Japan has reached a new longevity record when registering 99,763 people 100 years or olderof which 88% are women, consolidating as the more aged society of the world and with the greatest life expectancy, attributed to healthy diets, low rates of obesity and an active culture in old age. However, this figure also has a face B: the birthday collapse and a lack of labor that has become a first -order problem.
Or maybe on one occasion.
The demographic challenge. Japan, with almost a 30% of its population Above 65, it has become a world laboratory where it is tested if automation can replace the labor that disappears.
The country faces a shortage of workers in essential sectors such as Transportation and logisticswhat has placed companies like Amazon at the forefront of a decisive experiment: demonstrate that robotics and artificial intelligence can maintain the rhythm of fast deliveries in an increasingly aged environment.
More robots than humans. In the Logistics Center of Chiba, near Tokyo, Amazon has deployed a Arsenal of Technologies that not only multiplies the ability to 40% storage Regarding a conventional warehouse, but it already has more robots than human employees.
There, an automatic machine adjusts the paper packaging to the exact size of each product, while a classification system coordinates multiple items to pack them in a single shipment. The objective is that repetitive work disappears and that the process wins in speed and efficiency, with the support of the artificial intelligence model Deepfleetcapable of coordinating the entire robotic fleet and that has already improved a 10% performance. However, and despite technological sophistication, humans remain indispensable: they are responsible for carrying the packages, a critical phase of the distribution chain.
The decline of transport. Because, in reality, the most pressing challenge is found in the transport of goods. With a third of drivers about to retire and a forecast of 30% reduction in the workforce by 2030 (which will mean falling to the 480,000 active truck drivers), The Japanese logistics system faces a crisis of historical magnitudes.
The problem worsened with the called “Question 2024”a new legislation that limits driving hours and that has further cut the availability of chóferes. Companies like SBS holdings have opted for Immediate solutionssuch as the hiring of hundreds of foreign workers, aware that autonomous driving is still far from offering a large -scale viable alternative.
Japanese skepticism. Plus: Despite the image of Japan as “land of robots”, reality in the country’s stores is far from that perception. According to Interact analysis dataoutside the Amazon ecosystem there are barely 0.17 robots per warehouse, compared to 0.68 in the United States and 0.57 in China.
The cause It is multiple: a mountainous geography that forces to build small logistics and several floors, an electronic commerce market that only represents the 10% of retail sales (well below 27% in the United Kingdom) and very high installation costs that dissuade many companies. Nippon Express, one of the greats in the sector, has tried Advanced systems As autonomous wheelbarrows, mobile shelves and robotic chairs for operators, but their managers do not yet trust that these investments can be amortized soon.
The survival dilemma. The substantive issue transcends profitability calculations. As warns in the Financial Times Akira Unno, from Nippon Express, Japan has entered a stage where there is not enough generational relief: the country today has just one million 18 -year -old young people, compared to two million past decades.
The debate, then, is no longer whether a robot can save costs, but if the national logistics can continue working Without a radical transformation. For companies like Amazon, the way It is clear: Expand automation to local distribution centers and bring artificial intelligence to the final client. For others, the question remains more than open: how many years are needed to recover the investment and if, even with patience, there will be enough hands to hold the supply chain in a country where demography seems to play against any economic calculation.
Image | Teo Romera
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