When a town found a dead whale on its beaches, it decided to dynamite it. 55 years later they still celebrate it

One of the most excessive and gory stories you have ever heard in your life is also one of the funniest, because for a change it does not involve the suffering of any living being, but rather a series of unfortunate decisions and systematic ignorance of the laws of physics. It is the story of the whale Oregon explosion, a crazy event that just turned 55 years old… and is still being celebrated. The problem. On November 12, 1970, engineers from the Oregon Highway Division, which is in charge of road traffic on a day-to-day basis, encountered an unusual dilemma on the beach in the small coastal town of Florence: getting rid of a dead eight-ton sperm whale that had been decomposing in the sun for three days. After consulting with the Navy about demolition techniques, the team decided to apply a solution as direct as it was disastrous to the corpse: half a ton of dynamite (twenty boxes), in the hope of pulverizing the cetacean. The seagulls would be in charge of cleaning up the remains. Good marines, bad advisors. The consultation turned out to be counterproductive. The marines advised on demolition with explosives, their specialty, but no one consulted marine biologists or coastal wildlife experts. Walter Umenhofer, a local businessman with military experience, warned Thornton that twenty boxes of dynamite was excessive: he recommended twenty individual cartridges or, if not, a much larger amount to completely pulverize organic tissue. His advice was ignored. Boom. The detonation, at 3:45 PM, caused a 30 meter high sand and grease apocalypsethrowing whale fragments in all directions. Blocks of tissue and muscle the size of coffee tables fell on spectators located at a safe distance of more than 400 meters from the explosion point. The screams of excitement from the hundred or so spectators turned into screams of horror as fragments of tissue fell from the sky. Some of the pieces of fat, almost a meter long, crushed the roof of a vehicle. The smell of burning flesh lingered for days and the seagulls never appeared. The decision of George Thornton, responsible for the action, lacked technical basis from the beginning. In one previous interviewadmitted: “I’m sure it will work. The only thing we’re not sure about is exactly how much dynamite we’ll need to break this… thing up, so the seagulls and crabs and other scavengers can clean it up.” Thornton decided to treat the cetacean like a rock on a road: half a ton of explosives strategically placed under the animal, in the hope that the force would propel the remains into the Pacific. What to do with a whale. Cetacean strandings have posed logistical dilemmas for coastal authorities for decades. Prior to the development of unified scientific protocols (that prioritize scientific necropsy on rapid elimination), methods for dealing with dead whales often relied on improvisation. The most common options They included burial on the beach, towing out to sea for sinking, or simply allowing the animal to decompose naturally. Today, disposal methods have evolved: countries such as South Africa, Iceland and Australia continue to use controlled explosives after towing cetaceans out to seabut the United States ended up abandoning this practice. When 41 sperm whales stranded near Florence in 1979, authorities They buried them without hesitation. Hunting In 1970, Oregon lacked specific guidelines for these cases. The Oregon Highway Division had jurisdiction over state beaches (an administrative quirk arising from the legal consideration of coastlines as part of the public highway system) but no expertise in marine biology. When the sperm whale arrived in Florence, George Thornton publicly admitted that he had been assigned to the case.”because his supervisor had gone hunting“. The closest precedent had been successful because of its modesty: two years earlier, in 1968, authorities in Long Beach, Washington, had managed a similar stranding through a conventional burial without incident. The unforgettable video. All was immortalized by KATU journalist Paul Linnman, who arrived on the scene initially frustrated by what he considered a menial assignment. Until he found out the amount of dynamite involved. With cameraman Doug Brazil documented the event on 16mm film with live magnetically recorded audio, a format that, unlike video, would retain its visual quality for decades. On. After the disaster, most of the sperm whale remained intact on the beach. Highway Division workers spent the afternoon manually burying the remains, including huge sections of the animal that were not moved from the explosion point. Thornton declared to Bacon that same afternoon that everything had gone “well…except that the explosion dug a hole in the sand beneath the whale,” directing the force upward rather than toward the ocean. decades laterThornton continued to defend the operation as a technical success distorted by hostile media coverage. It goes viral. For two decades, the incident remained a regional anecdote until comedian Dave Barry resurrected history in his Miami Herald column on May 20, 1990. Titled “The Far Side Comes to Life in Oregon,” in reference to the immortal series by gary larson. His description of the event introduced the American public to the concept of “epic fail” before the digital age popularized the term. The Oregon Department of Transportation received calls from angry people, convinced the incident had occurred recently. Which makes the exploding whale one of the first stories to go viral on the internet. Beyond the meme. The phenomenon transcended the purely digital. In 2015, Oregon indie musician Sufjan Stevens released the song ‘Exploding Whale‘, where it said “Embrace the epic failure of my exploiting whale”. Of course, the event appeared on ‘The Simpsons’, in the 2010 episode ‘The Squirt and the Whale’. In 2020, the Oregon Historical Society commissioned a 4K restoration of the original 16mm footage of the news story. The laughs. 55 years later, that fiasco in public management has been transformed into folklore and local heritage. In 2024, Florence declared November as “Exploding Whale Month”and the city celebrates the anniversary with a festival that culminates with the “Superlative … Read more

There is a whale that has been alive for more than two centuries. And it has things to teach us

Stopping aging is one of the objectives that a field of science has right now that is very focused, above all, on preventing diseases as serious as cancer that can be associated with being older. Now the secret does not seem to be in a hidden book, but on a bowhead whale what is one of the oldest known mammals with a life expectancy that exceeds 200 years. A headache. This combination of size and longevity has been a problem for biologists for decades. Precisely, more cells (due to their size) and more time (due to their longevity), the greater the probability that one of those cells will accumulate mutations and turn into cancer, as happens in humans. However, this does not seem to affect the bowhead whale: it is not particularly prone to cancer. This apparent contradiction is known like Peto’s paradox. And now, a team of scientists from the University of Rochester believes he has found the key to this resistance. The importance. With the passage of time, humans accumulate different mutations in our cells that a priori They couldn’t be more important. The change of one nucleotide for another in a very complex sequence of a protein may not alter the resulting amino acid, and it is very common, since our ‘genetic photocopiers’ such as DNA polymerases they are not perfect and they make mistakes in their work when it comes to replicating DNA. And it is precisely in these errors that the probability of suffering from a major disease such as cancer increases. Above all, it is worrying when these errors accumulate throughout life. This makes finding ‘the secret of eternal youth’ crucial for humans and the control of devastating diseases. When we think about anti-aging we automatically imagine wrinkle-free skin, but beyond aesthetics, science is interested in how young the cells are. And this is where the question is that now focuses on the genome of these whales that seem to hold the key to understanding how to reverse our molecular aging. The hypotheses. Why a whale has such a high life expectancy despite its size has led to different scenarios being considered. The first of them is that the whale can have extra defenses, as happens in elephants that have evolved to have extra copies of tumor suppressor genes, such as the TP53. Basically, they have more “police” monitoring the genome so that, the moment there is a cancer cell, it is eliminated by apoptosis. But when researchers tested the whale’s cells, they got a major surprise. Unexpectedly, bowhead whale fibroblasts required fewer oncogenic “hits” (what we can say are mutations) to undergo malignant transformation than human fibroblasts. That is, they are more likely to develop cancer compared to humans. So how come they don’t develop cancer in the wild? If your cells are, in theory, more vulnerable, where’s the catch? The repair. And the trick is not in have many police officers monitoring our cells to ‘kill’ those that get out of controlbut it is about having a big toolbox to fix everything that is not normal. It is something that the team led by Professor Vera Gorbunova discovered in the cells of the bowhead whale. In this case, instead of eliminating damaged cells in a process called apoptosis, the whale had perfected the art of repairing them. Their cells showed an “enhanced” ability and fidelity to repair DNA double-strand breaks, which are the most dangerous type of genomic damage. This results in lower mutation rates than present in other mammalian cells. A protein. The person responsible for this super repair is a protein called CIRBP (cold-inducible RNA binding protein). And the name is no coincidence. These types of animals spend their entire lives in the icy waters of the Arctic, and it seems essential to activate this repair system that is present 100 times more frequent in these animals than in humans. And CIRBP seems a real swiss army knife of repair for everything it can do within the whale’s body. Something that can be summarized in the following points: It protects DNA from degradation so that it ‘holds up’ to being repaired. Reduces the formation of ‘micronuclei’, a clear sign of genomic instability and chromosomal damage. It increases the precision of DNA repair so that the genetic material ends up well assembled and without any type of error. In short, we are talking about a conservative strategy of nature: instead of discarding cells that may still be useful, the whale invests in meticulously repairing them. This not only prevents cancer, but also contributes to its exceptional longevity, as it keeps tissues functional for longer. In humans. The question in this case is whether we can take advantage of this great repair capacity within our body. To do this, the research team introduced the whale protein CIRBP into human cells and the result was a success: the protein improved the efficiency of DNA repair in our own cells. But the star experiment was done with fruit flies. In this case, the researchers engineered the flies to overexpress the CIRBP protein (both the human and whale versions) and the results showed a much longer lifespan and greater resistance to the ionizing radiation that destroys our DNA. The next step is now to breed mice with enhanced levels of CIRBP to see if it also makes them live longer, and who knows if it finally somehow becomes a drug that could be very useful especially for those people who are more likely to suffer from cancer. Cover | Wikipedia In Xataka | “Guided missiles” are revolutionizing cancer treatment. And they are already giving results

We have been creating whale bones to tools for a long time. Before even learning to hunt them

For centuries, whale hunting was a weight sector in the coastal areas of the Gulf of Bizkaia. Everything took advantage of this animal, or almost everything: the meat served as food and fat served as oil to enliven the flames of the lamps before electricity and oil. His bones have also been A valuable resource Throughout history. Now we know that also during prehistory. Prehistoric tools. A group of researchers, including scientists from the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology of the Autonomous University of Barcelona, He has discovered Tools made of whale bone. The analysis of De Ha throws an estimated age of between 19,000 and 20,000 years. The 83 tools were found In various deposits Distributed by the coast of the Gulf of Bizkaia, including the Cantabrian coast and points in southern France. To these tools you have to add another 90 unrelated bones found in the Cave of Santa Catalina, Located in the Biscay town of Lekeitio. The bone remains would have belonged to specimens of at least five different species, including species such as the sperm whale, the common whale and the blue whale that can still be found in the waters of the Gulf and the gray whale, already disappeared from that environment with a more restricted habitat to areas of the northern Pacific and the Arctic Oceans, explains the team Investigating what and when. For the identification of the species and dating the tools, the equipment resorted to the mass spectrometry techniques and radiocarbon dating. Thus they managed to find the origin of the tools in the five species mentioned above. It was also like the team determined that it was, In words of the Jean-Marc Pétillon group “some of the oldest known evidences of human use of whale remains as tools.” “Zooms is a very powerful technique to investigate the past diversity of marine mammals, especially when there are missing diagnostic morphometric elements in bone remains and objects, something common in artifacts made of bones,” explained in a press release Krista McGrath, co -author of the study. Chemical analysis. The study also involved a chemical analysis of the sample. Thanks to this, the team was able to find out data on the eating habits of the whales, which “differed slightly from those of their modern counterparts.” This implies possible changes in the behavior of cetaceans, or in the marine ecosystem itself. The details of the study were published In an article In the magazine Nature Communications. 20,000 years hunting whales? The conclusion that the human being has 20 millennia hunting whales is tempting, but the team responsible for the study considers it “extremely unlikely.” The most likely hypothesis is that the Pleistocene hunters would have taken advantage of the arrival of stranded whales to the coast to obtain their bones and manufacture from them “It is extremely unlikely that these species would have been accessible to the hunters collecting European pelistocene in another way that were not through passive acquisition methods, such as the opportunistic acquisition of stranded whales or the arrival on the coast of corpses,” says the article. “There is no evidence (…) that the collection hunters of the European Pleistocene had the necessary technologies to hunt these species, such as navigation (…).” Change of sea level. Study coastal life in glacial ages since the present coastline is relatively Far from the coastline typical of the last glaciation, although the extension of the lands flooded after the end of the last glacial era differs between area and area. Within the Gulf of Bizkaia, for example, we can appreciate a greater area flooded on the French coast and therefore a greater decline of the coastal line in contrast to the Cantabrian coast. In any case, the coastal recession implies the loss of valuable coastal deposits now flooded by the Atlantic waters. Deposits that could hide countless data that could help us to know better these life modes of the millennium coastal peoples behind in time. In Xataka | The history of the last whale hunted in Spain, on October 21, 1985 Image | ICTA-UAB/Alexandre Lefebvre

Pis and whale droppings

In the huge list of unsolved puzzles that science has for a long time the stools of the whales. We knew that these animals ascended from the marine depths where they usually feed and made their needs near the surface. Drawing a parallelism with the fertilization processes in the signing land, this led to the cetologists to imagine each of these promotions of the whales as a festival for shallowwater species. And the truth is that it is. What nobody even dared to imagine was THE PIS. “Pis”? Indeed. Ballena Pis is a very serious matter: only one of these bugs can produce almost 1000 liters of urine a day. Despite this, no one had stopped to think that this dark yellow liquid that stains the water green where it passes could be more than pee. Until now. “The great surprise of the study is that urine far exceeds the other sources of nitrogen”, Joe Roman explainedConservation Biologist at the University of Vermont. And, even if it seems, he has his crumb. Do you miss any nutrient? Ask for a bearded whale! From what Roman’s team has discovered, Barbadas whales transport huge amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from the polar areas where they feed on the tropical areas where they raise. In good part of the process they depend on the reserves that accumulated in the polar regions. And without those critical nutrients that expel, “many marine plants and animals would not survive.” A “pump” of nutrients. The team He examined The amount of nutrients that moved the Barbadas whales through the ocean, but not only with their pee. They also examined the impact of their placentas and their corpses. According to your estimates, Every year, every barbada Move 3,784 tons of nitrogen and 46,512 tons of organic matter in areas with few nutrients. And that is a lot. Lot. According to Roman“in a place like Hawaii, whales provide more nitrogen than the wind and currents transport.” In fact, Heidi Pearson explained From the University of Alaska Southeast, in National Geographic, “these nutrients stimulate the growth of phytoplankton on the surface of the ocean and also enrich deep water ecosystems.” A world we leave. Little by little we began to intuit the enormous impact it produced Hunting (and almost extinction) of whales: For centuries we have dedicated ourselves to removing vital ecological mechanisms without being aware of what we were doing. Now that we know, a good part of the economy and the societies of the world are so accustomed to it that it is very difficult to back down. But the idea that the ocean would be very different without the pee and the whale droppings remind us that there is still a lot to do. Image | Mike Doherty In Xataka | Whale hunting over the years has had an unexpected effect: it has affected its genetic diversity

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