Sudden 500% increase in visa fees for foreigners entering the country

In Japan it has existed since 2019 a “Sayonara rate”: a departure tax of 1,000 yen that all travelers pay when leaving the country, including Japanese. It was created pto finance infrastructure tourist attractions just when the country was beginning to break visitor records. Now, with another increase linked to access, Tokyo seems to follow the same logic: convert the tourism boom into a direct source of income. Breaking half a century of stability. Japan has decided to shake up one of the most stable parts of its immigration policy: the entry price for foreigners. The Government has approved a 500% increase in visa fees, a historic increase that multiplies the current cost by five and breaks a price freeze that had been intact since 1978. How much? Now, the single entry visa passes from 3,000 to 15,000 yen and the multiple entry jumps from 6,000 to 30,000, marking the first revision in 48 years. The official explanation, and the “other”. Foreign Minister Toshimitsu Motegi justified the decision appealing to inflation and the current state of the yen, a weakened currency against the dollar and other currencies. On paper, the logic is simple: if everything costs more, processing visas does too. But the reasoning has cracks. The administrative management of the visa is carried out within of the state apparatus itself Japanese, with mostly internal costs, so the reference to the exchange rate seems less of a structural necessity and more of a fiscal opportunity. A rise designed to take advantage. The key is in the context. Japan is experiencing a tourism boom fueled precisely due to the weakness of the yenwhich makes the country cheaper for millions of visitors. The political calculation is simple: if the trip remains cheap in accommodation, food and shopping, a more expensive visa will hardly alter the decision to travel. Motegi put it bluntly when affirm that “They do not expect an immediate influence on the number of foreign visitors.” The phrase is important because it makes it clear that Tokyo believes it has room to tighten without breaking the flow. Who will really pay the bill. The blow will not be uniform. Many tourists from countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada or members of the European Union will continue to enter visa-free for 90 daysso for them the impact is limited. Where it does hurt is travelers from countries outside that list (especially China) and those who travel for work, study or residence, even if they come from exempt countries as tourists. That is where the rise becomes a much more visible economic barrier. China, the big name behind the operation. There is one fact that explains a good part of the maneuver: Chinese visitors represent one of the largest blocks of foreign entry to Japan and require a visa. The Japanese Government itself estimates that this measure will generate 116.1 billion of additional yen in fiscal year 2026. That makes the upload more than just an administrative update; It is a collection tool supported by the massive volume of regional mobility. In practice, the more Chinese tourism grows, the more profitable this new toll will be. The underlying message. If you like, the interesting thing is that this decision reflects a broader trend: Countries are beginning to more aggressively monetize access to their borders. For decades, visas were primarily a tool of immigration control. Now they are also a source of income and an economic instrument. Because Japan isn’t closing the door, it’s simply charging more to open it. And if this rise works without stopping arrivals, others could soon take note. Image | pickpik, Artanisen, Pakutaso In Xataka | Japan is increasingly looking like a crowded theme park. So there is a business on the rise: wedding tourism In Xataka | Faced with labor shortages, Japan has taken an unprecedented measure in the last two decades: paying women the same

“Airport fees should be reduced”

“They should be reduced.” Two words summarize the CNMC’s position regarding the strategy that Aena must apply in relation to airport taxes. The semi-state company wants to apply a 3.82% increase in the rates that airlines pay in our country for each of the passengers who board their planes. And that is a reason for obvious conflict with the companies. And especially with Ryanair. What does the CNMC say? That the 3.82% increase that Aena has proposed for the period 2027-2031 is not the best idea. In a report titled lCNMC concludes that airport fees should be reduced between 2027-2031the body in charge of ensuring free competition in the Spanish market has a clear position. According to the report, it is not only recommended to eliminate this increase, it is also recommended to lower rates by 0.59%. This would help: Increase traffic from the 1.3% calculated by Aena to the 2.2% calculated by the CNMC that will be achieved with this rate reduction. It would go from the 346.7 million passengers expected by Aena to the 366.7 million calculated by the CNMC. Reduce operating expenses by 741.5 million euros considering that the increase expected by the CNMC is much higher than that of estimated passengers. According to the agency, this indicates an operational inefficiency. Why does the CNMC say this?. This response from Aena is part of the procedure that must be followed for the approval of the Airport Regulation Document corresponding to the period 2027-2031 (DORA III), which should be approved before September 30, 2026. He Ministry of Transport refers to this document as: “The basic instrument for defining the minimum conditions necessary to guarantee the accessibility, sufficiency and suitability of the airport infrastructure and the adequate provision of the basic airport services of the Aena airport network” To finish deciding what to do with airport taxes for the 2027-2031 time frame, the General Directorate of Civil Aviation of the Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility has requested a report from Competition to provide a second opinion on the numbers presented by Aena. This step is mandatory. Aena’s proposal before the CNMC. To understand why Aena proposes an increase in airport taxes, you have to understand some key points of your proposal. The company, halfway between state and private, proposes the following: Personnel expenses will increase by 16.7% between the period 2027 to 2031 and 37.1% compared to the numbers closed in 2025. Operating expenses (maintenance, cleaning, security or energy, among others) will increase by 18.3% in 2027-2031, which represents an increase of 49.4% compared to 2025 numbers. Taking 2024 as a reference, the expenses that will increase the most once the period ends in 2031 will be: security (84.8%), maintenance (102.3%) and operational and labor services (77.5%). These data, according to the CNMC, are not realistic and exemplify problems of productive inefficiency. According to his calculations: Operating expenses would grow four times more than the expected increase in traffic. According to Competition calculations, for every 1% growth in traffic in Spain there would be a 3.3% growth in operating expenses. The CNMC defends that taking into account economies of scale, with its proposal Aena would be saving 741.5 million euros in operating expenses between the years 2027 and 2031 despite lowering rates since this would increase traffic. The airlines. What the airlines propose It is, evidently, a reduction in airport taxes. Specifically 4.9%. The figure, they say, would not put at risk the investment plan that Aena has already announced for the coming years and for which it estimates that it will be necessary to spend 10,000 million euros. They defend that a drop in rates would increase traffic and give as an example the period 2017-2025 in which the number of passengers increased by 15.3% compared to the airport manager’s forecasts. If so, they consider that traffic would grow by 3.6%. Halfway. That is, the CNMC proposal is halfway there. Competition believes that passenger growth in 2027-2031 will be 2.2%, while Aena estimates 1.3% and airlines advance 3.6%. Furthermore, he believes that rates should go down but only by 0.59%, far from the 3.82% increase proposed by Aena and just as far from the 4.9% reduction proposed by the airlines. Why is it important? Airport taxes are being the great battle between Aena and the airlines. Of all of them, Ryanair has undoubtedly been the most critical of the airport manager’s decisions, threatening to reduce traffic in smaller airports considering that prices are abusive. In some it has already done so. At these airports, Aena has bonuses to attract travelers and make airlines pay less money. For its part, Aena has confronted the Irish company (the one that moves the most traffic in Spain) and has made it clear that it will not give in to what they consider blackmail. In fact, Maurici Lucena, president of Ryanair, stated yesterday that with this company’s position “the debate on airport charges will be endless” and defended that “Aena’s rates are the lowest in Europe”, in statements reported by The Newspaper. For now, it will be necessary to wait to confirm whether rates end up rising or, as the CNMC and the airlines prefer, end up being reduced. We should know by September 30, 2026. Photo | Wikimedia and Wolfgang Weiser In Xataka | After leaving many Spanish airports without service, Ryanair has made another decision: to raise its prices by 9%

GitHub Copilot and Claude are putting more and more fees and costs

As end users, pay a monthly fee to use a AI model It is the norm to access more complete and powerful models. However, developers who rely on an AI model to power their tool or application pay based on the tokens of input and output that are consumed (the minimum unit of text that a model processes when we use it, so that we understand each other). Which has announced GitHub Copilot has more to it than it seems, as it will now begin charging end users through a monthly plan based on the number of tokens. And this has set off alarm bells in the sector, because it could be a move that any other company could easily end up imitating. And all in a context in which Chinese startups prices continue to drop sharply in their models. Copilot can no longer maintain its business model. GitHub has announced that starting June 1 it will stop accepting requests for its current premium plans and will begin billing for AI credits instead. Each monthly plan will include a number of credits equivalent to the price of the subscription: anyone who pays $10 per month for Copilot Pro will receive $10 in credits. From there, consumption is measured in tokens, including input, output, and cache tokens. It is a play similar to when we use a image generation model either video: a use that depends on credits and that we recharge depending on the use. The reason for the change, according to the companyis that until now a quick consultation and an autonomous programming session of several hours cost the user the same. GitHub claims to have long absorbed that cost difference, but acknowledges that the model is no longer viable. QWhat exactly changes. The base prices of the plans are not touched: Copilot Pro is still at $10. Business in 19. Enterprise in 39. But: what you buy with them is no longer the same. Previously, the limit was a number of requests. Now, each interaction with the model consumes credits at a rate that depends on the chosen model and the volume of tokens. According to the rates published by the company itself, the most advanced OpenAI models can cost up to $30 per million output tokens. On the other hand, an agentic session, where the assistant executes tasks autonomously, can easily multiply the expense of a week of normal consultations. Ed Zitron, well-known critic and technology expert, counted that, according to internal documents to which he had access, Copilot’s weekly costs had almost doubled since January, coinciding with the boom in agentic assistants. Nor is it just Copilot. According to account The Information, Anthropic has begun charging its large enterprise customers the actual cost of computing Claudeabandoning any discount. Anthropic itself briefly tested the elimination of Claude Code of its $20 per month Pro plan. Large AI companies have been taking losses on their subscription models to attract users for some time, and are now trying to pass on the real costs to those who consume the most. China does the opposite. While the West adjusts prices upwards, several of the main Chinese technology companies have adopted a completely different strategy: turning tokens into a cheap commodity, almost like a telecom distributing mobile data. DeepSeek announced this week a 90% reduction in the price of cached accesses to its API (when the model reuses already processed context), bringing the minimum entry cost to about $0.14 per million tokens. For your most advanced model, DeepSeek-V4-Prothe figure becomes 32 times cheaper per conversation than the equivalent in GPT-5.5 from OpenAI, according to company data. Alibaba, for its part, has just separated its AI business and renamed it Token Hub Business Group, making clear what its strategic commitment is. According to share According to Reuters, Chinese models cost on average one-sixth the price per token of those from OpenAI, Anthropic, and the like. Why it can work, and why it has a limit. China’s advantage in inference (the moment at which a model responds to a request) rests on cheaper electricity, software efficiency that it has had no choice but to forcefully develop by chip restrictions from Washington, and a super competitive domestic race that forces prices to constantly drop. Token consumption in China has gone from 100 billion a day at the end of 2025 to 140 billion in March 2026, according to estimates collected by Reuters. However, as the media points out, this strategy has an underlying problem: the tokens are not interchangeable. One million tokens from Anthropic’s most advanced system are worth much more than the same volume processed by an inferior model. Companies that delegate complex tasks to AI agents will end up paying for quality, not just volume. And there, the Chinese models continue to lag behind the most advanced Western ones. Cover image | Alexander Mils and Roman Synkevych In Xataka | Anthropic decided to resist pressure from the Pentagon. Since then all other technologies have folded

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