused after the so -called “energy zero”. Energy zero. This is called the situation in which the flow of electricity in an electrical system is interrupted or significantly reduced, reaching zero. The question, of course, is why this problem occurs. Diverse causes. This event can occur for various reasons such as infrastructure failures, climatic events or great imbalances between supply and demand. Consequences. We are living them: lack of supply in essential homes, businesses and services such as transport, communications or health, in addition to damage to teams and the consequent economic impact. It has already happened in the Canary Islands. In June 2020 there was an energy zero in the south of Tenerife, and in fact in the Canary Islands there have been several similar episodes In recent years. The Governing Council approved in September 2022 a sanction of eight million euros to Red Eléctrica de España for the problems derived from that fall. And in the world. There have been large electric blackouts in various parts of the world for decades. In Italy, in 2003, 57 million people They were affected by a high voltage line affected by a series of fallen trees during a storm. In India, in July 2012, 700 million people They were affected by an electricity overdex. Chile suffered a recent blackout last February A very serious infraction of the Law of the Electric Sector. The law of the electrical sector that regulates these situations establish that these types of problems represent a very serious infraction. In article 64.31 The following is specified: “The interruption or suspension of the supply without the legal or regulation requirements established or outside the assumptions provided legally or regulation.” The supply goes fast, but slowly returns. In this type of event, the electricity supply goes completely in an instant, but its recovery is much more gradual and can take hours. From Red Electrica Español they indicated half an hour after the blackout how the supply begins to recover in the north and southern peninsular, but it will take some time that the recovery is complete. It is not known how exactly, but in some parts of Spain the electricity supply is already being recovered, they indicate media such as being. Xataka | There are so many Australians with solar panels in their roofs that the electricity grid has been one step away from the abyss

China controls the solar energy supply chain. Europe wants to change it with a huge factory in Asturias

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If you had ever thought about how form a solar panel Your process is not easy. This puzzle that passes from a Fine wafer to photovoltaic He has all his framework. Asturias will begin to manufacture this small piece, which is essential for its operation. The heart of a panel. A Catalan company, Sunwafebacked by Innoenergy, are in the process of building the first large bullion factory and wafer for photovoltaic solar panels in Spain. To do this, he has obtained an aid of 199 million euros from the Ministry of Ecological Transition, aimed at supporting this installation in Gijón, As Efe has had access. The company has obtained both public and private financing to develop this project. In fact, he has received one of the largest subsidies in the State in Asturias, within the framework of the government’s renewal call, which allocated 297.3 million euros to key projects in renewable energy, According to the trade. The first piece of puzzle. In this puzzle that is the process of manufacturing the solar panel, the plant will focus on silicon purification, its foundry to form ingots, and the subsequent cut of these bullion in thin wafers. All this and then send it to other plants with which the photovoltaic will form. As for the objective of the initiative, Sunwafe seeks to produce 2.5 billion wafers per year by 2030, which will allow you According to the voice of Asturias. The most standardized material. Solar cells They have experienced A radical transformation in recent years. In all this time, the element that dominates the sector remains silicon, since they are The standard in industries. Along the same lines, there are A boom with Perovskitas panelsbut silicon tandem cells are still the most promising for its generalized use. Zero dependencies. Today, China is the undisputed leader of solar energy export, how demonstrates an Ember study. However, this new factory raises a change in the photovoltaic value chain, reducing the dependence of this supplier and others for Spain and, in turn, the European Union, the European Union, According to RTPA. At the moment, the European Union Continue depending In much of China for the manufacture of their renewable energies, but projects like this can open a new path. An impulse for Spain. Although the country managed to close last year with a fee of Total renewable generation of 63.9%the production of materials has not yet settled after the rise of Chinese production. In this way, this new factory will become the third EU factory that will produce silicon wafers, how They have reported in New Spain. This opening in Gijón is a good example of the shy reindustrialization that institutions are looking for. Image | Peellden and Pexels Xataka | While the Portuguese enjoyed sun eclipse, their electrical system had a really bad time

Universities do not supply candidates

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Artificial intelligence is putting in check to the university systemthat is not being able to form the necessary rhythm to the thousands of candidates who are demanding companies. A study of Indesia, association aimed at promoting the use of AI in companies and SMEs, points out that up to 5,000 job offers related to AI and data science were uncovered in 2023 due to lack of qualified profiles. Much demand, few candidates. According to data from the report ‘The future of talent in artificial intelligence and dates in Spain’ of Indesia, almost half of the job offers in AI run the risk of not being able to cover, placing this sector as the most affected by talent scarcityfollowed by cybersecurity and cloud. The roles that record greater difficulty in covering their vacancies due to the lack of qualified personnel are Data Architect, Data Engineer, AI/ML Engineer, NLP Engineer and Computer Vision Engineer. Núria Ávalos, General Director of Indesia, declared to The country that “many degrees are now emerging, but until these people are in a position to assume positions as a data architect there are a few years.” That will take its toll to the industry. The report estimates that, if the accelerator is not chopped in the formation of new talent in these matters, during 2025 34.5% more professional will be needed than in 2024. That is already a very complicated challenge to reach by the deficit that was already recorded last year in professionals from these areas. According to data collected In a study of the Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences of the Pontifical University Comillas, up to 75% of the digital transformation projects fail due to the lack of training of employees or their qualification. From Indesia they estimate that the education system is able to train about 6,000 new professionals a year, which is a very low pace taking into account the demand for demand of this sector in the next five years. Ávalos pointed out that “the positions that are now not covered are for more experienced profiles, people who can incorporate and make a digital transformation into a company.” That is, people with high qualification in a relatively recent area, but who has had a very fast evolution. What do universities offer? On the other side of the shore, the universities responsible for training these profiles have not reacted with sufficient speed, and only one third of the 90 universities in Spain offer degrees or careers related to data engineering or with the Focus on artificial intelligence. Silvia Terrasa, director of the Computer School of the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV), assured El País that the process to establish a new university degree that responds to the needs of companies. “It is quite tedious. And then the first promotion does not come out until four years later,” justifying that a gap between the offer of jobs and candidates with adequate profiles. The problem is not the students. One of the biggest problems that universities are facing is the personal lack of teaching to teach subjects in the field of data science and AI. It is a deficit of teachers that already crawls from the lower training cycles with the shortage of Qualified personnel in Stem subjects. The problem is aggravated when such a recent specialization is necessary in which, in itself, there is already a shortage of profiles. “We have no teachers to open more groups,” laments the head of the UPV computer school, pointing out that, if 120 seats are offered for their degrees, 300 students stay out due to lack of place and cannot expand them due to foul of teaching staff that imparts them. A solution proposed by Indesia is to turn companies into training centers, in which students can do guided practices for their specialized personnel. “They are increasingly open for their employees to give classes. They know that it enriches and that it is a way of seeing profiles that interest you and bring them as fellows during the practices,” Ávalos slipped. Importing talent from other branches. Despite the talent scarcity, three out of ten technology job offers are for positions related to data science and IA. That has made many graduates in computer engineering or telecommunications, end up occupying these positions since they have common areas of knowledge. Mathematics and Physical graduates are also recruited. Núria Ávalos pointed out that, in many cases, it is the companies themselves that, given the urgency to cover vacancies, form the candidates internally. “They are recycled in a year, it is not necessary to make a master’s degree. They are usually within the companies themselves.” In Xataka | A study reveals which technological profile will be the most wanted and best paid in 2025: interface designer Image | Unspash (Wonderlane)

A solar solution to supply the world with 22 Energy TW

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A recent Ember report explained how Europe had eliminated coal as an energy source in 2024 and gave way to renewable energies, such as solar. In fact, in the same analysis, Spain registered a continuous increase in photovoltaic generation, reaching 21% of its electricity almost double that the European average (11%). So far everything is fine, but this boom of the solar is carrying that alternatives for the installation of panels in other surfaces, such as aquatic. International investigation. A study group, led by Carlos D. Rodríguez-Gallegos, has evaluated The state and potential of floating photovoltaic facilities (FPV) worldwide. For this analysis they have used the largest global database that collects the information of 1,142 commercial FPV systems from 2022. In addition, they took the geographical references of reservoirs, which cover a total area of ​​more than 2.2 million square kilometers. The object of study is to analyze its implementation and performance, in addition to studying advanced configurations such as bifacial panels, inclination angles and monitoring systems. The investigation had contributions from researchers from the You will be Singapore and from the National University of Singapore (NUS), as well as the Polytechnic Higher School of the Litoral de Ecuador, the Polytechnic University of Hong Kong, the Concordia University of Canada and the University ofokin of Australia. Asia, the leader. Almost 90% of the installed floating solar capacity is in the Asian continent and China leads it with almost half of the accumulated capacity. This world predominance is due to favorable, ambitious objectives focused on renewable energy and regulations designed to support the expansion of FPV. Although Asia leads the development of floating solar panels, Africa is also exploring this technology. Zimbabwe advance with a 250 MW plant In the Kariba dam, projecting to reach 1 GW. In Ghana, A 5 MW system In a reservoir it will be expanded to 15 MW, while Cape City, in South Africa, has completed several smaller projects. With abundant sun and limited water resources, Africa seeks to meet your energy needs through these initiatives. Take advantage of water areas. The installation of photovoltaic systems on aquatic surfaces has presented different benefits, according to the study. First, optimization of limited space in areas with scarcity of earth. In addition, FPVs help reduce the evaporation of water in reservoirs and to maintain the temperatures of the lowest solar panels, improving their efficiency. On the other hand, this technology avoids related conflicts about land use. To give an example, in the Swiss Alps, They have demonstrated that these facilities can prosper even in adverse conditions, reaching higher performance regardless of altitude. The study results. From the analysis that the average size of the FPV has increased in the last ten years of 0.09 MW in 2013 to 1.40 MW in 2022, and, in parallel, the average power density has gone from 82 W/m² at 123 w/m². Researchers have identified optimal configurations to maximize electrical performance, such as the use of solar monitoring systems and bifacial panels, which capture the reflected light, thus improving energy generation. In economic terms, FPVs have proven competitive. For example, the project director has signed up for an Indian initiative that achieved a cost of installation of just $ 0.41 per watt, which reinforces the economic viability of this technology against other renewable energy options. However, these facilities also face certain challenges such as the initial cost can be very high by infrastructure. In addition, technology adaptability to different bodies of water (sweet or salty) and logistics complexities can also increase costs. Looking at the high seas. Looking ahead, the research team plans to explore FPV applications on the high seas, investigating its energy potential, innovative designs and the challenges that costs and maintenance present. According to its estimates, covering only 10% of the surface of 249,717 continental reservoirs could generate a capacity of up to 22 TW, sufficient to satisfy all world consumption of electricity and up to 5% of the global water demand. Image | Chn Energy Xataka | China is ready to inaugurate an ambitious floating solar plant. Its objective: solve a big pending problem

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