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why 4 GB + extra 4 GB will never work like real 8 GB

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Surely you already know: the price of RAM memory is through the roof. Even if we focus only on mobile, This is something that has many implications.. In fact, everything indicates that very soon we will begin to see entry-level or very cheap mobile phones with 4 GB of RAMsomething that seemed to have been forgotten (because 6 GB was already the standard for these phones). As with almost any device, the RAM memory It is a key point in the operation of a mobile phone. Having little can be an ordeal on a day-to-day basis, especially if we take into account that you cannot open your phone and put more RAM in it as you could on a PC. That’s where what is known as virtual RAM comes in.a “trick” that manufacturers use on these cheap phones with little memory. Is it of any use? Let’s see it. Why is RAM memory so important in a mobile phone? Before delving into this, let’s stop for a moment to understand Why is RAM memory so relevant in a mobile phone?. Your mobile phone, laptop or tablet has two types of memory: there is storage on the one hand and, on the other, RAM. Both are used to store information, but in a very different way. In fact, these two memories are also different from each other: the storage has more capacity, but the RAM is much faster. That speed is the key. The phone’s processor is working all the time and needs to access information for any process. If it depended solely and exclusively on storage for this, its performance would be much slower. RAM memory comes into play right there and allows the processor to write and read information much faster. But of course, as we said above, what is saved in RAM is only there temporarily. And it is there temporarily because the capacity of this memory is much smaller. The device uses RAM constantly for all types of processes. If you have low RAM, performance suffers. For that reason and to get straight to the point, yes: the more RAM memory your phone has, the better. And that is why virtual RAM exists. Small note. As with PC RAM, there are different types of memory. For computers, the type of RAM memory is identified by the acronym DDR, but the one used by mobile phones is called LPDDR. In essence, this type of memory takes up less space and consumes less battery than DDRwhich is why it is used for mobile phones. Now, how do you know what type of memory a certain mobile uses? They all begin with LPDDR and it is what follows after these letters that tells us what generation this memory is from. LPDDR3 is still found in some very low-end mobile phones, but the current standard is LPDDR5 (and LPDDR5X is already starting); LPDDR4/4X is also present in the mid-range. Virtual RAM: is it what manufacturers promise? Now knowing how RAM works, it is easier to understand what virtual RAM does and what it is for. As its name indicates, it is not physical memory (that is, it is not a component inside your mobile). So how does it work? Well, it’s very simple to understand: if you activate it, Your mobile will take a part of the storage and use it as RAM memory. This, on paper, sounds great. Many manufacturers use this technique to supply a low amount of RAM (usually between 4 and 6 GB). It is very possible that you will see this option with a different name depending on the manufacturer of your phone, since each one calls it a different way. Samsung, for example, calls it ‘RAM Plus‘. Now, as we have already explained above, the storage speed is not even remotely close to that of RAM memory, so it’s not a miracle solution. Of course, we are not saying that it is useless. Virtual RAM can help your phone have an “extra” that allows it to have more apps open in the background or that these are not closed forcefullysomething that usually happens if we demand a lot from a mobile phone with little RAM. And does it have any “side effects” for our mobile? The most obvious one is that we’re obviously going to lose a little bit of storage if we turn it on. However, that may not be the most important thing. By activating this option, the use of virtual RAM increases the writing to storage (flash), which can accelerate wear. In practice, the impact is limited on modern devices with good management, but it exists. Two mobile phones for less than 310 euros with which virtual RAM is not so necessary POCO X7 Pro I no longer recommend mobile phones with less than 8 GB of RAM and if you are looking for one with a good quality-price ratio, there are few better options than the POCO X7 Pro. It is true that it already has a successor, but since it has only been in stores for a short time, it has not yet dropped that much in price. For that very reason, This is a top option if you are looking to not spend more than 250 euros. This Xiaomi phone has 8 GB of RAM in this configuration and 256 GB of storage. In addition, it has a 6,000 mAh battery that is not as big as others we are seeing now (nor like the POCO X8 Pro Max), but it should give you about two days of autonomy. As we explained in its analysis, it also offers very good performance. Xiaomi Poco The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Realme 16 Pro If you can stretch your budget a little further, then don’t lose sight of the Realme 16 Pro 5G. It is a phone that does not reach 280 euros right now and it also has 8 GB of RAM. There is also … Read more

The best technology deals we found today (July 20) on Amazon

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We’re starting a new week and it’s a good time to compile some of the best technology deals we’ve found on Amazon today, July 20. From the new Huawei FreeClip 2 to sound bars, these are the five best deals of the day in the e-commerce giant. Hisense HS2100 – Sound Bar 2.1, 240W The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Wireless headphones Huawei FreeClip 2 by 169 euros: with slope-shaped design. smartphone Xiaomi 17 Ultra by 1,249.99 euros: with Leica cameras and AMOLED screen. smart watch Apple Watch Series 11 by 349 euros: with Always-On screen and more stylized design. Pack of two smart plugs Tapo P110 by 17.99 euros: with energy monitoring and compatible with voice assistants. sound bar Hisense HS2100 by 88.09 euros: with 240 W of power and Bluetooth 5.3 and HDMI ARC connectivity. Huawei FreeClip 2 Wireless Headphones The Huawei FreeClip 2 (now reduced to 169 euros) are revolutionary wireless open-ear headphones, ideal for those looking for absolute comfort. They stand out for their innovative C-shaped bridge design, which holds firmly to the ear like an earring without entering the ear canal. Besides, these headphones They offer clean sound quality with reverse sound wave technology to prevent audio leaks, automatic left/right ear recognition and a brutal autonomy that reaches up to 38 hours together with its charging case. HUAWEI FreeClip 2 Bluetooth Headphones The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Xiaomi 17 Ultra Smartphone He Xiaomi 17 Ultra It is a smartphone designed for mobile photography and the most ambitious flagship of the Chinese firm for those looking for the maximum power in the world and now it is reduced to 1,249.99 euros. It stands out for its revolutionary camera system co-developed with Leicawhich incorporates state-of-the-art sensors capable of capturing a professional level of detail and dynamic range in any lighting condition. In addition, it has a good AMOLED screen with ultra-sharp resolution and outstanding autonomy. Xiaomi 17 Ultra 5G 6.9″ 512GB The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Apple Watch Series 11 smartwatch He Apple Watch Series 11 It is one of those reference smart watches for those looking for exhaustive control of their health, sports and daily connectivity without leaving the Apple ecosystem. It is now reduced to 349 euros on Amazon. It stands out for its even more stylized design, with a Always-On display Brighter and more efficient, ideal for checking notifications and outdoor workouts at a quick glance. Thanks to its advanced sensors, it offers accurate health readings, fall detection and optimized sleep tracking. Apple Watch Series 11 GPS with 42mm Space Gray Aluminum Case and Black Sport Band The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Pack of two Tapo P110 smart plugs If you haven’t gone on vacation yet and want to pretend that you are at home when you are at your vacation destination, smart plugs are a good option to turn lamps on and off remotely, for example. This pack of two Tapo P110 (one of the best-selling models) costs now 17.99 euros on Amazon. They are compatible with Google Assistant and Alexa and, in addition, they offer energy monitoring. Tapo P110 (2 Packs) – Mini Wi-Fi Smart Plug (with Energy Monitoring) The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Hisense HS2100 sound bar If you want to improve the audio on your TV without spending a lot of money, this Hisense sound bar is the best seller at the moment and has a discount of more than 40% (it is available for 88.09 euros). Offers a 240W power and is compatible with Dolby Audio and DTS Virtual:X and has Bluetooth 5.3 connectivity and HDMI ARC. Hisense HS2100 – Sound Bar 2.1, 240W The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Some of the links in this article are affiliated and may provide a benefit to Xataka. In case of non-availability, offers may vary. Images | Javier Lacort and Álex Alcolea (Xataka), Hisense, Xiaomi, Huawei, Tapo and Apple In Xataka | Best Amazon Fire TV. Which one to buy and recommended models to convert your TV into a smart TV depending on use In Xataka | Best televisions in quality price. Which one to buy and seven recommended 4K smart TVs

I have tried a high-end stroller that rocks on its own. And how expensive stops seeming so when you look at its competition

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From the creators of “I have pricked a glucometer without being diabetic” either “I have gone out into the street with an exoskeleton“, everything is for workcomes now “I have had a daughter to be able to go one step further with this type of articles.” It may not have been exactly like that, but the truth is that I have been pushing the Cybex e-Gazelle S, an electric baby stroller, for eight weeks. It rocks itself and helps you on slopes. I have been carrying it since my daughter was born and always in individual mode: I have not mounted the second seat or the tandem carrycot that this model promotes, only the Gazelle S Cot carrycot that came in the pack. I say this because there is reviews out there they value their behavior in double, with two children and purchases on top, and I can’t talk about that. I’m talking about what I’ve experienced: a stroller for a newborn in Valencia, without impossible hills or epic due to a double upbringing (parents of twins, you have my full appreciation). And yet it has given me much more to think about than I expected. Because the e-Gazelle S is, above all, a good stroller. And only later, one that rocks alone. First the car, then the engine It’s easy for the word “electric” to take over the rest of the spec sheet, and I think that would be a mistake. The e-Gazelle S is large, comfortable and built with a solidity that is noticeable in the hand: aluminum chassis, wheels that absorb potholes and poorly graded sidewalks well, huge lower basket plus a removable shopping basket that I plan to use as soon as my xiqueta can go to the stroller. The chassis with the chair (not the carrycot) weighs 14.7 kilos, almost two more than the “normal” e-Gazelle (12.9 kg), somewhat heavy when it comes time to put it in the trunk of the car, figures very similar to those of the most similar stroller in the competition, the Bugaboo Donkey, which I will talk more about later to compare them. Folding and unfolding is quite simple once you remember everything to touch at once. Image: Xataka. Overall maneuverability is good. It turns easily, is controlled with one hand when the other is needed for whatever, and the carrycot, with its XXL hood, is one of the most successful I have tried. My daughter is comfortable in there, and that, at eight weeks old, is the only thing that really matters to me. Although in reality I also care about my comfort wearing it: I’m 1.90m tall and not all of the strollers I tried a few months ago seemed designed for my height. Some made my lower back work and made me walk with a bump. It might be harmless for two minutes, but it would certainly be hellish for a long walk. This car has an adjustable handlebar that when fully deployed reaches 1.10 m in height, at the top of the models I reviewed. Comfortable, great, it lets me walk straight. Image: Xataka. But there is a ‘but’ that I think is not usually mentioned: The rear wheels, the large ones, protrude beyond the width of the chassis, as can be seen in the image above this paragraph. In large spaces nothing is noticeable. The problem appears in the tight maneuvers of everyday domestic life: a turn between the sofa and the living room furniture, leaving or entering the elevator, avoiding a door jamb, etc. There, more than once, especially in the first few days, I have accidentally hit something with that wheel that sticks out a little more than the eye calculates. It’s not serious—nothing has happened—but it’s the type of daily use friction that I haven’t seen mentioned and that can only be discovered by living with the stroller, not by trying it for a while in the store. I think that’s my only real ‘but’ to this stroller. The rocking chair, put to the test This is where the e-Gazelle S differs from any other stroller I’ve tried. You lock the front wheels, brake the rear, turn on the engine, hold down the rocking button until you choose the intensity (there are three) and the stroller It begins to swing on its own, back and forth, like your own hand would do on the street holding the handlebars.. With less grace, yes. One nuance: at first you turn it on accidentally from time to time. Holding the handlebar in one hand to maneuver without looking at it too much makes it easy to end up accidentally touching the button. Although nothing happens, you get used to avoiding pressing that area. But when the stroller falls into the hands of a family member who wants to take it, again it is easy for them to hit it and you will find it turned on. It’s a minor issue, but it doesn’t hurt to mention it. From those two buttons on the handlebar you control its electrical part. Image: Xataka. The first few weeks my daughter didn’t quite give in to the invention. He found it difficult, he preferred human movement in general and holding her in his arms in particular. But in recent times she has changed her mind, and there is one afternoon that I remember well: I was especially upset on the terrace of a cafeteria, for no apparent reason, and I tried the rocking chair almost without faith. He calmed down and stayed that way for a long time, much longer than I expected. In fact, I had the idea (untested, just intuition) that the battery would last about 20 minutes of use. It stayed active much longer than that. lThe autonomy reaches just over a continuous hour depending on the rocking level. Rocking at its lowest intensity. Image: Xataka. And the rocking at its greatest intensity. Image: Xataka. I cannot speak with the same reliability about the … Read more

Xiaomi has a full-time humanoid robot in its car factory. You’re ready to stop being an intern

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Xiaomi has made its car factory cause a sensation. With the SU7 and YU7 in the market, the company has managed to make people stand in line and pay a fortune to see how these cars are manufactured, something they have achieved thanks to a good marketing strategy and, above all, a futuristic factory with a hook that is difficult to ignore: humanoid robots riding the cars. It was this past March when we learned from Lei Jun, founder and CEO of the company, that they had put a series of humanoid robots to work. “do internships” inside the factories. The tasks of these robots were not at all exciting, as they were dedicated to one thing: putting self-tapping nuts on the floor parts of cars. However, the period of being robo-interns is coming to an end and it has been the CEO himself who has commented that robots have climbed several steps. Specifically, they are almost on the same level of success as their human “companions.” From robo-interns to robo-experts The task they had to do is the most alienating and example of chain work that you can imagine. The system collects the nuts from an automatic supply equipment and deposits them in the indicated place, where the automatic screwing is subsequently carried out. Indeed: the robots were putting nuts… and that’s it. In March, Lei Jun said the robots had achieved a 90.2% success rate in placing nuts during three hours of continuous autonomous operation. This figure indicates the number of correct operations compared to the total attempts made and, in addition, they detailed that they adjusted to a production cycle of 76 seconds. Timing in these factories is crucial, especially when all steps are so automated if the car output goals are to be achieved. Now, although putting on nuts seems simple, they are not like those on an Ikea piece of furniture and there are some things to consider. A key challenge in this process is getting the self-tapping nut to precisely align, center and seat on the locating pin before screwing. Otherwise, the system crashes and the join is incomplete. And this process is complicated by three main factors: Grip variability: The orientation of the nut on the robot gripper changes with each cycle. Design and physical forces– The internal knurling of the nut and the magnetic attraction of the pin make exact adjustment difficult. Operating environment: There are limitations on the working angle and external interference in the assembly area. For the robot it is more complicated than it seems, but now it has been Lei Jun himself who has turned to come to the fore to point out that robots have gone from that success rate of 90.2% to 98%. They are, according to the executive, just one percentage point behind human workers. And most importantly, they are ready to take on more complex tasks. Because thanks to that success, it has been decided that Robots can begin to tackle more complex tasks. Because from tightening nuts, they have moved on to new stations that included tasks such as installing the side panels of the center console, as well as folding and recycling parts. The side panel task is complex because it is a large, flexible, irregularly shaped component that requires multiple pick-and-place cycles in different positions. Xiaomi says this is the first time a humanoid robot has completed prolonged manipulation of such a part on a real automotive production line and estimates the success rate to be over 90%. In four months we will see where that percentage is, but although it is clear that the evolution of the company’s humanoid tobots It is being remarkable, we are talking about robots that are still in the testing phase and in a single workstation. They are taking data and running every possible metric to determine if they are up to par for a productive, full-scale deployment. Human workers can rest easy, at least for a few more months. What I don’t understand is why they have to look like robots taken from the reboot from ‘Robocop’. In Xataka | In the war of humanoid robots, those from the United States dance and those from China work by the piece. It is not a technological issue

how a probe launched in 2006 woke up and warned Madrid from 9.5 billion km

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About 9.5 billion kilometers from Earth, a ship built by humans more than two decades ago continued to advance through a region of the Solar System that we barely know. He had left in January 2006had left Pluto behind and had been in hibernation for 321 days, almost silently, while its trajectory took it further and further away from us. So after almost a year, New Horizons sent the signal confirming his awakening. It did not bring spectacular images nor did it announce a great discovery: it simply told us that it had come out of its dream and was still in good condition. That signal did not respond to an order sent from Earth that same morning. Before going into hibernation, the team had uploaded a sequence of instructions to the main computer that told the probe when to wake up its systems. New Horizons executed that programming on June 23 and came out of hibernation without needing a new order from our planet. Only then did he send his message to us. When the Deep Space Network station near Madrid received itabout eight hours and 52 minutes had passed since waking up. From this station near Madrid confirmation was received that New Horizons had woken up and was still in good condition. Hibernating didn’t mean turning off the ship and hoping it would come back on months later. During that period, a good part of its systems remained disconnected to reduce consumption and wear, but the flight computer continued to monitor the general condition while the vehicle rotated stably on itself. Once a week, in addition, it sent a simple beacon to indicate if everything was still in order. This way, the team could know that New Horizons was still healthy without maintaining constant communication or unnecessarily occupying the ground antennas. The system that remained in control was not like the computers we carry in our pockets. The command and data management system is supported by a 12MHz Mongoose V processorprotected against radiation and designed to resist rather than run. This component distributes orders among the subsystems and executes routines that allow the probe to react without immediate intervention. Upon certain failures, the ship can initiate a recovery, switch to backup components, or send a request for help. At that distance, autonomy is not an added function, but a condition for survival. The probe also could not send each measurement at the time it was obtained. His observations were stored in two 8 GB solid state drivesa main one and a backup one, while the computer organized and compressed them for later transmission. Seen from our current devices, that memory is almost insignificant; in deep space, forces you to manage each data carefully. The team had to prioritize and wait until the vehicle could point correctly toward our planet. Discovering something was only the first part: we still had to get it to us. A space probe designed to last The next problem was keeping alive a machine that was traveling further and further away from the source of energy that illuminates our planet. New Horizons does not rely on solar panels, but rather a radioisotope thermoelectric generator that uses the heat released by the decay of plutonium-238 to produce electricity. The power it delivers slowly decreases over the years, so each instrument turned on implies a decision. On the other hand, the insulating layers retain the heat generated by the electronics themselves, while automatic heaters intervene when this protection is not enough. After visiting Pluto and Arrokoth, New Horizons continues to move outwards from the Solar System Finding us from the far reaches of the Solar System requires much more than turning on a transmitter. The spacecraft observes the stars and compares what it sees with a catalog stored on board to determine where it is facing. Its small thrusters then make the necessary adjustments to align the main antenna with the Earth. That antenna cannot move independentlyso the entire vehicle must be placed in the correct direction before starting unloading. Only then can the stored data begin a nearly nine-hour journey to us. The paradox of that hibernation was that New Horizons was still doing science. Although the controllers were not sending commands or downloading information, three instruments remained active to study the particles, plasma and dust surrounding the probe. SWAP, PEPSSI and accountant Venetia Burney continued to take measurements and retain them for when regular communication could resume. The mission had reduced much of its activity, but not its ability to observe: even during the longest sleep in its history, outer space continued to pass through its sensors. A ship launched two decades ago does not age like one of our devices: no one can bring it back, change a part, or connect it to a more powerful energy source. What the team can do is teach you how to better manage what you still have. Before its final sleep, New Horizons received a crash protection update to address the gradual drop in power and increased communication delays. Her awakening was not, therefore, an isolated trick, but the result of twenty years of learning to keep her alive from a distance. Images | NASA | In Xataka | NASA is looking for four people who want to live a year on Mars without leaving Earth

2,000 years ago someone screwed up in a foundry. Thanks to her we have discovered a Roman workshop hidden in Germany

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When a piece of metal goes wrong, the normal thing in an artisan workshop is that it ends up being discarded. Well, something like this must have happened 2,000 years ago and that chance discovery of a lead ingot at an excavation in Rothaargebirgein the German region of Sauerland, has helped discover, understand and reconstruct how this metal was produced in the Roman Empire. The discovery. It all started with a large cast lead ingot, with a characteristic workmanship from the Roman imperial period, which found Brilon resident and metal prospector Peter Hoffman. Then he notified the authorities: the ingot was not a unit lost in transit, but a casting failure that was probably left there with the idea of ​​remelting it to use it, something that fortunately (for archaeology) never happened. With that clue, the archeology team of the Westphalia-Lippe Regional Association (LWL) The excavation campaign began in June on an elevation of the Rothaargebirge massif, near Brilon. What they found there confirmed his suspicions: There was a lead processing area from Roman times, something unique until now in southwest Westphalia. Why is it important. It may not be as spectacular as tombs or treasures, but this defective lead ingot serves to fill a gap in history: it is the first solid archaeological evidence that a metallurgical production chain existed in Sauerland, something that until now was not known. This is how he fills in a piece to better explain how the Roman economy worked. Furthermore, since ingots are direct products of mining and are marked with seals or engravings, they allow their distribution chain to be traced: the place of origin (the manufacturing workshop is close to the mine), their trade and distribution networks. In fact, there is a corpus which brings together some 2,250 Roman ingots documented from Scotland to Morocco and from Portugal to Israel. Context. As explains the Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochumlead was a metal widely used in Roman times for all kinds of things: pipes, weights, sling projectiles or sarcophagus linings… and sometimes it was linked to the extraction of silver, so it is common to find the production of both together. Precisely this relationship between lead and silver is essential to explain Brilon. According to the doctor in archeology of the LWL Manuel Zeilerrelatively small amounts of lead were found at the site, which suggests that the objective was to produce lead efficiently and not generate waste derived from silver exploitation, an important detail because in many ancient sites both activities go hand in hand. Previous works by LWL already indicated that in the area around Brilon there were deposits rich in mineral and that Roman metallurgists had visited the area with the interest of obtaining lead, but it was not clear how. In detail. The team, led by Sebastian Magnus Sonntag, documented that there were ceramic fragments of pre-Roman tradition and numerous small fragments of lead related to the process of obtaining the metal, in addition to a base built with carefully arranged stone slabs. Both these slabs and the clay soil beneath showed signs of fire and heat and in the gaps between stones there were remains of charcoal, still to be analyzed, but the team’s hypothesis points because that place was a roasting point: there the galena (the most common lead sulfide in the region) was heated along with charcoal to reduce its sulfur content and then melt the resulting metal and pour it into molds and obtain ingots like the one found. Yes, but. The excavation only lasted a couple of weeks and the conclusions are still preliminary, but there are some things that still do not add up: the ceramic fragments probably point to the beginning of the Roman imperial era, but it is a relative and not an absolute dating. The key will be in the dating of the vegetal carbon remains. But the big underlying question was who worked the metal there: whether they were Romans, Germans or local artisans in contact with Roman technology. In Xataka | “For 2,000 years they have been inaccessible. Finally we can read them”: archaeologists now know how to decipher the Herculaneum papyri In Xataka | The “Mud Rome” of Hispania loved board games and wine. We know it thanks to a mysterious site in Aragon Cover | LWL and Jebulon

“A green area without sufficient trees loses much of its ability to act”

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Extreme heat waves are an increasingly intense and long-lasting structural challenge and, faced with some cities turned into asphalt traps With a distinct lack of trees, the “urban climate shelter” concept has gained traction as emergency infrastructure. However, not just any green space acts as a heat shield, since recent research led by the University of Granada evidence that the design, morphology and, above all, the type of trees are critical factors, since a green area without dense coverage loses almost all of its effectiveness in reducing temperature. Size is not everything. The first results of the ACTERCA project, led by researcher David Hidalgo from the UGR, show the thermal behavior of green areas in the eight Andalusian capitals. To carry it out, they used a combination of satellites, climate modeling, artificial intelligence and thermal cameras, and the research concludes that the cooling capacity depends critically on large trees with dense canopies. These specific trees are the ones that really manage to reduce the environmental temperature between 3 and 5 ºC compared to areas dominated by impermeable pavements or the classic albero. That is why the key is not to create “green-looking” climate shelters, but to specifically design them to offer good shade and evapotranspiration with the most suitable trees. It is explained as follows by the UGR: These processes reduce the ambient temperature and significantly improve the thermal comfort of those who use these spaces. On the contrary, green areas with little tree cover lose much of their capacity to buffer heat, which shows that increasing the green area, by itself, does not guarantee effective protection against heat waves. It’s personalized. The study also highlights that urban design does not admit universal recipes, since in cities like Seville and Malaga, the main problem lies in the albedo and in Córdoba, the threat is building density and soil waterproofing. But if we go to Granada, the geometry of the historic neighborhoods, with narrow streets, offers greater thermal resilience than that of the new urban developments. Beyond temperature. Although lowering the thermometer is the most visible objective, science warns that the concept of “urban climate refuge” is still in its infancy and its definition lacks consensus. According to a systematic reviewcurrent urban planning is focusing almost exclusively on thermal comfort, leaving the potential of these spaces to promote urban biodiversity or long-term climate mitigation unexplored. In fact, it is pointed out that climate shelters must be conceived as multi-scalar solutions, since an isolated square is not enough, but an interconnected network is necessary. Along these lines, science proposes specific methodologies (tested in Seville and Malaga) to design shelter networks that classify spaces according to their use: places of temporary relief, areas for daily activity or areas of critical assistance during disasters. The real challenge. The biggest obstacle facing climate refuges is not thermodynamic, but social. And I know that an excellently air-conditioned park is of no use if those who suffer the most from the heat cannot access it or do not feel integrated. For example, an analysis at the IERMB on the Barcelona shelter network showed that there are deep intersectional vulnerabilitiessince factors such as economic income, gender and cultural origin determine who actually uses these spaces. This geographical and income inequality is also denounced by Greenpeace Spain, whose reporte warns of a serious lack of protection against heat waves in the most vulnerable sectors of the population, addressing access to thermal comfort as a fundamental right. We are behind. We know what works and how to implement it, but management is still one step behind. A review at European level which analyzed 97 initiatives in 88 cities revealed a notable institutional disconnection, since national climate adaptation strategies are rarely vertically integrated with local practices. Plans written on paper take too long to become trees planted on the asphalt. And the message we have on the table is that, to combat the extreme heat of the coming decades, cities do not simply need more square meters painted green on a map, but rather densely treed, intelligently distributed and, above all, socially fair urban ecosystems. Images | Andy Lee In Xataka | Climate change has a lethal side effect that we are only just discovering: it locks us in the house and prevents us from moving

“We no longer trust US hyperscalers.”

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several weeks ago, The US ordered Anthropic to suspend access to Fable 5. Shortly after the model was available again (although with changes), but this event served something else: to make tangible a threat that Europe had been talking about in the abstract for years. We spoke with Andreas Prins, global director of Sovereign Solutions at SUSE and expert in digital sovereignty, about what this episode reveals about European technological dependence, and why the political response continues to lag behind the problem. The trigger for Fable 5. The suspension of Fable 5 and Mythos, Anthropic’s most powerful models, marked a before and after in terms of digital sovereignty. According to Prins: “The most interesting movement that emerged from this is the awareness on the part of companies. We often talked about sovereignty, digital resilience and independence, but never to the level of a government effectively retiring software (…) people suddenly realized that dependency is real.” Prins, who works for one of the largest open source infrastructure companies, says conversations with companies have changed a lot after this incident. The same managers who once “ran to deploy Gemini, Anthropic, or global vendors like OpenAI” now realize that “I probably don’t need the newest, coolest model; what I need is a model I can control, running on my own premises or in my data center, with open source software I can audit and inspect.” Notice to sailors. However, the temporary suspension of these models did not cause havoc in European companies and institutions for a simple reason: they were very new models and there was no time to integrate them into critical processes. “If this suspension had occurred within three or five months, with companies operating their chatbots, customer service and decision-making engines based on these models. The impact would have been much greater,” warns Prins. In this sense, this event functioned more as “an early warning signal than a real-time crisis.” A question of trust. Trump’s obsession with taking over Greenland At the beginning of the year, relations between the US and Europe deteriorated rapidly. Europe began to realize something uncomfortable: The US was not the reliable partner I thought and that technological dependence could be a weapon of pressure. For Prins it is clear: “It is a question of trust and, if I evaluate digital sovereignty in Europe, the feeling is quite uniform: we no longer trust US providers or hyperscalers, and therefore we want to build our own alternatives.” Digital sovereignty is also a question of resilience, that is, what can happen to your business if software stops working tomorrow or if it stops receiving security patches. “Sovereignty is fundamentally a business risk assessment rather than a purely IT issue. You can take technological risks, as long as you do it consciously,” says Prins. A tangible example. To illustrate how risk perception is changing, Prins tells us the case of a company in the Netherlands that had its main environment in a data center in Frankfurt, managed by a hyperscaler, and also a data center below sea level in the Netherlands. The question was whether to maintain backup infrastructure in the Netherlands, where dam failure could cause flooding and cause serious damage. After a risk analysis, they came to a conclusion: “The risk of flooding from levee failure was lower than the risk of an American hyperscaler pulling the plug on European customers.” Wow, they trust more a structure which in many parts is already approaching a century of life. The current situation. Europe is already taking its first steps towards technological independence. It has been announced European Technological Sovereignty Package and there is also the Cloud and AI Development Actbut we are still in a very incipient phase and it is difficult to imagine a joint response of 27 countries, each with their own interests. Prins admits that “it will be difficult.” SUSE has worked with Denmark, France, Germany and the Netherlands in drafting recommendations to the EU, and their reading is that the disagreement is not in the objective, but in the execution since each one works with different tools. “To build a strong Europe we should unify these initiatives more and leave aside national particularities, although the market is large enough for several suppliers.” When asked about which countries are doing better, Prins avoids pointing out a single leader and prefers to talk about specializations: “Norway and Finland are taking giant steps in sovereignty applied to the defense industry”, in Germany there are states transforming their infrastructure on a large scale; in Spain, cites projects such as Penpot and the SUSE’s recent alliance with OpenChip. For its part, the United Kingdom “remains closer to the US for obvious reasons.” The importance of open source. Andreas Prins works in an open source company, but defends that its use goes beyond interest, but is a necessity: “to achieve the strictest levels of compliance required by the Cloud Act, the only viable way is to use open source,” he says. The advantages are auditability, forking capability, and exit speed, referring to “the ease of migrating to another system.” He contrasts this with how hyperscalers operate: “they capture customers with low entry costs and complex markets, whose long-term costs and dependencies are often underestimated.” When asked why this type of open initiatives have not caught on in Europe, he points out that “we should not underestimate the power of lobby of the big tech companies” and admits that there is also a visibility problem: “There are excellent open source alternatives in Europe, but they tend to be invisible. “I myself was surprised to see the potential we already have here.” Inaction is the worst scenario. When asked what would happen if Europe does not act in the coming years, Prins draws two scenarios. In the worst case “that geopolitical tensions calm temporarily, we put aside sovereignty ambitions and continue as before.” In the best case scenario (and the one he most trusts): “that figures such as Open Source Liaison … Read more

We thought that growing up defined the genus ‘Homo’ from its beginnings. Massive analysis proves we were wrong

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For decades, paleoanthropology has tried to decipher at what exact moment in our family tree we took the big “growth spurt” in our height to go from being relatively small people to the heights we see today in our environment. The classical anatomical belief held that the appearance of our genus was accompanied by a drastic and immediate increase in body size, but little by little We are learning more exact details. A new study recently published point out that the evolution of our body mass was not a sudden jump that defined all the first humans equally at the same moment, but rather a much more complex and gradual process than we thought. What we believed. Traditionally, several evolutionary models suggested that the origin of the genus Homo marked an abrupt anatomical boundary. It was assumed that the first humans quickly developed bodies much larger than those of the australopithecines, thus justifying new locomotor and energetic adaptations for the new ‘functions’ that we would acquire on a daily basis. To test these competing hypotheses, the research team has not simply compared fossil estimates in isolation, but has used advanced statistical tools on a data set composed of 386 specimens spanning 21 different taxa. This methodological rigor allows us not only to compare raw sizes, but also to take into account phylogenetic non-independence, size variation within the same species and the margins of uncertainty inherent to the fossil record itself. When did we take the growth spurt? The results of the analysis are statistically conclusive and rewrite the previous consensus, since, contrary to the classic hypotheses, the researchers found very weak support for the idea that the increase in size was a defining and transversal characteristic of the entire genus. Homo. Instead, the data show strong evidence that the marked increase in body mass occurred exclusively in species of Homo later, explicitly excluding the Homo habilis. That is, the first representatives of our genus continued to maintain a relatively modest size and the true biological leap that led us to scale our body proportions occurred later in the evolutionary lineage. It wasn’t that simple. As New Scientist points out, understanding body size is essential to understanding our past. However, for scientific rigor, the article of PNAS It stands as the essential primary source compared to more generalist readings, since, while there are voices that tend to look for immediate “cause and effect” narratives, the strict biological data of this study demonstrate that human evolution rarely works with changes that occur overnight all at once. That is why this work eliminates the “noise” of previous speculation by integrating multiple variables into a single analytical framework, and the result is that it was selective pressures and millions of years that modeled the physiology and size of the modern human being. In Xataka | The first “social network” in history is 57,000 years old, it was made up of hunters and gatherers and served to avoid extinction

It has been frozen for 30 years at 8,500 meters. Now a mission wants to finally solve who was the most famous corpse on Everest

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If you like mountains and have ever gone (or fantasize about going) to Everest, surely the name of Green Boots sounds familiar: it is a reminder that climbing the highest mountain in the world is still a risky activity. The body of this mountaineer who died in the middle of the ascent was mummified at the entrance to a cave that you have to pass through when you climb the main ascent route from the Tibetan side. 30 years after his death, The Guardian echoes a leaked document where the rescue operation and repatriation of Green Boots to India is collected. In the rescue process it would also correct a mistake that has lasted three decades: the identity of the corpse would be cleared once and for all. The tragic story of Green Boots. “Green Boots” is the nickname of the mountaineer found in 1996 under a rocky outcropping at 8,500 meters above sea level, just 350 meters from the summit on the northeast route that ascends from the Tibetan side. The nickname has little originality: he was wearing boots of the same brand and model Koflach Arctis Expe phosphor green in color. His boots (and his body) were exposed and since it is in a transit area, it has become a macabre reference point to inform the base when they reach that position. Who really is Green Boots?. As for his identity, for almost 30 years it was assumed without official confirmation that It was Tsewang Paljoran Indian mountaineer who died in a severe snow storm known as the 1996 Everest disasterwhich killed 12 people. That tragedy inspired the book Into Thin Air. However, as reported by The Guardian, the document from the Indian rescue authorities identifies the body as Dorje Morupan Indian guard member of a Indo-Tibetan Border Police expedition who died in that same tragedy. The document ensures that this identification “has been confirmed through a prior verification process within the framework of a prior technical evaluation”, although without detailing what it consisted of. The recovery mission. The rescue bidding document asks companies to bid for the mission, which must have at least six Sherpas who have previous climbing experience. In addition, they must provide evidence of the mission and transport the body to Delhi before October. As explains Alan Arnettean American mountaineer and well-known blogger about Everest, lowering it is going to be “an arduous task” and estimates the operation at about $150,000. The monsoon rains also work against it. According to Sherpa Tshiring Jangbu details to The Guardianfounder of Everest Sherpa Expedition and with experience in this type of operations, with only a third of the oxygen available compared to that at sea level, activity above 8000 meters requires enormous effort and decision making can become more difficult. And that’s not to mention the load: a frozen body with mountain equipment can weigh up to 200 kilos. In addition, limbs frozen at angles impossible for descent sometimes mean they have to resort to amputation. A cemetery called Everest. Precisely because of the difficulty, danger and cost of the rescue operation, approximately 200 bodies still remain there on the slopes of Everest. As New Zealander Guy Cotter, who coordinated a similar rescue operation with his company Adventure Consultants in 1997, explains: “For families, recovering a body from the mountain gives them comfort, as long as it does not put other people at undue risk.” And according to their experience, there have been cases of recovery of bodies in which more people have died. Aware of the risk of their hobby, there are experienced climbers who wish that, if they die while climbing, their remains remain on the mountain, but are moved out of sight. Of course, families do not always think alike. In Xataka | Climbing Everest in person costs 50,000 euros. Uploading it in 4K from the sofa at home is now free In Xataka | There is something worse than Everest turning into a mountain literally full of shit: scam rescues Cover | Pavel Novak and Gemini with Koflach Arctis Expe

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