blackout

This is the situation of trains in Spain after the blackout

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Lost trains in the middle of nowhere (No chance of rescue three of them still at night), all completely stopped nearby services and the large cities collapsed in traffic shot at the lack of mobility in the suburban. The blackout that the April 28, 2025 In Spain he left us without trains and still, despite having recovered almost the entire electricity grid, the rail service continues to present some holes. This is what we know, what works, what does not work and how much we hope to return to normal. Half -gas trains With the generalized blackout yesterday, the Spanish rail system was completely stopped. To shelter travelers, the main Spanish train stations remained open at night although even this was not enough since Some people were out of them covered all capacity. Cercanías services With Renfe’s last update at eight in the morning, the situation is as follows. Lines that work normally or partially: The Cercanías de Asturias and Cantabria lines work normally. Madrid Cercanías: 50% planned service in all lines and in the C5 recovered between Humanes and Atocha and the sections between Pinto and Aranjuez and Guadalajara-Alcalá de Henares, which will not circulate from the beginning. Valencia Cercanías: 100% planned service in C2 lines from Valencia to Xàtiva and C6, without tension in the C1 in the section between chair and gandía. Suspended services: Rodalies in Catalonia The nearby Alicante, Zaragoza, Cádiz, Sevilla, Malaga, Bilbao and San Sebastián do not work. Medium and long distance and high speed services The following services do not work: Avant and Media Distance Services in Andalusia Medium distance and Alvia services in Extremadura High performance services of Ourense-Santiago de Compostela-Coruña and Vigo-Santiago de Compostela-Coruña. Avant service from Toledo Connections between Medina del Campo and Salamanca Metric width between Ferrol – Ortigueira and León – Guard. The following high -speed and long distance lines are working since the beginning of the service: Madrid-Barcelona. Madrid-Valencia/Murcia/Alicante. Madrid-País Vasco. Madrid-algeciras. Malaga-Granada Madrid-Asturias Madrid-Santander Madrid-Córdoba Madrid-Seville Lines that should recover normality throughout the day: Lines without service and without forecast to recover them until new notice: Madrid-Huelva. Madrid-Badajoz. Madrid-Cádiz. Madrid-Galicia. Madrid-Salamanca. Madrid-Logroño. Barcelona-Aliante (Euromed). Basque-Barcelona country. Renfe points out that affected travelers can request the return of the ticket or the change without cost in the Renfe sales channels. To make a trip, the passenger will be able to go to the stations and look for a way to comply with one of the available squares. Metro services As for the operation of trains in the Metro network of the big cities, the situation is as follows: Private services Iro has announced that has recovered normality in the services provided in the corridors of Madrid-Valencia and Madrid-Barcelona. Photo | Xataka In Xataka | The blackout has caused important smoke in several Spanish refineries: it is a sign that security systems have worked

After the blackout, Adif has a serious problem on its ways: three “lost” trains in remote states of the network

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Although electric service has begun to recover, almost medium Spain continues in the dark and the sequelae of the blackout remain palpable. In the field of transport, 35,000 passengers trapped were rescued by Renfe, Adif and the Military Emergency Unit (UME). However, there are still three trains to recover. The President of the Government, Pedro Sánchez, He explained that these units are in areas especially difficult to access. Rescue equipment deployed throughout the morning. Since the supply cut occurred on Monday after 12:30, ADIF, Renfe rescue teams and the UME work continuously to recover trapped trains in different parts of the rail network. The difficulty does not reside solely in the lack of electricity, but that some convoys were isolated in difficult access areas, which complicates rescue maneuvers. Adif had already warned That the average and long distance services would not operate throughout the day, regardless of the evolution of the supply, and the suspension also extended to the nearby and rhodalies lines. A clear objective: to recover rail mobility. The government has stressed that one of the priority objectives is to restore the trains circulation as soon as possible, starting with the nearby lines. Pedro Sánchez has pointed out that the objective is to restore mobility in vicinity as soon as possible and also in average and long distance throughout Tuesday, the media and long distance services can also be resumed, although he has clarified that the recovery will ultimately depend on how the electric supply evolves. In parallel, the Minister of Transport and Sustainable Mobility, Óscar Puente, has pointed out That the tension is beginning to stabilize in some areas of the rail network, allowing several trains to resume their march. At the Atocha station, in Madrid, the arrival of at least seven trains that were detained is expected. Click to see the original message in x Open stations as improvised shelters. To mitigate the impact on travelers, Adif has enabled several of its main stations as places of night shelter. Stations such as Atocha, Chamartín, Sants, Valencia, Bilbao, Sevilla, Córdoba, Zaragoza, Valladolid and Malaga will remain open during the night so that those affected can be protected. Besides, The UME has deployed Mantas and basic resources to serve passengers who have been forced to spend the night in the stations. The origin of the blackout, still under investigation. While the recovery work advances, the cause of the blackout remains a source of research. The Government has explained that it occurred The sudden loss of 15 GW of electricity generationa phenomenon that has no precedents in the Spanish energy system. At the moment, no hypothesis about what happened is ruled out. Images | Renfe In Xataka | The fact that illustrates the magnitude that Spain has lived with the blackout: 60% less demand in five seconds

The blackout in Spain raised the possibility of a cyber attack. The EU rules out

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He General blackout throughout Spain has caused great uncertainty about the potential causes of this “Energy zero”. One of those that are considered is that of a possible cyber attack, and agencies such as the National or Incibe Cryptological Center are investigating that option, they point out in the SER or In the country. In the last decade there has only been a great case of this type. The EU discards cyber attack. As media point out Like the worldTeresa Ribera, executive vice president for the clean, fair and competitive transition, has indicated that “there is nothing that allows us to affirm that there is some kind of boycott or cyber attack.” In his appearance before the media, Pedro Sánchez stressed that the causes of the incident are not yet known and does not rule out any option. Few outstanding cases. On December 23, 2016, the Ivano-Frankivsk region, in southwest Ukraine, He suffered a blackout as a consequence of a coordinated cyber attack that affected three of the main Ukrainian electricity companies in the region. The problem affected tens of thousands of people for a period between three and six hours. The following year a more sophisticated cyber attack caused a blackout again that affected kyiv residents, also in Ukraine. The country has been affected by blackouts after the Russian invasion after the attacks of Sandworm, a cybercrime unit associated with Russian intelligence, indicated in Tarlogic. But having them, there are. In November 2023, a series of coordinated cyber attacks affected the Denmark Energy Sectoralthough there were no blackouts but data theft. Tarlogic experts highlighted how these types of problems have increased. None, yes, has affected an almost complete country, as would have happened in this case. Usual suspects. In June 2019 A great blackout It affected 48 million people in Argentina and Uruguay. At that time there were suspicions of a potential cyberraade as the cause of the problems, but the Argentine government Indian that the cut was due to a failure in one of the transport systems from one of its hydroelectric plants in Yacryátá. It is therefore relatively frequent to associate such an event with a potential cybersecurity problem. And then, Stuxnet. What we know is how eeuu and Israel created Stuxnet malware In the second half of the 2000s. This malware managed to damage Iran’s critical infrastructures, specifically Its nuclear power plants And that showed that certain cyber attacks can be directed to critical infrastructure. The possibility is there. As they pointed out in 2019 in El Confidencial, Spain in fact already tried to prepare for this type of event. Experts like Rubén Santamarta They had warned of that risk already in 2011. During the blackout the National Cryptological Center (CNI) has indicated that the blackout could be a consequence of a cyber attack, According to the reason. Spain usually receives threats of this type. The National Center for Infrastructure and Cybersecurity Protection (CNPIC), under the Ministry of Interior, indicated in El Confidencial In 2019 that there were already “attempts at illicit accesses to this type of infrastructure.” From the country They pointed out a few months ago how Spain receives about 40,000 daily threats of diverse type. One more option, but just that. There are no data that can point to a cyber attack and therefore although the possibility is there, there is no confirmation. The blackout is exceptional and extraordinary, as indicated by Red Electrica and Spanish, which of course is also investigating what the origin of the problem has been. Image | Markus Spiske In Xataka | Another prequel of the ‘great blackout’: the solar storm that shook the world the 660 AC today would have very serious consequences

The precedent closest to the great blackout of Spain was lived in 2003. And it also began in the interconnected network

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Few events show our electricity dependence as a mass blackout. And few blackouts have been as extensive as the one that has affected all of Spain today. But there is a precedent of similar characteristics that still remember in neighboring Italy: the great blackout of 2003. The day Italy was dark. On September 28, 2003, practically all the Italians (57 million people) were left without light. The ruling began in the Swiss Alps, demonstrating, as has happened today, the fragility of interconnected networks. It all started at 3:01 in the morning in a high voltage line that crosses the passage of Lukmanier, between Switzerland and Italy. A storm whipped the area. According to subsequent investigations, the branch of a tree hit the wiring, causing a short circuit and its automatic disconnection. It all started with a tree. The fall of a tree should not have been catastrophic. Electrical networks are designed with redundancies to avoid it. However, the demand for energy in Italy at that time was high, and the country depended significantly on the imports of electricity in Switzerland and France. The loss of the Lukmanier line increased the load on the other interconnections. In less than half an hour, a second crucial line, that of the Paso de San Bernardino, also failed. The exact reasons were subject to dispute (Switzerland said there were overloads not communicated by Italy, Italy blamed Swiss management), but the result was overwhelming: Italy lost suddenly a huge capacity to import energy and went out. The domino effect. At 3:27 am, the country remained dark. The almost simultaneous loss of these two great energy arteries had been too much for the Italian network. The frequency of the network began to fall dangerously below 50 Hz, and automatic protection systems, designed to avoid higher damage to generators and equipment, began acting in cascade. Electric centrals throughout Italy began to automatically disconnect from the network to protect themselves. This self -defense mechanism, however, aggravated the problem: the more centrals they disconnected, the greater the imbalance between the remaining little generation and demand, accelerating the collapse. In a matter of minutes, the Italian electricity grid was completely fragmented and collapsed. The blackout affected the entire Italian Peninsula, from the Alps to Sicily. The exception? The Island of Sardinia, which has an independent power grid and not connected to the continental system (as the Canary Islands here), as well as some small border areas that received a direct supply of neighboring countries. The biggest blackout in the history of Italy. The blackout surprised Italy in the early morning of Sunday. Although this mitigated the initial chaos compared to the blackout of Spain (fewer people in public transport, in factories, locked in elevators), the impact was deep and durable throughout the day. Thousands of passengers were also trapped in trains in the middle of nowhere. Hospitals and emergency services activated their diesel generators, but the situation tested their abilities. The meters of cities like Rome and Milan stopped working. The traffic lights went out, complicating traffic. Although many mobile phone antennas had batteries, overload affected communications in some areas. In Rome, the blackout coincided with the “Notte Bianca”, the annual night in which museums open, there are concerts and night activities. Everything was interrupted, plunging thousands of citizens in unexpected darkness. The lack of electricity lasted for hours. A delicate recovery. Restore the electricity supply after a total collapse (the now famous start From energy zero) It is not as simple as pressing a switch. Italy showed that it is a slow, complex and gradual process. Many of the large thermal plants needed external energy to start their own auxiliary systems. As the centrals generate energy again, they have to synchronize perfectly in frequency and voltage with the incipient network. An error can cause new disconnections. Demand must gradually reintroduce as the generation increases. Connect too fast load can overload the newly restored network and cause another collapse. It is a delicate dance between supply and demand. Between four and 18 hours. For these reasons, the recovery was unequal. The regions of northern Italy, closer to European interconnections and with greater capacity for their own generation, began to recover electricity in about 3-4 hours. However, the center and south, especially Sicily, took much more. Some areas remained without electricity for 18 hours or more. Finally, electricity was restored block to block, city to city, in a process that extended during almost all of Sunday. The Italian blackout of 2003 remains a case study on the complexity and fragility of our energy infrastructure. A reminder that small events like a fallen tree can turn off a whole country. Image | Victor Romero (Flickr, CC BY-C-SA 2.0) In Xataka | What is the “energy zero” and why the supply can go suddenly but it takes hours to recover

This is what he estimates that I take Spain to recover from an “extraordinary” blackout

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The press conference offered by Red Electrica (Ree) has allowed us to know the status of the situation after the general blackout that we have suffered in Spain. And above all, the time that the blackout is expected. “Between six and ten hours”. Those responsible have explained how the complete replacement of the system in all parts of the country could carry “between six and ten hours.” The estimate comes from simulations carried out above and also from the experience collected in blackouts that have occurred in other countries in the past. How Ree proceeds after the blackout. After the incident due to a collapse of tension in all the knots of the network, they explained in Ree, the essential thing is “Replace the different elements of generation and the transport network with tension so that when the stations obtain tension, it spreads through the different networks and start the propagation of tension.” Restitution has already begun. As indicated in Spanish Electricity, it has been possible to recover tension in areas near the borders with Portugal and Morocco, and both in the Catalonia area and the Basque Country is spreading tension to reach the transport stations. A gradual process. In the southern zone and center, tension has also been recovered at some points. This replacement process will be progressive in the different areas, they explain from Red Electrica and once it is possible to recover the tension in all transport regions, the supply to consumers can be replaced. An “exceptional and extraordinary” event. In Spanish Electric Electricity indicate that an incident of these characteristics had never happened and that “it is an exceptional and extraordinary incident.” They have insisted that they are focused on recovering the supply as soon as possible, and they have also highlighted that there are detailed prepared plans that indicate how to proceed and what steps continue to this type of problem. Unknown causes. In Spanish Electric Red have not given information about the causes of this general blackout. When asked about a potential cyber attack, government representatives have indicated that there is no record about the causes of the incident and “we cannot enter to speculate.” Image | Pere Jury In Xataka | The mass blackout is also affecting transport: Renfe informs of detainees and Aena of incidents

A general blackout has left us all without light

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The reasons are still unknown, but Media Spain is now without light. A cut or an interruption in the electricity grid has left the Peninsula in the dark and without the capacity to work. Nor do street elements work such as traffic lights, although telephony and transformer antennas do seem to be operational. Falls are also reported in Portugal and part of France. From Xataka we can also confirm that in the Canary Islands there do not seem to cuts and everything works normally, at least for the moment. In development…

The Government approves the new Plan for DTT. One with more 4K channels and the nth “blackout”

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The Council of Ministers He has approved today the new National Technical Technical Technical Plan. His great objective, As we mentionedis to generalize emissions with quality UHD/4K so that the quality of these emissions is as much as possible. But to that prominence of the emissions in 4K another news is added. 4K EMISSIONS BY FLAG. With this new plan, both the legal and the technic framework are established so that the DVB-T2 transmission technology is adopted at all levels (state, autonomous and local). That will allow all emissions to end up making the leap to the quality of ultra high definition (UHD, also known as 4K, although There are slight differences). The immediate future. The Royal Decree must be confirmed by Congress within a maximum period of one month. From there, both the Ministry of Digital Transformation and the Secretary of State for Telecommunications must initiate the frequency migration process and technical adjustments. That will allow the emission spectrum to adapt to that new situation. SIGHTING RESTIPIZATION. As indicated In The Objectivethey will have to migrate a daring channel, another of Mediaset and the Radio Blanca (DKISS) signal. That will force consumers to suffer their televisions or TDT adapters. It is not known when it will be necessary to carry out that subsidization of the channels, but it will probably occur in autumn of 2025. It is the nth “blackout of the DTT”, a necessary process to enjoy these new channels in UHD quality. The next to have UHD channels. This reorganization will allow both Atresmedia and Mediaset to have a frequency with UHD emissions each. It is for example what TVE already has, which has been using this channel in tests for a year, and also leaves the door open so that other chains can also request UHD emissions. A two -phase process. The first plan will work to “favor the implementation of technology”, so that the adaptation of the TV receptor park is promoted To be compatible with DVB-T2. From there, phase 2 will begin, with a global implementation of this technology and UHD quality in all TDT services. And new auction channel. All these changes will allow according to the announcement that a part of the capacity of one of the multiple digital is free for a new standard quality channel (SD) of state. The license of said channel will be held soon, so the offer of TDT channels will be expanded, explain those responsible for the Ministry for Digital Transformation and Public Function. Deadlines. If everything goes as expected, after the theoretical final approval of the Congress, the bidding sheets would be prepared in the same month of April, the contest to auction the new channel would be held in May. Before the summer, the award should have been completed, which would prepare us for that reseintonization when the 2025-2026 course begins. Who will that channel be? According to The Objective, the great candidate to keep that channel is a group of shareholders of the Prisa Group. They already have 20 million euros of budget for the first three years and the objective would be to get 3% of Share at the end of that period. Nothing is determined, and both Atresmedia and Mediaset or even Telefónica seem to be considering presenting their offers. Image | TIM MOSSHOLDER In Xataka | The DTT changes again in 2025: what will we need on our TV so that the transition to DVB-T2 does not affect us

This Alavesa company dominates mobile phones, and the 2G blackout transformed it into something much more interesting

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The MWC was a brutal hive of technological and telecos from all over the world … with America and Asia in a prominent place, something that results paradoxical and expected at the same time in an event organized in Barcelona: Error 404, Europe Not Found. But in one of the Halls Yes there was European presence, because there There was the huge Spanish pavilion, that of Red.es, and in turn there was, in one of its fifty spaces, SPC (Smart Products Connection), an Alava technology that has turned the technological needs of the elderly into their small gold mine. And we were able to talk to his CEO, Teresa Acha-Forea, an old acquaintance of Xataka: A decade ago We interviewed her in her stage with Wikowhich was a mark of that same matrix. Of telephone liberalization to leadership in a specialized niche SPC’s story begins with The beginning of the process of liberalization of telecommunications At the end of the eighties, when Telefónica lost the monopoly of the sale of telephones. It was then that this company Alavesa jumped to start marketing landlines. It looks like a gray and little activity sexy (And it is), but it was his germ. For years it was your main business (They still have a presence in him), But with the slow agony of the fixed this leg is more in the consulting of conference terminals for companies than in the sale of the telephone itself. Red.es pavilion in the MWC 2025. In one of its fifty spaces was SPC. Image: Xataka. A little after that was when the adventure that has taken them here began. “Twenty years ago we began to make adapted phones for blind and people with special needs“, explains Teresa during our interview at the Mobile World Congress 2025.” We also had a Portfolio of telephone numbers for seniors, with large, first fixed and then mobile keys. “ What began as a specialized line has led the company to a dominant position in Spain: “We have become the first Spanish telephone brand for seniors, we have 50% of that market,” says the directive. The silent revolution: from 2g to 4g While the technological world revolts around The latest ©SPC has demonstrated the ability to evolve without losing its essence. Its catalog has been growing with the decades, but always maintaining the focus on a type of accessible and easy -to -use devices. That approach also has its own technological risks. In this case, a question of networks: “These devices are 2g, but you have to change to 4g by The blackouts that are going to be done. All these devices will stop working, so we decided to launch the catalog in 4G. ”What was cost savings because it made no sense to aim at ultra -granted speeds also finds its expiration date. This technological change has meant a great change for the company: “We went from transmitting voice to transmit data. That makes a ‘silly’ device have some intelligence. With the 4G we saw that we could exchange data, that is, send orders.” And that forced paradigm change led them to A much deeper change: the hardware for the service. Taking advantage of the 4G jump, SPC has developed a platform called SPC Carelaunched at the end of last year. “It is an app that is usually downloaded a responsible, a child,” explains the CEO. “It allows to manage the entire device menu, contacts, volume, brightness … It also has functions for the child, such as locating the father’s mobile by GPS or seeing his SMS.” The latter, he points, not so much to invade his privacy and to prevent The frauds that have found in the SMS a great ally. In it MWC 2025 The company presented new functions for this platform: “We have incorporated new actions, for example, a medication reminder. We have an agenda in which to schedule days and hours for a specific message to arrive, which we can write, and thus will come in a personalized way.” The most interesting thing is how this reminder is delivered: “That message will not come as SMS, because they do not usually read them, but as a voice call.” A detail that demonstrates the company’s knowledge about the real needs of its target audience. This evolution represents a paradigm change for SPC, as its directive acknowledges: “This is being a small great revolution for the company. We have gone from being a hardware company very specialized in the development of the PCBA with engineering in China, to manage applications and data.” Between design and manufacturing Although SPC is presented as a Spanish manufacturer, its productive model reflects the reality of the contemporary technology industry: Design in any country, manufacture in China. Nothing on the other Thursday, nothing we don’t know. However, the degree of involvement of the company in the development of its products varies quite according to the category. It is not a black or white. “It depends on each category, we intervene more in the conceptualization or less,” explains Acha-Forea. “The person in charge is the one who has contact with the manufacturer of the Chipset. The manufacturer of Chipset Sells specific engineering that are the ones that develop the PCBA “. In the most strategic products, the personalization level is very high: “In the tablets, we do everything with engineering in China. From speaking with engineering, and telling him that this is the PCBA, this is the type of plate, we want this type of battery here, this here, this here …”. The CEO is clear on which products they have more intervention: “Tablets and smartphones for seniors are own molds, they are ours. When it is its own mold, it is its own PCBA and its own engineering.” Current Catalog of SPC smartphones. Image: SPC. At the opposite end are the smallest or generic products: “Some headphones … Well, you choose the headset and say, well, because I want you to change this, … Read more

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