Line 6 of the Madrid metro is about to become the first line in the network to operate with fully automatic trains. There will be no driver, but more frequency, more capacity and less electricity consumption are expected. The project, valued at 300 million euros, will end in 2027 and has the objective of transforming the most used Madrid suburban line into one of the most advanced in Europe.
A technical achievement. The Circular transports daily about 400,000 peoplemaking it the busiest line on the entire network. Automating it entails both a technical and logistical challenge, since they must maintain the service while the electrical infrastructure is renovated and security systems, such as platform doors, are installed. Madrid Metro describe as “a new technical achievement in the history of the suburban”, and no wonder. It will be the largest renovation since 2008 and will affect more than 11% of the current fleet.
In detail. Automation requires profound changes to the infrastructure. The most important one is increasing catenary tensionfrom 600 to 1,500 volts, a jump necessary to power the new trains and reduce electrical consumption by up to 30% on L6. Across the entire network, the savings will be 3.6%, according to inform the organism. The works include the comprehensive renovation of seven electrical substations and the installation of automatic doors on the platforms. The Community of Madrid has invested more than 450 million euros in the purchase of 40 new convoys manufactured by CAF, designed to coincide with the openings of the current carriages and facilitate the transition.
How it affects the user. The new trains promise a passing frequency of two minutes33% more speed and 17% more capacity by eliminating the driver’s cabins. All this translates into less waiting time and more space for travelers. But the process has not been easy. The works, which began in May 2024 and will last until the end of the year, have forced complete sections of the line to close. The buses replaced the service, although it was insufficient given the demand, forming collapses in stations like Moncloa.
A first step. Madrid is betting on automation not only to improve its service, but as its particular strategy to aspire to sustainability. Reducing electricity consumption and increasing energy efficiency fit with European decarbonisation targets of public transportation. Furthermore, the project places Madrid in the select group of cities with fully automatic metro lines. We can see examples of these in Copenhagen or Lille, among others. Now it remains to be seen if the L6 project will be replicated on the rest of the lines.
And now what. The works will continue until the end of the yearand it is expected that starting January 1 all stations will be open to the public during their usual hours. However, full automation of the network will not come until 2027, when the new trains enter service. Until then, the Madrid metro will continue to be a testing ground. The good thing is that if it works, the L6 will be the perfect showcase for what awaits the future of public transportation in the city.
Cover image | Madrid Metro
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