gasoline

Repsol already has its special gasoline called Nexa 95. One that is suitable for (almost) any vehicle

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Repsol now has its first gasoline “of 100% renewable origin on an industrial scale” available. It is, they say, a fuel with which all the emissions that come out of the exhaust pipe are compensated during its production. It is known as Nexa 95 and is now available at some gas stations in Spain. What is Nexa 95? As our colleagues point out Motorpassion Motorcycleit is possible that if you have gone to a Repsol gas station this summer you have noticed that they have a new pump. In it you can find what is known as Nexa 95, a fuel that was presented last October but its availability has been increasing. This gasoline is the fruit of development that tries to find an alternative option for combustion engines. The idea is simple: compensate during production for the polluting emissions that are produced during the burning of fuel in the engine. Specifically, you can find this new gasoline in more than 30 service stations throughout the national territory. How renewable? At Repsol they assure that these fuels are renewable because, to begin with, they reduce the emissions that come out of our car’s exhaust pipe by 70%. However, their information does not specify what these data are based on nor do they offer more specific estimates or figures. The company points out that not only the fumes that come out of the exhaust pipe must be taken as a reference. To understand why it is considered renewable You have to look at the entire production process, from its generation to its distribution. And, of course, they focus on the possibility that it offers for combustion cars to generate fewer emissions and remain competitive despite emissions restrictions. How do they do it? It is one of the big questions because Repsol barely gives any information in its information. In the case of gasoline, they point out that Nexa 95 is produced in Tarragona and the diesel version, Nexa Diesel, is produced in Cartagena. The leap forward is that they use hydrogenation to subject used cooking oils and other organic waste to the action of hydrogen. With this they eliminate impurities and oxygen from the waste, producing “molecules very similar to those of conventional fuels.” These fuels are compatible with current combustion engines. When this new gasoline was presented last October, Repsol did not want to give more details about the formula with which they achieve this result. In fact, in Car and Driver They pointed out during a first test of it that those responsible for the product had refused to share any information about the formula used. And synthetic fuels? When we talk about these fuels Do not confuse them with synthetic fuels.. The latter are born in a laboratory, applying hydrogen to the mixture but also using CO2 captured from the atmosphere. A synthetic fuel, such as those that Porsche is trying to produce on an industrial scale, is obtained by separating hydrogen molecules from water through electrolysis. During this process, a station captures CO2 from the atmosphere through a filter that “cleans” the air. When the CO2 filter is clogged, it is heated so that the CO2 is stored in a tank. Combining the latter with hydrogen produces methanol. While renewable fuels claim to be carbon neutral because they are recycling waste organic matter and reducing polluting tailpipe emissions, synthetic fuel producers argue that the CO2 captured during the process is so high that combustion engine emissions are offset. The problems. The main problem with this last fuel is that the energy that must be used to produce it is enormous. In fact, it is much less efficient than the use of electricity in an electric car and that means that its price right now is exorbitant. The advantage is to be able to keep historic cars and great sports cars alive and that is why Germany and Porsche are fully involved in the project. Renewable fuel, as would happen with these synthetic fuels, comes with a higher price than conventional gasoline. This is another of the major drawbacks for its implementation since, given the choice, the customer is likely to prioritize savings over reducing emissions with their own car. And can it be used with any car? Yes and no. In general terms, the answer is positive because, in fact, it is designed precisely so that it can be used by the largest possible number of vehicles. If your car can refuel with 95 gasoline (the vast majority of gasoline cars) it can use this Repsol fuel. However, the colleagues of Motorpassion Motorcycle Remember that there are very old motorcycles for which it is not advisable to use this type of fuel. It is also not the best for engines where it is recommended to use 98 octane gasoline. Not, at least, if you want to get the most out of it. Photo | Repsol In Xataka | Porsche is very clear about where its survival lies: synthetic fuel and classics

A startup has created a machine that makes gasoline with air, water and electricity. It is your bet to save the combustion engine

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Aircela, a New York startup, has taught the world a machine capable of manufacturing gasoline using only air, water and renewable electricity. The device, which is not exactly small, has already been shown in operation in several public demonstrations and aims to become an alternative to biofuels and a solution for those who are not yet willing to switch to electric. Below these lines we tell you all the details. What has happened? The company presented its technology in 2025. According to collected Popular Science, its CEO, Eric Dahlgren, wanted to make it clear that it was not a simple concept on paper. “We haven’t built a prototype. We’ve built a machine that works,” he said. The goal of Aircela, founded in 2019 by Eric and Mia Dahlgren, is that this fuel can be poured directly into the tank of any gasoline car without touching the engine. How it works. According to they count those responsible, the process is divided into three phases. First, a fan introduces air into the machine, which passes through a network capable of retaining CO2 and generating a liquid carbon solution. An electrolyzer then separates that solution while producing hydrogen from water. Finally, a compressor combines both elements to create methanol, which is refined into ready-to-use gasoline. The result, as detailed by the company itself in different demonstrations, is a fuel without sulfur, ethanol or heavy metals, compatible with current engines without the need for any modification. Between the lines. Current performance is, for now, modest. And each machine captures around 10 kilos of CO2 per day and thus produces a single gallon of gasoline (about 3.8 liters), with a storage capacity of up to 17 gallons (about 65 liters) in the tank, according to share the middle. This means that we would not be able to fill a car’s tank for several days. Furthermore, just as share In Futurism, the process consumes approximately twice as much energy as is ultimately stored in the fuel, putting its efficiency below 50%. Even so, Aircela maintains that using independent solar panels, the electricity cost would remain below a dollar and a half per gallon. The but. Dahlgren insists that its technology does not compete with the electric car, but rather complements it in those uses where replacing the vehicle is not viable in the short term, such as freight transportation, motor racing or areas without sufficient electrical infrastructure. In fact, the ABC7 media points out that the company has no intention of manufacturing larger machines to produce more fuel, but rather of multiplying the number of units, something similar to how a solar farm works. Who is behind. Aircela has managed to raise nearly $5.5 million to date, according to data from Pitchbook. Its investors include Chris Larsen, founder of Ripple; Jeff Ubben, ExxonMobil activist advisor; and Maersk Growth, the venture capital fund of the Danish shipping company AP Moller-Maersk. Morten Bo Christiansen, head of energy transition at Maersk, explained in a statement collected by Carbon Herald that the shipping company invested because of the startup’s innovative approach and that it hopes, over time, to go from being an investor to becoming a client. The technology, furthermore, draws directly from the work of physicist Klaus Lackner, pioneer of direct air capture and Dahlgren’s former mentor during his PhD at Columbia University. And now what. There is still no talk of commercial deployment, but the first uses of this machine would be focused on industrial, commercial clients and areas without access to the electrical grid, according to share from Interesting Engineering. Aircela has also negotiated with several car manufacturers, including Jaguar Land Rover, as well as an American manufacturer and another German whose names it did not reveal, according to they claim from Observer. The price of each unit could range between 15,000 and 20,000 dollars, as share from Futurism, although Aircela is confident that mass production will lower the cost over time. Images | Aircela In Xataka | The wildest work in the North Sea: a colossal artificial island where half of Europe wants to plug in to receive energy

A Galician gas station already knows the consequences of confusing diesel with gasoline

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Everything seemed to be going well. Well. Neither good nor bad. Everything seemed to be going normally. Until someone raised the alarm. The hose with 95 gasoline was not adding 95 gasoline. And what’s worse, it was not adding gasoline. The green hose was feeding gasoline cars with diesel. This is what happened a few days ago at the Repsol gas station in Ribadeo (Lugo). There, customers have spent almost five hours refueling diesel in their gasoline cars due to an error while filling the tanks. The company already assures that it will take care of all repairs. 270 minutes That is the time between 12:49 and 17:19. That is also the time that the Repsol gas station next to Ribadeo has been supplying diesel instead of gasoline to the cars that stopped at said station, as they have accepted in a statement published through the social networks of the Association of Industrial Traders, Services and Self-Employed (ACISA). It explains that the confusion comes from an error during filling the tanks with the tanker truck. This has meant that for four and a half hours, a mixture of gasoline and diesel has been served to those who wanted to refuel with 95 gasoline. Click on the image to go to the original post “We sincerely apologize to all those affected. We take responsibility for the breakdowns resulting from this incident,” they say in the statement while encouraging all those affected to stop the car as soon as possible, report to the insurance and get in touch through this website. At all gas stations, the diesel hose openings are wider than the gasoline ones, to avoid this mistake. Thus, unless you get stubborn and look for the most unexpected tricks to put diesel into a gasoline car (as happened to former soccer player Dani Güiza)it is very difficult to fall into this error. If it happens as in this Galician case, fill a tank with diesel It can cause serious damage to the car if we start driving it and don’t realize it until it stops completely. And diesel will cause the car’s power to drop and start to emit large amounts of smoke. After running in fits and starts, it will stop. This is a real problem because you have to empty and clean the tank but in the workshop they also have to do an arduous task to clean the spark plugs, the injectors and all the components through which the diesel has passed. When the amount of fuel refueled is low, we could continue driving, but it has to be very low. In this case, the diesel will be mixed in part with the gasoline, so if the tank has not been filled much, the situation may not have been very serious. On the other hand, those who have filled the tank will have to do a deep cleaning of all the components. Photo | Wassim Chouak and Google Maps In Xataka | We thought that gasoline cars were much cleaner than diesel cars. We did not have the effect of the sun

CATL wants a battery as powerful as gasoline. And he will trust his plan: lithium-air

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CATL has prepared a very interesting roadmap for us over the next few years. With an energy transition increasingly accentuated in the automotive industry, there are several battery technologies that will fight for permanence in the next decade. Wu Kai, chief scientist of CATL and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, advertisement At the Equipment and Energy Forum 2026, the company has identified lithium-air technology as the strategic front where the next great global battery battle will be fought. It is the first time that CATL makes this bet officially public. Why this ad matters. CATL controls 47% of the global electric vehicle battery market, according to April 2026 datawhich means we are talking about the world’s largest battery manufacturer by market share. The company has also accumulated five consecutive years as a leader in global energy storage, with a share of 30.4% in 2025. So, when its chief scientist points out a technology as the battlefield of the future, the industry listens. What exactly is a lithium-air battery. Unlike conventional lithium ion batteries, which use heavy metal compounds (nickel, cobalt, manganese) to house lithium ions, lithium-air batteries dispense with that solid cathode and replace these materials with oxygen taken directly from ambient air. The anode is pure metallic lithium. The result is a lighter system with an open architecture, which has led researchers to call them “breathable batteries”. Without so much dead weight inside the cell, the potential energy density skyrockets. The numbers. The theoretical energy density of this technology reaches 12,000 Wh/kg, a figure comparable to that of gasoline, which is around 13,000 Wh/kg. The lithium ion batteries that equip electric cars today offer between 250 and 270 Wh/kg. Solid-state batteries, considered the next big leap, aim for about 500 Wh/kg. The lithium-air prototypes already developed in the laboratory have exceeded 1,200 Wh/kg, more than four times the capacity of current batteries. If this technology were commercialized, we would be talking about electric cars with ranges of more than 1,600 kilometers on a single charge. A problem that comes from the 70s. The lithium-air battery concept is not new. And just as share CarNewsChina, its theoretical foundations were laid out in the 1970s. The problem is that taking it from theory to practice has proven extraordinarily difficult. The cells are very sensitive to humidity and carbon dioxide present in the air, which causes rapid degradation. Added to this are problems with catalyst stability and a very short useful life. But there is real progress. In 2024, a joint team from the University of Illinois Chicago, Argonne National Laboratory and California State University Northridge managed to demonstrate a lithium-air battery capable of exceeding 700 charge cycles in an environment similar to real air. A year later, in 2025, Argonne National Laboratory and the Illinois Institute of Technology developed a prototype that reached 1,200 Wh/kg with a life of 1,000 cycles at room temperature. According to collect CarNewsChina, this design is not expected to be ready for use in vehicles before 2030. The key to the breakthrough was, among other things, replacing liquid electrolytes (which are flammable) with a solid matrix composed of a ceramic polymer with lithium-rich nanoparticles, which stabilizes the cell during high-energy cycles. How does this fit into CATL’s strategy. The company already has experience in converting alternative technologies into market products. An example is sodium-ion batteries, which were proposed by the company in 2020 and This same year they are already being mass producedinstalled in models such as the GAC Aion UT, the Changan Oshan 520 and vehicles from Geely, Chery and FAW. According to explained Kai in the forum, the company’s strategy is planned in the short term to offer mature technologies to meet current demand; in the medium term, solid state batteries to improve the experience in premium vehicles; and in the long term, lithium-air with the intention of exploring the physical limits of energy storage. Between the lines. Betting on lithium-air now is not waiting for a product for next year. Just like points out Gasgoo, for large companies, investing in these frontier technologies serves above all to accumulate patents, secure strategic positions and build technical reserves, not to generate short-term income. It is something like a move to avoid surprises in case another company decides to announce a disruptive technology. Cover image | CATL In Xataka | Peugeot, on PureTech engines: “We recognize that we have done things wrong”

In case there was not enough “gasoline” in 2026, the attack by a Russian drone has crossed a red line: that of Chernobyl

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In the early 1980s, a Soviet satellite detected what appeared to be the launch of several US nuclear missiles. The duty officer, Stanislav Petrov, suspected that something was wrong and decided not to report of an imminent attack. He was right: the sensors had mistaken reflections of the sun on the clouds for real missiles. That decision avoided a possible nuclear escalation during one of the most tense moments of the Cold War. Chernobyl, again. In a war where drones are already They attack strategic airfieldsmilitary bases and industrial centers located hundreds of kilometers from the front, it seemed difficult to find a new red line. However, a russian attack against a facility related to spent nuclear fuel near Chernobyl has revived one of Europe’s most persistent ghosts. There was no radioactive leak nor were safety limits exceeded, but the simple fact that a drone hit an infrastructure linked to the site of the worst nuclear accident of modern history was enough to generate international alarm. Almost forty years after the 1986 disaster, the name Chernobyl still have a unique ability to raise concern inside and outside Ukraine. Nuclear storage facility severely damaged in Chernobyl exclusion zone after Russian drone attacks The exclusion zone. According to Ukrainian authoritiesa Russian Shahed-type drone crashed into the reception building of the Centralized Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Facility located in the Chernobyl exclusion zone at dawn. The explosion caused significant damage into the structure and sparked a fire that was quickly extinguished. There were no victims and the stored nuclear fuel was not directly affected, since the containers were not in the area hit by the attack. Even so, the installation is part of the infrastructure intended to store for decades waste from Ukrainian nuclear power plants, which made the incident a matter of great political and strategic sensitivity. Why worry? The concern did not arise because of the material damage, but because of what could have happened in a worse scenario. The International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed that very close to the building reached there is a large amount of nuclear material stored under strict security measures. Although radiation levels remained normal, the episode once again brought to the table an issue that accompanies the conflict. from 2022: the vulnerability of nuclear facilities in a war where drones, missiles and long-range attacks are part of the daily routine. Each incident forces us to remember that infrastructure designed to operate in peacetime now exists within a combat zone. A constant pressure. The attack is not an isolated event. Over the past few years, war has repeatedly placed nuclear facilities Ukrainians at the center of international concern. The best known example is Zaporizhia power stationthe largest in Europe, occupied by Russian forces since 2022 and a common scene of cross accusations about bombings, sabotage and security threats. Added to this is the precedent February 2025when another drone damaged the gigantic confinement arch built to cover reactor number 4 at Chernobyl. Although a radiological emergency did not occur then, the incident damaged part of the structure’s protection capabilities. A symbolic dimension. Beyond its physical effects, the attack seems to have an enormous symbolic weight. Ukraine presents it as a demonstration that Russia is willing to take risks related to nuclear security to increase pressure over kyiv. Moscow, for its part, has not acknowledged any responsibility. The truth is that the episode occurred in a moment of intensification of long-range attacks by both sides, with drones hitting increasingly deeper and more sensitive targets. In this context, reaching a facility linked to Chernobyl sends a message that transcends the battlefield and also seeks to impact international public perception. The return of European nuclear fear. we have been counting. The war in Ukraine has shown that the nuclear risks of the 21st century are not limited to atomic weapons. Power plants, spent fuel depots, energy supply lines and complex security infrastructures can become targets or get caught up in the conflict. That’s why he Chernobyl incident has had such an impact despite not causing immediate radiological consequences. In a Europe already marked by war, the arms race and tensions between great powers, the attack has served to remind us that the legacy of Chernobyl is still present. He 1986 accident It belongs to the past, but the fear it inspires continues to be one of the most powerful psychological tools on the continent. Image | IAEA ImagebankEnergoatom/Telegram In Xataka | We had been wondering for years why the Chernobyl wild boars were so radioactive. The answer was not in the accident In Xataka | Cartography of a nuclear disaster: the maps that 40 years later reveal the real magnitude of Chernobyl

Gasoline hoses have a tiny hole at the end. Without chips involved, it is the smartest piece in the entire supplier

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If you’ve ever paid attention to the pump while filling up, you may have noticed that it has a small hole located near the tip of the metal nozzle. That little hole is, possibly, the most ingenious piece of the entire set. And it is responsible for the hose “knowing” when to stop adding fuel and stopping on its own with that characteristic click. What exactly is it. This small hole is located at the end of the pipe (the part that you insert into the tank) and is connected to a thin, secondary tube that runs inside the nozzle parallel to the main fuel line. The nozzle uses the fuel itself that is being pumped to create the effect that activates the automatic cut. So to speak, the little hole does not pour gasoline, but rather breathes air. How it works. The key is in a physical principle called the Venturi effect. While the fuel flows at high speed through a narrowing of the duct, a low pressure zone is generated that sucks air through that small hole in the tip. The Venturi effect occurs because The density of gasoline is greater than that of airand it is precisely this phenomenon that causes the dispenser to turn off automatically when the tank is full. The moment of cutting. When the gasoline level inside the tank rises to cover that hole, the tube stops being able to suck in air. When the airflow is cut off, the suction is triggered and creates a vacuum that pulls on a flexible membrane (a diaphragm) housed in the handle of the nozzle. That movement releases a lever mechanism that slams the main valve shut, stopping fuel instantly. The pressure change causes the diaphragm to “jump”releasing the mechanical lever that closes the valve and ending with a click. And as you may have already noticed, the cut occurs even if you continue to pull the trigger. 100% mechanical. This entire system is purely mechanical. There are no electronic sensors, no chips, no batteries. The handle simply generates a slight vacuum at the tip of the pipe, and if that point becomes clogged, a mechanism closes the valve. It is basic physics applied to this little invention that we use in our routine, and that is capable of detecting even a small amount of fuel, blocking the hole to prevent it from overflowing. Security and cuts. This system prevents gasoline from overflowing from the tank, something that would be dangerous (risk of fire) and polluting. But its usefulness goes beyond safe filling. This extraordinary sensitivity is also the cause of those premature and repeated cuts when the jet turns off even though the tank is not full. The most common cause of these annoying cuts is simply a little gasoline splashing back and covers the hole momentarily, activating the mechanism ahead of time. In cars with short filler tubes, a rapid flow can easily flood that column, so the first recommended remedy is usually to reduce the filling rate. The position of the nozzle and the temperature of the fuel also play a role. In Xataka | The United States has the best electric car chargers in the world. Europe has something more important

While we were looking at gasoline, the Iran crisis has skyrocketed the price of asphalt. And the roads of half the world are already suffering from it

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A few months ago we published in Xataka an article with the following title: Spanish roads have a problem in 2026: repairing a kilometer of asphalt is more expensive than ever. It was February 26, 2026. In it we analyzed the problem that Spain had encountered. Our roads, prepared for a hot and dry climate (especially in the southern half) had suffered very intense days of almost constant rain. It didn’t take long for the holes to appear and neither did the complaints in the media and social networks about the supposed poor condition of the roads. Trying to understand if this is really the case or not and why it is estimated that the State needs to invest some of 13,000 million euros to fix themwe looked to see if it had become more expensive the price of asphalt in recent years. Something that, indeed, was reflected in the aforementioned article. But this, as we said, was published on February 26. Two days later, on February 28, we woke up to the news that the Government of the United States and Israel had launched a joint bombing offensive against Iran. The rest, we already know. Crisis in oil supplya battle for open and close the Hormuz canal and fuel increases for passenger cars and airplanes. But there is something that has also risen. And that something is called asphalt. More expensive than ever (now yes) And in less than three months, which seem to have lasted a lifetime, the headline has become outdated. At the end of last month, Asefma (Spanish Association of Asphalt Mixture Manufacturers) already warned that the price of asphalt was skyrocketing. According to this association, in March alone the average price of asphalt had risen 8.2%. Nothing compared to April, when it did so by 49.3%. He overrun of the final product is due, above all, to the increase in the price of bitumen that acts as a binder for asphalt and is where the increase in the price of oil has the most impact. Asefma has come to consider that the increase in the price of asphalt was putting at risk the viability of the signed contracts or even whether they will be fulfilled or completed if the works have already begun. The truth is that, beyond the possible pressure measures of the employers’ association that defends the interests of its associates, the price of asphalt has skyrocketed inside and outside our country. To understand why asphalt has become more expensive you have to understand what makes it up. The pavement of our roads is made up of dirt and stones that are compacted. They serve as a base but also cushion the weight placed on them to delay the breaking of the asphalt. This asphalt is a bituminous mixture that uses bitumen of different intensity depending on where the road is going to be built. Those that resist heat better tend to be less flexible and those that drain better tend to be more flexible. Therefore, the latter They can melt when temperatures are very high. All components have been affected by the increase in the price of oil. To begin with, the earth and stones have to be transported by heavy vehicles with very high diesel consumption, precisely the fuel that has become most expensive. The same thing happens with the refinement of bitumen or asphalt (what we ultimately step on). If energy costs rise, the price of this product rises. But, in addition, the price of bitumen is closely linked to the price of oil. This product is made from the densest oil in the barrel, the least usable in energy terms and the most expensive to convert into fuel. This product is what is refined to obtain bitumen and, with bombs falling on Iran and the subsequent response on neighboring countries, the production and export of raw materials It has been very diminished, obviously. The American company Victory Paving figure in an increase of between 2 and 3% in the price of asphalt for every 10 dollars that a barrel of oil rises. They also argue that the shortage is greater because the rise in energy costs has an impact on a drop in the production of refineries and these usually prioritize the production of diesel and gasoline over asphalt refining because the fuels are more profitable. Richard Hudock, president of Derry Construction Co., pointed out to the American media who had never suffered a crisis so serious in the 42 years that they had been working, ensuring that the impact of the price of oil on the raw materials and fuel to be able to operate their vehicles put their job at risk this summer. In Argus They point out that the situation in Africa is no better. They point out that the bitumen that reaches countries like South Africa has become almost exclusively dependent on trade with Greece and Türkiye, once the Middle East tap has been closed. This has caused the price of each freighter to triple. If the price of asphalt has grown in the United States, South Africa and Spain, doubts have also grown about what to do in these cases. In the first of these countries It has been proposed to delay the patching of certain streets or highways. But this can cause the problem to worsen and, even if the price of oil falls again in the future, the damage will be deeper and the investment to be made would have to be larger. And the problem is that in the United States, the United Kingdom and Spain we face the same problem. The winters In all of these countries it has been very cold or very rainy, so the condition of the asphalt has been compromised. In BBC They report that the United Kingdom had already increased the budget to repair its roads but that the increase in the price of oil has put this item in check. The result, as … Read more

After gasoline, the war in Iran is about to skyrocket the price of something just as painful: your Zara clothes

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During the oil crisis In 1973, several industries that seemed completely unrelated to energy, such as plastics or fertilizers, suddenly discovered that Your costs could skyrocket in a matter of weeks for decisions made thousands of miles away, altering prices and supply chains in sectors where no one looked at the barrel of crude oil. From oil to the closet. I counted the weekend Reuters that the rise in energy prices after the war in Iran is beginning to filter down a lot beyond gasoline or transportation, reaching a less obvious field: the clothes that reach the stores. The link is direct, because a good part of the textile industry depends on petroleum derivatives, and any tension in that market is quickly transmitted to the materials that support global garment production. The key piece. Polyester dominates the global textile industry with a massive presence in almost all types of clothing, from sportswear to everyday dresses. The problem is that its manufacture depends of compounds such as PTA and MEGwhose cost has skyrocketedabout 30% due to the rise in crude oil, the increase in from Asian suppliers and disruptions in the Middle East. This pressure turns the polyester into the entry point of the energy crisis in fashion, transferring the impact from the energy markets to the fabric of the industry itself. The chain that begins to break. Reuters remembered that the blow is being felt with special intensity in India and Bangladeshtwo pillars of global clothing production. Factories that were previously operating at full capacity have drastically reduced their activity, with looms stopped, production cut by less than half and difficulties in fulfilling international orders. Added to this is the labor shortage in some textile centers, caused by basic energy problems such as the lack of gas, which adds another layer of tension to a system already on the limit. Gain time without escape. Big names emerge here, where companies like Inditex or H&M They are not yet immediately transferring the impact to the consumer thanks to advance purchases and inventory planning, which has allowed them to mitigate and cushion the blow in the short term. Even so, suppliers already they are announcing increases of prices and the absorption margin has a very clear limit. Plus: The use of recycled polyester offers some relief, although its weight remains low within the overall total, limiting its ability to offset current pressure. Costs rise, demand trembles. Thus, the price increase starts to move to threads, dyes, transportation and essential components, generating a chain effect that can end up affecting the volume of orders. For their part, manufacturers warn that, if the situation continues, production will fall and consumers will reduce purchases due to higher prices. The phenomenon, known as demand destructionintroduces an added risk: a simultaneous drop in supply and consumption that affects the entire industry. It’s not just the Zara shirt, but also the shoes. Yes, because the impact of oil aims to spread as well to the footwear sectorwhere derived materials such as foams, adhesives or synthetic soles also depend on petrochemical products. In other words, this means that the pressure on costs will not be limited to t-shirts or pants, but will reach a wide range of products, complicating the price planning and market stability. The crisis where no one was looking. In short, what began as a rise in energy prices It is becoming a structural problem for the fashion industry. In essence, the dependence on oil for key materials turns any conflict into a direct variable. about the final price of the garments. And as pressure builds up in the supply chain, the impact is no longer invisible or minimal, but is slowly but inexorably approaching. consumer pocketsignaling a profound change in how geopolitics can end up being reflected in something as everyday as the shirt that until now you bought for 20 euros. Image | POT, Leitonmahillo In Xataka | If the war resumes again, the US runs a risk unprecedented in the history of war: that the only one with missiles will be Iran. In Xataka | If the question is why the US attacked an Iranian ship with a weapon unprecedented in 40 years, we already know the answer: a “gift from China”

A Cuban mechanic has converted his car to run on charcoal because gasoline is no longer an option

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Juan Carlos Pino, 56, has left his neighbors speechless after convert your small Fiat Polski 1980 in a vehicle that runs on charcoal to operate. He has done it from his workshop in Aguacate, Cuba, a town of about 5,000 inhabitants 70 kilometers east of Havana, and the news has gone around the world. Shortage. Cuba passes through one of its worst energy crises in decades. Since January, when the Trump administration blocked fuel supplies to the island, gasoline has become a practically inaccessible commodity for most Cubans. On the black market, a liter costs eight dollars (about six times the official price), and power outages are now a constant. Added to this scenario is the closing of Venezuela’s oil tap, which historically had acted as an energy cushion for Havana. As if that were not enough, the global context is also worrying with the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz and the war conflict in the Middle East. The barrels that Russia has supplied to Cuba has given some relief to the country, but as reported its Minister of Energy and Mining, Vicente de la O Levy, the supply is scheduled for “the end of April”, and at the moment there is no confirmation on when the next shipment could arrive. Hence, some have opted for such creative measures to boost the engines of their vehicles. How the invention works. Pino built the propulsion system entirely from salvaged parts and scrap materials. The charcoal is burned inside a converted propane cylinder, sealed with the lid of an electrical transformer. The hot gases pass through a filter made from a stainless steel milk can filled with old clothes, and from there they reach the carburetor to replace gasoline. The whole set (a 60 liter tank welded to the rear of the car) It took two months to build.. Starting up, however, requires patience, since you have to light the charcoal with alcohol and wait about thirty minutes before you can leave. “It’s not a car for someone who’s in a hurry,” he joked. The inspiration came from the internet. Pino did not start from scratch. According to what he said, he spent hours watching videos of Edmundo Ramos, an Argentine engineer who has been perfecting biomass-powered car technology. According to explained Ramos himself told Reuters, since the crisis in Cuba began, he has received calls from several Cubans asking for help, from an ice manufacturer that could not produce, to an ice cream maker or shopkeepers. Ramos maintains that practically any engine can adapt to this system, as long as hot gas can be introduced into the carburetor instead of gasoline. Atracloc tionto the. Pino started his car for the first time at the beginning of last month. The Polski completed a journey of 85 kilometers and reached a top speed of 70 km/h, according to collected Reuters. In Aguacate, the vehicle has become the newest, as neighbors come to take photos, and some ask out of curiosity if the mechanic can build one for them. “This is Cuba. A salad made of everything,” summed up one of the neighbors in the middle. Distress. This very creative invention is nothing more than the symptom of an economy on the limit. In Cuba, scarcity has generated an entire culture of improvisation that Cubans themselves call “creole inventions”. Blackouts of up to nineteen hours, neighborhoods without water for weeks, families cooking with firewood or collecting rainwater in soda bottles. Just like shared El País, the Cuban Observatory of Conflicts, registered more than 1,200 protests in the last month, mainly due to supply cuts. What comes next. Pino already has the following project in mind: adapt a tractor with the same system. “We need mobility, we need to be able to farm,” he declared to the media. To his neighbors, he has become more than just a handyman. “They tell me I’m a magician,” he says proudly. Images | Reuters, The Country In Xataka | Someone dumped 167,000 tons of rubble and asbestos in Malaga. And now Malaga has a serious problem

A gasoline engine that uses 3L per 100km is a dream come true. And only Spain could manufacture it.

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With gasoline and absolutely shot dieselsreduce a few tenths (or liters) to 100 It is the wish of practically every Spaniard. Although the efficiency of current engines is increasing, and gasoline consumption is not as high as it was two decades ago, giants like Repsol are struggling to develop ultra-efficient engines that run on renewable fuel. And they have achieved it. They are not alone. Repsol has the fuel, but needs a partner to develop the engines. That partner is horse powertrain, a Joint Venture between Renault and the Chinese group Geely. This is dedicated to designing, manufacturing and selling thermal and hybrid propulsion systems, something that allows both Renault and Geely to continue exploring the combustion vehicle of the future without abandoning their electrification plans. Horse H12 Concept. This is an engine that promises less than 3.3 liters per 100km in the WLTP cycle, with a reduction in consumption according to the company of 40% compared to the average of new gasoline vehicles registered in the last two years. The best of all? The engine has been developed in Spain, and runs on 100% renewable Repsol gasoline. Horse has its operational headquarters in Madrid, engine factories in Valladolid and gearbox factories in Seville. Why is it important. The Horse H12 Concept is not a shot in the dark. It is an evolution of an already existing engine: the HR12. It is a 1.2-liter three-cylinder produced in Romania, and used in models such as the Dacia Duster. What makes this Concept version special is its exhaust gas recirculation system, a specially optimized ignition system and a hybrid gearbox. This Concept version, in alliance with Repsol, shows how far these engines can go with the help of synthetic fuel. It is not an experiment with an engine designed from scratch, it is the refinement of something that already exists. The other 50%. Repsol is now capable of producing gasoline of 100% renewable origin on an industrial scale at its Tarragona plant. According to what it indicates, it is compatible with all current gasoline vehicles, without requiring any type of modification. It’s your Nexa fuelcurrently available at 30 of Repsol’s stations. The same happens with its diesel, which promises to reduce net CO₂ emissions by up to 90%. And if you’re wondering how much the joke costs, approximately 10 euro cents more per liter compared to conventional fuels. Combustion is not dead. The comings and goings of Europe with combustion cars in 2035 They make it clear that the future will involve electrification. But the plans of giants like Geely and Repsol to try to keep more environmentally responsible combustion solutions alive are a clear indication that gasoline and diesel still have life ahead of them. In Xataka | The question is no longer whether diesel will continue to rise: it is whether it will become an expensive fuel forever.

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