During the Cold War, hundreds of nuclear submarines simultaneously patrolled the oceans, turning the seabed into the quietest and most strategic setting on the planet. Today, unlike air or land space, the underwater domain remains one of the least mapped and harder to monitor: Communications travel slower, signals are distorted and visibility is practically zero.
In that opaque territory is getting rid a new career strategic.
The Russian submarine challenge. They remembered this week on Insider that, while the war in Ukraine hits Russian soldiers and material at a pace that is difficult to sustain, Moscow seeks to compensate for its conventional inferiority compared to the 32 members of NATO by strengthening asymmetric capabilities.
With a fleet of more than 60 submarinesseveral capable of carrying ballistic missiles and nuclear warheads, and the development of experimental systems such as the Poseidon autonomous torpedo or the missile Burevestnik nuclear cruiserRussia is committed to mastering the underwater domain as a space where it can hide and strike without needing to match the allied surface power. For controls as Norwegian Vice Admiral Rune Andersenthe bottom of the sea is the last place where a great power can still hide, and that is why NATO has redoubled its attention to that invisible area.
The European essay. In this context, the European Defense Agency has completed the Sabuvis II project after four years of joint work between Poland, Germany, Portugal and Slovenia. The objective was not to develop a simple underwater drone, but everything a coordinated swarm of autonomous vehicles capable of operating as a coherent system, sharing data, adjusting formations and adapting missions in real time in an environment where there is no GPS, limited bandwidth and high latency.
Tests in real settings showed that these groups can keep self-configurable acoustic communications, integrate platforms from different manufacturers using common standards and continue the mission even if a unit fails, transforming individual vulnerability into collective resilience.
A special command against asymmetry. If you will, Europe has also successfully tested a kind of special command against the greatest challenge that Russia presents. Faced with Moscow’s fleet that relies on the opacity of the ocean and second response weapons of almost unlimited range, the swarm logic introduces a new layer of surveillance and control in the marine subsoil.
Furthermore, it is not a single hunter submarine, but rather multiple distributed nodes capable of monitoring critical infrastructures, ports and strategic routes, carrying out intelligence and reconnaissance, and reacting in a coordinated manner to threats. Interoperability between countries and manufacturers also demonstrates that the European response is not fragmented, but integrateda key requirement in a theater where early detection can make all the difference.
From the invisible submarine to the monitored ocean. One thing is clear: Russia may not match Allied conventional strength, but its commitment to submarine and nuclear asymmetry forces NATO to strengthen control of the underwater domain. With 14 allied countries operating their own submarines and growing investment in anti-submarine warfare, the objective is to prevent May the sea once again be an impenetrable sanctuary.
Those autonomous swarms They add a technological dimension that, a priori, multiplies the presence without increasing crew costs or exposing manned platforms. In a scenario where Moscow trusts hide underwater to compensate for its wear and tear on land, Europe responds by filling that space cooperative sensors capable of bridging the gap between invisibility and detection.
Image | Royal Navy
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